Browsing by Author "Wiewiorowski, Jacek"
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Item Kompetencje późnorzymskiego vicarius Thraciae w VI-VII wieku.(Wydawnictwo Poznańskie sp. z o.o., 2010) Wiewiorowski, JacekThe paper reviews the disputable issue concerning the competences of vicarius Thraciae (βικάριος Θρᾴκης), an office introduced during the rule of Justinian the Great (527-565) around the middle of the 6th century. Most probably a vicarius Thraciae was a civil head of four provinces of an ancient diocese of Thracia: Europa, Haemimontus, Rhodopa and Thracia. The author describes the administrative changes implemented in the Balkans in the Justinian the Great times, and presents various bits of information on other holders of that office, found on objects dug out in different parts of the territory, such as stamps or inscriptions. Those available data are subsequently compared with information on prerogatives of administrators of other dioceses. The author comes to the conclusion that judicial competences of a vicarius Thraciae were likely to be rather limited. His opinion is based on the fact that in appelate matters three out of the four provinces under the rule of the vicar were within the jurisdiction of the prefect of Constantinople. On the other hand, their purely administrative competences were much wider and included supervision of public construction projects. The author further proposes that a vicarius Thraciae might have had something to do with the defence construction project that was being realised in the Balkans in the Justinian the Great time. As one example shows, before 582 there was also a vicarius Thraciae who was most probably a military commander, others might have performed functions of heads of the army in emergency, when in the last decades of the 6th and 7th centuries Balkan provinces were threatened by the attacks of Avars and Slavs. In conclusion the author claims that the example of a vicarius Thraciae proves that the organisational principles on which a late-Roman state was built were not as formalised as some legal sources claim. This opinion is in line with the characteristic feature of the Roman state tradition which showed traces of certain instability of the principles on which a state was organised, and the ad hoc decisions that were often made by the state officials whenever a need for them arose.Item The Judiciary of Diocesan Vicars in the Later Roman Empire(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Wiewiorowski, JacekThe study focuses on vicars of dioceses (vicarius dioeceseos) of the Later Roman Empire and their judiciary capacity, which occupied one of the principal places in their duties. It is the first attempt to present the issue in scholarly research. The book covers the period from the establishment of dioceses under Diocletian (reigning 284–305) until the final abolishment of vicariates by Justinian I (reigning 527–565) and his further modifications of imperial administration introduced at a supra-provincial level. It concerns all dioceses of the Roman empire, excluding diocese administrators with special status: comes Orientis, praefectus Augustalis and vicars residing in Rome (especially vicarius urbis Romae). The author employs historical-legal methodology, consisting in an analysis of the judicature of diocesan vicars based on legal sources, supplemented by iconographic, literary and epigraphical sources, and prosopography. He draws on the conclusions resulting from the research of sociologists, sociobiologists, and particularly evolutionary psychologists, with regard to the mechanisms which exerted influence on the evolution of the judiciary of diocesan vicars.