Browsing by Author "Walkowiak, Jerzy"
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Item Aktywność innowacyjna w ujęciu socjologicznym(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 1983) Stankiewicz, Janina; Walkowiak, JerzyThe sociological approach to innovation is discussed in the context of its other aspects: technical, economic, legal and psychological ones. It is assumed that social setting of contradiction or lacuna, occuring and being solved is the essence of sociological perspective. The setting consists both of relations assigned organizationally and of those more spontaneous, regulated and shaped in groups, group conformities and social conditioning of innovational activities. The basic values are defined for its analysis types shape of a course, form object and functions (kinds), intensiveness, mass scale, profit; rank, degree of complexity, prosperity, success and continuance. Three various types are characterized in detail: 1) significant innovational activity in the legal meaning, 2) innovations partially defined by law, 3) innovational activity indifferent in the light of law or even conducted contra legem. On account on the divergences of shape of innovational course, eight classes of this value are defined and characterized. On discussing a form of innovation it is pointed that its individual character is dominating upon the collective one in the industrial labor saving movement. The dominating parts are also played by technological-constructional and technological kinds of innovation. Presented values are discussed in the aspect of their substance and empirical results of a study.Item Grupy młodzieży w wielkomiejskim środowisku. Próba typologii(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 1986) Sosnowski, Adam; Walkowiak, JerzyThe article presents a fragment research results of housing estate communities of Szczecin and Poznan. It concerns groups of youth (of the same age and others) in the age 13 - 20-working or studying. The authors dwell on the sociological definitions of social group providing also their own understanding of the notion. It is found that the examined youth belongs most frequently to the contemporary groups (packs and gangs) and to loose social circles. Criteria to divide the population were: 1) level of the social adjustment, 2) level of social, cultural and educational activity. These criteria allowed to distinguish „exemplary" youth, „medium", „difficult" from the social margin and „difficult" in the conflict with law. The research proves that the respective categories are loosely related to school as institution, with the example of „medium" youth. Next, the composition of youth groups and circles was established. It appeared that on account of their institutionalized background, it is mostly the „medium" youth which belongs to them, it is rarely the case of „exemplary" youth and sporadically only of the „difficult" one. Members of extraschool packs are usually the „difficult" ones (both categories), next the „exemplary" ones and rarely the „medium" ones. It has been also established that the binding force varies as well: it is common interests for the „exemplary" and „medium" ones and crime and delinquency for the „difficult" ones, it concerns mostly the youth remaining in conflict with law.Item Kierunki badań i rozważań nad stereotypami w polskiej socjologii(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 1979) Sosnowski, Adam; Walkowiak, JerzyL'article comprend la discussion et la classification des considérations et recherches polonaises à l'égard de quelques critères principaux concernant: 1) l'essentiel du stéréotype, 2) ses fonctions de base, 3) ses composants essentiels, ses traits ses dimensions, 4) le fondement de la naissance du stéréotype et 5) des méthodes de le découvrir et de le déterminer. Il met l'accent sur les résultats de l'analyse de la littérature soriologaqaie polonaise. En prenant et considération les critères mentionnés on a distingué les trois directions de base des considérations et des recherches: 1) la conception „de résultat", concentrant l'attention sur les imaginations et les convictions stéréotypées, 2) la conception cognitive, traitant le stéréotype en tant que manière de voir la réalité, en tant que schéma représentatif or comme un processus, 3) la direction liée strictement à l'analyse de l'opinion publique, traitant le phénomène discuté en tant que sa fraction — l'opinion fixe. Ce sont les trois courants si différents que dans quelques cas extrêmes embrassent par la reflexion et les recherches les ensembles des phénomènes bien éloignés. Dans le cadre des directions caractérisées on a soulevé et élaboré beaucoup de questions diverses concernant des stéréotypes, quoique on ait laissé des problèmes non résolus. C'est dans la deuxième partie de l'article que nous les signalons. Ils concernent entre autres le statut ontologique du phénomène discuté, son caractère social, la multiplicité des stéréotypes ayant rapport aux objets identiques, leur acceptation pour la vie sociale; la passivité de la perception déterminée par le schéma stéréotype ou par l'immae. D'une part l'article systématise la réflexion polonaise sur les stéréotypes à l'égard du leur traits essentiels, d'autre part il montre des questions non résolues en proposant certaines directions de leur résolution.Item Kierunki badań i rozważań nad stereotypami w polskiej socjologii(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 1979) Sosnowski, Adam; Walkowiak, JerzyItem Role pracownicze w przedsiębiorstwie przemysłowym(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 1977) Walkowiak, JerzyL'article des „Rôles de travailleur dans l'entreprise industrielle" contient l'analyse sociologique des rôles, dans lesquelles fonctionnent les travailleurs de l'entreprise socialiste. Il constitue le résultat des recherches de beaucoup d'années sur le fonctionnement des établissement de travail choisis. Les propositions sont appuyées sur le riche matériel empirique. Les résultats des observations, des interwiews, des enquêtes, des analyses des documents officiels ont été soumis à l'élaboration qualificative et quantitative. Dans la première partie de l'article, sur la base des comportements observés à l'établissement, je présente une typologie de l'interaction, dont sent liés les travailleurs de l'entreprise socialiste et aussi eux et les membres du cercle hors de la fabrique. Je montre les structures des rôles liés au travail et de celles qui sont conditionnées par l'accomplissement des tâches d'établissement, mais sont manifestées hors de la fabrique. Je décrit le cercle des personnes de l'établissement et hors de la fabrique, car les attentes des