Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia, 2011, Tom XVI
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Browsing Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia, 2011, Tom XVI by Issue Date
Now showing 1 - 20 of 34
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Jednoprzestrzenne kościoły romańskie z terenu Wielkopolski(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Różański, Artur‘Rural’ ecclesiae laicorum have remained mute witnesses of our history; they have been deserted, forgotten and frequently falling into ruin. Single-nave Romanesque churches from the territories of Poland have not been much interest for the scholars of the Middle Ages. A full monograph on such churches from Greater Poland has not been written yet. This remains in a striking opposition to analogues buildings from Western Pomerania, Silesia or the New March. The only incomplete and to a large extent outdated work on this subject is Stanisław Wiliński’s paper Granite village churches of 12th century in Greater Poland or an exiguous paper by Alicja Karłowska- Kamzowa addressing the question of their foundation. The main aim of my book is the presentation of single-nave churches from Greater Poland erected in the period between the second half of the eleventh century and the end of the thirteenth century, in their historical and settlement context. Only churches that have been subject to archeological excavations have been included. Therefore, two factors determined whether a church has been chosen and included in this study: firstly, some archeological excavations must have been carried out within it, and secondly, the church must have played a basic role as a Christianization centre for ‘rural’ areas.Item Szkło w kulturze mieszkańców Poznania od późnego średniowiecza do pierwszej połowy XIX wieku(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Twardosz, BogumiłaThe paper discusses luxury and ordinary glass vessels found during archaeological excavations conducted on several plots on the right and left bank of the Warta river in Poznań. A majority of glassware was discovered in the Szyperska Street, 21, where a big refuse dump was situated. The present paper is based on glass dated from the late Middle Ages to the first half of the 19th century. Glassware from Poznań was classified into 3 groups: table glass, glass storage containers and pharmacy glass. There were fragments of beakers, goblets, tankards, one mug, bowls, jugs, decanters, big bottles, small bottles, one jar, ampoules, phials and one pestle. Table glass fragments showed the greatest diversity of forms. All vessels were made in two basic techniques: socalled “free hand” technique or by blowing into the mould. Some of discovered glass was probably made in Germany, Bohemia, Pomerania, Silesia, Little Poland or Central Poland. Many of them were produced in Polish glassworks.Item Zoomorficzne figurki Anubisa(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Kwiatkowski, KarolZoomorphic figurines of Anubis have usually comprised parts of larger objects such as coffins, shrines and canopic chests. The statuettes were made of wood, stone and sometimes of metal. Typology include three different postures of Anubis. This figurines symbolize a permanent care of the dead body or entrails, because Anubis was giving hope for resurrection and eternal life.Item Błogosławiony Edmund Bojanowski (1814-1871) jako amator archeologii regionalnej. Fragment starożytnictwa w Wielkim Księstwie Poznańskim(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Fogel, JerzyEdmund Bojanowski was a son of the impoverished noble Polish family. He spent most of his life in Grabonog near Gostyń (Great Poland). For a short period of time, he studied human sciences, including archaeology, at German universities in Breslau and Berlin. After returning permanently from abroad, Bojanowski has completely devoted himself to a charitable, educational and religious work with people from rural areas. In June 1839 he carried out archaeological excavations of a multicultural prehistoric cemetery in Grabonog. The results of this project were published in a popular weekly magazine „Przyjaciel Ludu” (see appendix I) in 1842. Edmund Bojanowski was a very active member of Kasyno Gostyńskie, which among others, was interested in patriotic antiquities (see appendix II). As the devoted servant of God, Edmund Bojanowski was personally beatified by Pope John Paul II in Warsaw on June 13, 1999.Item Osadnictwo ma wyspie Thira (Santoryn) od neolitu po późną epokę brązu(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Kufel, MariuszThis article presents a history of the Thera Island occupation in the Neolithic and Bronze Age. Altogether, 13 settlements and 2 cemeteries have been recorded from this period. The island was inhabited until the Late Bronze Age. The most significant centre on the island was surely the town of Akrotiri. At the beginning of the Late Bronze Age, a large eruption of the Santorini volcano took place which ceased the occupation and covered the almost entire island with a thick layer of pumice.Item Środkowoeuropejskie społeczności