Browsing by Author "Patkowski, Krzysztof"

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    Odrodzenie obywatela w Polsce i NRD szesnaście lat po rozpoczęciu transformacji systemowej
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe WNPiD UAM w Poznaniu, 2007) Patkowski, Krzysztof
    In the Author’s opinion, if the development of civic society is to be measured in terms of participation in political life and involvement in non-government organizations East Germans seem to have adapted to the new reality better than Poles. However, if we take into consideration the potential of both nations Poles still stand a chance to build an efficient, and, first of all, their own, modern society. The advantage of having retained their own country, although so often criticized by Poles, may turn out to be fundamental. East Germans could not enjoy this privilege.
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    Pozycja i znaczenie partii wywodzących się z systemu niedemokratycznego na scenie partyjnej w Polsce, Czechach, Słowacji i na Węgrzech po 1989 r.
    (Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Dziennikarstwa UAM w Poznaniu, 2011) Patkowski, Krzysztof
    Political parties rooted in a non-democratic system have become a significant element of party systems in Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary, where they have taken an active part in the transformation process. The paper assesses the significance of these types of groupings for the construction of a new democratic system by means of a comparison of four members of the Vysehrad Group. The ideological profiles of these parties and their position in the party arena are defined. Finally, an attempt is made to answer the question of how these groupings have adapted to the new democratic system, why some of them continue to play a crucial role in politics even today, while others are found somewhere on the outskirts of political life. The author’s interests focus on the successors of those groupings that held full power before 1989: the Democratic Left Alliance in Poland, the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia in the Czech Republic, the Party of the Democratic Left in Slovakia, and the Hungarian Socialist Party. The example of the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia is of particular interest here as this is the only party that has not fundamentally changed its ideological profile and continues in isolation from other Czech groupings. At the same time, for twenty years, this same party has come third in the national elections, and even second in the European elections.
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    Realizacja programu reprywatyzacji w Polscew latach 1989–2001 (aspekt polityczny i ideologiczny)
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe WNPiD UAM w Poznaniu, 2004) Patkowski, Krzysztof
    Reprivatization is one of the problems Polish politicians have failed to solve for 15 years. They developed nearly a score of drafts of reprivatization acts, none of which has been implemented. Election campaigns and government changes most frequently obstructed them. This happened to the draft developed by Hanna Suchocka’s government, later withheld by the next government of Waldemar Pawlak and the coalition of SLD-PSL (Democratic Left Alliance – Polish People’s Party). The coalition AWS-UW (Solidarity Election Action – Freedom Union) was very likely to launch reprivatization. Although it had the required majority in the Parliament, the political disputes inside the Solidarity Election Action prevented reprivatization. For the Solidarity Election Action with Marian Krzaklewski, general endowment was to ensure the victory to the party and himself in the next parliamentary and presidential elections respectively. As a result of the internal disputes, the reprivatization act was vetoed by President Kwaśniewski and the elections marked the AWS’s collapse. After Poland’s accession to the European Union former property owners have increasingly been demanding to restore the seized property, yet the issue does not seem likely to be solved soon and the very idea of reprivatization dissolves in political and ideological controversies.
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    Realizacja programu reprywatyzacji w Republice Czeskiej i na Węgrzech po roku 1989
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe WNPiD UAM w Poznaniu, 2009) Patkowski, Krzysztof
    The paper discusses Czech and Hungarian ideas concerning the implementation of the reprivatization program, which are compared with Polish reprivatization programs in the conclusion. In all these countries more or less successful attempts have been undertaken to solve the problem of returning property to former owners. Similar problems have been encountered everywhere, and it has been practically impossble to return to the original status quo. In each country a majority of large industrial plants have expanded. Ater the war numerous state investments carried out which have completely altered these businesses. At the same time, apartments which became state property at some time were being sold on a great scale.
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    Węgierska droga do i od demokracji
    (Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Dziennikarstwa UAM, 2014) Pająk-Patkowska, Beata; Patkowski, Krzysztof
    W 2010 r. na Węgrzech przejęła władzę partia V. Orbana – FIDESZ. Dzięki wysokiej wygranej w wyborach parlamentarnych (niemal 53% głosów, co przełożyło się na 263 mandaty, czyli o 5 więcej niż wynosi konstytucyjna większość) możliwe stało się wprowadzenie głębokich zmian (w tym uchwalenie nowej konstytucji). W opinii wielu organizacji stojących na straży demokracji, a także Unii Europejskiej, zagrażają one fundamentom systemu demokratycznego w tym kraju. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie rozwoju demokracji na Węgrzech po 1989 r., a przede wszystkim ocena zmian zachodzących w tym kraju po 2010 r. W oparciu o dostępne wskaźniki jakości demokracji (Freedom House oraz The Economist Intelligence Unit’s Index of Democracy), podjęta zostanie także próba zweryfikowania tezy Janosa Kornaia, iż „Od lat 1989–1990 do wiosny 2010 r. na Węgrzech była demokracja. Już jej nie ma – formą rządów stała się autokracja” (Kornai, 2011). W artykule skonfrontowano również zarzuty stawiane węgierskim reformom przez społeczność międzynarodową z tym, co na ich temat mają do powiedzenia twórcy tychże reform.
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    Węgry w latach 1990-2011. Polityczne, ekonomiczne i społeczne przyczyny kryzysu
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe WNPiD UAM w Poznaniu, 2012) Pająk-Patkowska, Beata; Patkowski, Krzysztof
    The paper attempts to answer the question of why Hungary, a country that many Western politicians praised as an exemplary model of transformation until recently, has become a European outsider, a country whose economic situation is barely better than that of Greece going bankrupt. Both political and socio-economic reasons for the crisis are indicated. The former concern the long years of living beyond their means and the cowardice of the politicians, afraid to tell their fellow citizens that sacrifices are necessary. The economic sources of the crisis concern the procrastination and non-completion of reforms that could have made Hungary a more competi tive economy. The third group of factors that contributed to the crisis was related to the condition of Hungarian society, a society that in the mid-nineteen-nineties en tered another period described as bús Magyarország , a Hungarian version of Russian smuta (trouble). A period of an upset system of values, sadness, helplessness, a sense of defeat and humiliation have led to mental and moral collapse. All this may result in Hungary’s recovery from the crisis being a very difficult and prolonged process.
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    Węgry w latach 1990–2011. Polityczne, ekonomiczne i społeczne przyczyny kryzysu
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe WNPiD UAM w Poznaniu, 2012) Pająk - Patkowska, Beata; Patkowski, Krzysztof
    The paper attempts to answer the question of why Hungary, a country that many Western politicians praised as an exemplary model of transformation until recently, has become a European outsider, a country whose economic situation is barely better than that of Greece going bankrupt. Both political and socio-economic reasons for the crisis are indicated. The former concern the long years of living beyond their means and the cowardice of the politicians, afraid to tell their fellow citizens that sacrifices are necessary. The economic sources of the crisis concern the procrastination and non-completion of reforms that could have made Hungary a more competitive economy. The third group of factors that contributed to the crisis was related to the condition of Hungarian society, a society that in the mid-nineteen-nineties entered another period described as bús Magyarország, a Hungarian version of Russian smuta (trouble). A period of an upset system of values, sadness, helplessness, a sense of defeat and humiliation have led to mental and moral collapse. All this may result in Hungary’s recovery from the crisis being a very difficult and prolonged process.