membres de ces cercles déterminent l'accomplissement des rôles de travailleurs. Ensuite je présente les rôles d'établissement et leurs modifications: purement professionnelle, c'est-à-dire — de travail socio-publique et de consommation. Dans la partie suivante je discute les différentes modifications des rôles, qui sont possibles à différencier, quand on accepte comme le facteur les structuralisant la participation des membres du personnel dans le cercle hoirs de la fabrique. Cette partie de l'article se termine par la présentation de la typologie des rôles de travailleur, de la typologie prenant en considération leurs configurations les plus importantes. On a décrit la fréquence des apparitions des modifications déterminées des systèmes des rôles et les conséquences sociales et économiques du fonctionnement dans ces systèmes des membres du personnel. Je termine les considérations par l'analyse des liaisons du système des rôles d'établissement et hors de la fabrique dans la situation, quand à leur adaptation sert le fonctionnement des travailleurs dans les rôles des cogestionnaires. Dans les propositions j'essaie montrer le système optimal des rôles, propre à l'entreprise.Item Socjologiczne problemy kształtowania aktywności innowacyjnej w przemysłowych zakładach pracy(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 1984) Stankiewicz, Janina; Walkowiak, JerzyThe article presents social substance of innovational system of decision and protection towards efficiency increasing movement containing all organizational units of various institutions, unions, societies, which activity is related to innovations. Basic functions of the system are characterised: 1) aiding and realization, 2) results and economy, 3) information- popularizing- training, 4) social integration, 5) protection and "securing", 6) stabilization and consolidation. It is indicated that enumerated functions of the system of decision and protection are realized by means of various strategies: 1) professional, oriented "towards plant" and accomplished by plant services, including units of rationalization and units of technology and developement; 2) oriented to plant, based on collaboration and cooperation of socio- professional inventive services with other units of plant; 3) professionalpro- plant combined with local stimulation; centrally controlled running almost exclusively according to normative, organizational and administrative directives coming from superior authorities. Various directions of activities of the discussed system are specified and characterized: 1) popularizing and information, 2) stimulation, 3) advising-aiding- -training, 4) assessing and decision, 5) substantial (promotion and dissemination). Some forms of stimulating innovational activity are described: 1) exchange, 2) thematical contests, 3) tournaments. Sociological typology of stimulating innovational activity and "administering" innovation in industrial plant is presented with due regard paid to previous conclusions, it contains following directions: 1) mobilisation, spontaneity, 2) directives, planning, 3) directives, arrangement 4) directing of a thematic feature, 5) socially obliging directions. The study indicates the types of systems, applied strategies, directions of activity and types of external stimulation which were prevalent in 1970 - 1980 in examined plants. It is also pointed which of those activities are more profitable for plant and which would fulfill needs and aspirations of workers.Item Stosunki przemysł — ośrodki władzy lokalnej w świadomości społecznej(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 1985) Suchocki, Bolesław; Walkowiak, JerzyThe present article is a study bordering on the sociology of industry, political relations and general knowledge. It contains the reflections resulting from the empirical research conducted in the industrial region of Konin. They refer to the concept of the industrial enterpreneur of J. Szczepański. In the first part of the study, the authors characterize the state and types of the cooperation within industry and between it and a local community. The second part portrays the reflection of that cooperation in the consciousness of the workers, enterprise mandatories, as well as the electedy and political local mandatories and administrators of the local public interest. The article generally answers the query: to what extent the consciousness reflection of the enterpreneur in the end of the seventies was reflecting the existing practice of the relations industry—local community. The article provides numerous premises for the further theoretical elaborations and empirical research, indicating both at shortcomings and positive sides of the discussed cooperation, its realistic and deformatory handling It has thus became a step on the road to describe the applicability of the theoretical concept of the ,,industrial enterpreneur" in the practice of empirical sociological research.Item Typologia rodzin wielkoarmejskich środowisk według kryteriów wydolności wychowawczej i stymulacji kulturalnej(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 1986) Sosnowski, Adam; Walkowiak, JerzyThe article is presenting a fraction of survey results obtained during the iresearch of housing estate circles of Szczecin and Poznań. It concerns family circles of housing estate neighbourhood youth in the age of 13 - 20, studying and not working. The authors start with the sociological understanding of a family and its basic functions. In further part of the study they (present and discuss categories of youth differentiated by them. Criteria of differentiation were the following: 1) level of social adaptation, 2) level of social, cultural and educational activeness. The "exemplary" youth is the first of the mentioned categories. Its functioning in the family is characterized by the incentive to cooperate with the remaining members of that genetical group and appearing conflicts have a creative and developing character. That part of youth consists of almost one fifth of the whole population. The next category described as "average" youth differs from the rest by means of the emotional ties with their families of origin and by drawing from it patterns for the created models and visions of their family of procreation, especially in social and educational spheres. That part of the examined equals one half of the neighbourhood youth. The final category, subdivided into the "difficult" youth from the social marigin and the youth in conflict with law is characterized by loose ties with a family and little relations with a wider social environment. Representatives of that category consist over the third part of the whole category of youth.