Browsing by Author "Lamentowicz, Mariusz"
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Item Fires, vegetation, and human - The history of critical transitions during the last 1000 years in Northeastern Mongolia(2022-09) Słowiński, Michał; Obremska, Milena; Avirmed, Dashtseren; Woszczyk, Michał; Adiya, Saruulzaya; Łuców, Dominika; Mroczkowska, Agnieszka; Hałaś, Agnieszka; Szczuciński, Witold; Kruk, Andrzej; Lamentowicz, Mariusz; Stańczak, Joanna; Rudaya, NataliaFires are natural phenomena that impact human behaviors, vegetation, and landscape functions. However, the long-term history of fire, especially in the permafrost marginal zone of Central Asia (Mongolia), is poorly understood. This paper presents the results of radiocarbon and short-lived radionuclides (210Pb and 137Cs) dating, pollen, geochemical, charcoal, and statistical analyses (Kohonen's artificial neural network) of sediment core obtained from Northern Mongolia (the Khentii Mountains region). Therefore, we present the first high-resolution fire history from Northern Mongolia covering the last 1000 years, based on a multiproxy analysis of peat archive data. The results revealed that most of the fires in the region were likely initiated by natural factors, which were probably related to heatwaves causing prolonged droughts. We have demonstrated the link between enhanced fires and “dzud”, a local climatic phenomenon. The number of livestock, which has been increasing for several decades, and the observed climatic changes are superimposed to cause “dzud”, a deadly combination of droughts and snowy winter, which affects fire intensity. We observed that the study area has a sensitive ecosystem that reacts quickly to climate change. In terms of changes in the vegetation, the reconstruction reflected climate variations during the last millennium, the degradation of permafrost and occurrence of fires. However, more sites with good chronologies are needed to thoroughly understand the spatial relationships between changing climate, permafrost degradation, and vegetation change, which ultimately affect the nomadic societies in the region of Central and Northern Mongolia.Item Palinologia(Wydział Archeologii UAM, 2021) Kołaczek, Piotr; Karpińska-Kołaczek, Monika; Czerwiński, Sambor; Marcisz, Katarzyna; Lamentowicz, MariuszItem When archaeology meets environmental sciences: the Bruszczewo site revisited(Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 2021-12) Niebieszczański, Jakub; Gałka, Mariusz; Hildebrandt-Radke, Iwona; Karpińska-Kołaczek, Monika; Kołaczek, Piotr; Lamentowicz, Mariusz; Rzodkiewicz, Monika; Piątkowska, Grażyna; Martini, Sarah; Rand, AstaSettlement archaeology is often supported by geoarchaeology in which human habitation is drawn on the timeframe of landscape changes derived through interdisciplinary research. An example of a geoarchaeological approach to settlement study is the Bruszczewo Lake project conducted in Central-Western Poland. The area of Bruszczewo and the Samica River Valley witnessed human occupation since the Neolithic period and is most widely known for the presence of an Early Bronze Age fortified settlement. Previous research provided initial information about the presence of a lake and marshland in prehistoric and early historical times. A new geoarchaeological project aims to create a detailed environmental and landscape transformation history combined with the extensive knowledge of the archaeology of the area. Using GIS techniques, conventional drilling, and vibra-coring, a new set of data is brought to light and analysed in palaeoenvironmental terms. Constructed geological profiles across the valley revealed the basin’s morphology and provided insight into the subsequent landscape transformation phases, from the Late Glacial ribbon lake lasting until the end of the Bronze Age to the marshlands that thrived until the Early Medieval period. The ongoing analyses of samples derived from drillings provide a perspective for detailed reconstructions of landscape changes.