osad obronnych w 1. poł. II tysiąclecia BC. Studium porównawcze obszarów próbnych(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Jaeger, MateuszThe dissertation is aimed at a description and characterization of the central European societies of fortified settlements in the first half of the 2nd millenium BC. Because of the high number of such sites and different stage of research in particular regions, it was necessary to select the sources. Four trial areas were chosen: Alpine area, south-western Wielkopolska, middle Danube basin and upper Tisa basin. All of them were related to different cultural units: inner-Alpine Bronze Age groups, Unetice culture, Vatya culture and Otomani-Fuzesabony culture. The crucial criteria for selecting trial areas was long research tradition and store of knowledge about fortified settlements characterizing them. In order to show regional variability of the fortified settlements there were described their different aspects. Particular chapters contain information about: economy and natural environment, inner layout, fortifications, metallurgy and chronology. Moreover there was discussed the role and function of the defensive structures in particular regions. In the final chapter the author summarizes the results of his comparative analyses.Item Międzynarodowa konferencja pt. „Szlaki Międzymorza: Bałtyk – Bug – Boh – Pont (od III do połowy I tysiąclecia przed Chr.), Obrzycko, 13-16 października 2008 r.(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Suchowska-Ducke, Paulina; Ignaczak, MarcinItem Przemiany osadnicze w neolicie i początkach epoki brązu w dorzeczu górnej i środkowej Obry. Geografia osadnictwa(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Szydłowski, MarcinThe middle and upper Obra river basin is an environmentally unique area. This large area, located in the vicinity of black soil sheets, is characterized by very favorable conditions for human occupation. The first Neolithic settlements are related to the Linear Band Pottery culture. The most commonly represented Neolithic societies belong to the Funnel Beaker Culture. During the Late Neolithic, the area was less intensively occupied. This process may be related to climate changes. The Early Bronze Age was represented in the middle Obra river basin by the Kościan group of the Unetice culture – a local community with the barrow cemetery in Łęki Małe and the fortified settlement in Bruszczewo. A continuous occupation of this area from the Early Neolithic Age to the Early Bronze Age has been proved.Item Kontakty społeczności Europy Środkowej i strefy egejskiej w II tysiącleciu p.n.e. Próba analizy archeologiczno-chronometrycznej(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Suchowska-Ducke, PaulinaLong-distance contacts, exchange of goods and more organized forms of trade have been a part of human life since the beginning of what is commonly perceived as culture. One reason for this has always been an unequal geographic distribution of desirable raw materials such as obsidian, flint, or metals. Another driving force comprises the construction of social networks through the exchange of extraordinary objects. My work explores the connectivity and cross-cultural communication between the Bronze Age societies, in particular the Mycenaean world and Central Europe. These links are less researched than those between the Eastern Mediterranean societies of the time. The cultural differences between the Mycenaean Greece and Central Europe, along with the diversity of their societies, provide an interesting and strongly debated case study. There are significant differences in opinions on the nature of these relations, their importance, intensity, and range. Archaeological evidence of cross-cultural contacts between Central Europe and the Aegean is rich and diverse. It includes amber, faience, weapons and tools, dress fasteners, personal ornaments and jewellery, metal vessels, Handmade Barbaric Ware, horse harness made of bone and antlers, loaf-of-bread idols and decorative elements, etc. Despite the often unclear context in which these objects and elements have been found, there is a striking similarity of appearance and this shared materiality may indicate shared notions of technology and ideology.Item Skarby kultury Cucuteni w Państwowym Muzeum Archeologicznym w Warszawie. Uwagi na marginesie przejawów zjawiska reanimacji polskich zainteresowań poznawczych wspólnotą kulturową Cucuteni-Trypolie(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Harat, KarolinaThis paper concerns the exhibition „The art and religion in the Stone Age – the Cucuteni culture” and the history of Polish research of the Cucuteni-Tripolye culture.Item VIII Międzynarodowa Interdyscyplinarna Sesja Studentów Archeologii: „Dźwięki kultury. Muzyka jako komunikat w przeszłości” (Puszczykowo, 18-20 grudnia 2006 r.)(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Frąckowiak, MaksymilianItem On grain, bones, and Khabur collapse(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Koliński, RafałA hypothesis on the total collapse of the settlement in Northern Syria at the end of the third millennium BC, put forward in 1993 by Harvey Weiss and his team, is one of the most disputed issues in the protohistoric archaeology of North Mesopotamia. Today it is obvious that the crisis has not been as general as Weiss believed. Also his original explanation of the cause of this event (volcano eruption in the Near East) is generally doubted. The author discusses the present state of knowledge of the archaeology of this period as well as proxy data used for environmental reconstructions, because an environmental crisis is considered to be the most likely cause of the decline in settlement. One of the aims of the paper is to propose new sources for environmental proxies, which may help in the formulation of a more accurate reconstruction of environmental trends in the Near East in general.Item Holoceńskie społeczności zbieracko – łowieckie zachodniej części Niżu Polskiego w kontekście analiz funkcjonalnych inwentarzy krzemiennych(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Pyżewicz, KatarzynaThis PhD project was aimed at presenting selected aspects of daily life of hunter-gathering societies in the western Polish lowlands. It was based on the microscopic analysis of flint artifacts supported by experimental data. The primary method comprised use-wear analysis of lithic surfaces. The interpretation of observed macro- and microtraces was based upon experimental data. The study reveals how flint artifacts were used, what was the relationship between physical actions and traces left on particular tools, and what kind of materials were utilized at the site. The reconstruction of flint hafting as well as identification of several techniques of blank production and tool retouching comprised an integral part of the study. The results of macroscopic and microscopic analysis, conducting experiments, typology and technology as well as raw material attributes made possible to reveal the relation between selection of the material, production technique, artifact forms, and their function. The rationale behind decisions at particular stages of production and utilization of flint artifacts has also been identified. The results of the project contribute to the recognition of behaviour of hunters and gatherers in the Holocene of Central Europe.Item Osadnictwo wczesnośredniowieczne nad Jeziorem Wojnowickim(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Jankowska, DobrochnaThe article aims to present the results of rescue excavations of Early Medieval sites located in the area of the planned reservoir „Wonieść” (Great Poland) and carried out in the years 1976–1980. In particular, the results of excavations of remains of a metallurgical settlement at Wojnowice 2, Osieczna commune, are discussed.Item Badenizacja niżowych ugrupowań kultury pucharów lejkowatych w międzyrzeczu Odry i Wisły: 3600/3500-2400/2350 przed Chr. Podstawy systematyki chronologiczno-przestrzennej(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Przybył, AgnieszkaThe main objective of the dissertation was to discuss, departing from the taxonomical viewpoint, the impact of Baden culture upon the lowlands FBC communities in the Oder and Vistula basins in the period of 3600/3500–2400/2350 BC. The work was conducted within the project „The Great Valley Area of Funnel Beaker Culture Badenization. Carpathian Eneolithic Protocivilization Centre’s Contribution to the Development of the Elbe-Saale and Vistula drainages societies on the threshold of the Early Metal Age”, financed by the Polish Committee for Scientific Research. This project included study of temporal resolution of the youngest FBC societies in the Great Valley area influenced by the protocivilization of Baden societies. Moreover, the identification of representative groups belonging to both cultures has been possible thanks to constructing a register of identifiers of the process in question, including adaptation and transformation of „initial” Baden Culture’s patterns among Kuyavian FBC societies. The project further focused upon synchronization of the lowlands phenomena with the old-highland Badenization processes in the areas of Lesser Poland, Silesia and Moravia. Systematic application of radiocarbon dating made the project particularly remarkable achievement. Altogether, 33 samples have been dated. Thanks to this method, it was possible to define a chronological position of taxons connected with the phenomena related to the Badenization process of the lowlands in three research areas: Kuyavia (mainly), Northern Greater Poland and Lower Silesia (auxiliary data). The project results contributed to the debate on the role of the Baden patterns in the latitudinal system of cultural ties in the Great Valley area between the Elbe-Saale and Vistula rivers. As these phenomena have not yet been satisfactorily recognized, especially in Greater Poland and in the Elbe river basin, a complex comparative analysis, making possible a systematic conceptualization of the process, has not been feasible. The project made possible to capture a historical context of the process of Badenization in the Great Valley zone and identified further research directions. These comprise multidimensional studies of the late and final phase in the development of Funnel Beaker Culture and the emergence of the early Bronze Age civilization in the Great Valley areas.Item Kulturowy charakter czasu i przestrzeni. Analiza średniowiecznego i wczesnorenesansowego elitarnego budownictwa mieszkalnego i obronnego w Irlandii(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Kiarszys, GrzegorzThe main goal of my PhD thesis is socio-cultural interpretation of architectural space in Medieval Irish castles. Furthermore, I intend to discuss the way archaeologists think and write about the past. The first part of the PhD thesis is an attempt to define my own understanding of concepts such as memory, tradition, culture, society, social order, power, architecture, cultural spacetime, language, and narration. The idea of the past is not only concerned with past events. Its picture is created by present perception and future expectations. These play a key role in the way in which we create cause and effect relationships, which is to provide foundations for the structure of past narratives. Consequently, our idea of the past and its meaning shifts dynamically according to our expectations and social context. This is also fundamental for constructing cultural identity. In archaeology, this problem has a form of relationships between archaeological data and the past. I believe artefacts can only be seen as an inspiration for different pictures of the past created by archaeologists. They may have lost their connection with the past and become an element of the present context. The second part of my PhD thesis concerns social relations in Medieval society. This is based upon analysis of the elite architecture in Ireland. The most important research issueconcerns the meaning of architectural space in castles. This comprises the followingquestions: How did the architecture reflect social status of its inhabitants? In what ways might the arrangement of the interior have influenced social practice? What was the perception of elite architecture by non-elite groups? The cultural construction of architectural time and space is related to social order and group identity. I believe that searching for meaning of the symbolism involves thinking about castles as a metaphor of theatre or stage of social life. We need to understand not only the symbolic meaning of every individual detail but also their mutual relationships and purpose. There are approximately 3,500 castles in Ireland surviving to the present day. The late Medieval Ireland was possibly the most heavily castellated part of Western Europe. Numerous and constant wars between the Anglo-Norman aristocracy and the indigenous Gaelic Chieftains led to social unrest and anxiety. It was also one of the main reasons for the rapid development of castles. History of architecture can be considered as a history of human society. Changes of style and design are in fact often related to social conflict, which not only gives impetus to the development of the art but can also be destructive. Irish castles are indicative of such conflict.Item Od nadwarciańskiego matecznika ku archeologii pogranicza Zachodu i Wschodu Europy(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Kośko, AleksanderItem Badania Instytutu Prahistorii UAM w Poznaniu na Tell Arbid (północno-wschodnia Syria) w latach 2008-2009(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Koliński, RafałIn 2008 a new research project has been launched by the Institute of Prehistory, Adam Mickiewicz University of Poznań in the framework of Polish-Syrian Archaeological Mission to Tell Arbid. The objective of the project is to make extensive clearance of the remains identified previously in Sector SR at Tell Arbid as belonging to the post-Akkadian period (ca. 2150-2000 BC), a period of alleged abandonment and cultural collapse in the north-eastern part of Syria. Two seasons of fieldwork resulted in extensive exposure of the post-Akkadian structures, including several buildings, household and industrial installations (pottery kiln) as well as some graves. Among the findings, a considerable number of copper/bronze tools, implements and jewelry pieces are worth mentioning; the presence of numerous artifacts of copper/bronze and of a sandstone casting mould is suggestive of presence of a foundry at the site. Beside the post-Akkadian remains, an overlying level belonging to Habur Ware period (ca 1800-1700 BC) was explored. It featured mainly foundations of houses as well as a considerable number of graves dug into the surface of the tell. Among the graves, three family chamber graves stand out, because of their well-preserved construction, including a vaulted chamber, and an entrance shaft protected by a retention wall. One of these graves yielded a rich set of burial gifts, including weapons and other implements of copper/bronze, more than dozen pottery vessels and over 200 beads, as well as some semi-precious stones. Work at the site will be continued in 2010.Item Wykaz prac magisterskich, doktorskich i habilitacyjnych zrealizowanych w Instytucie Prahistorii UAM w latach 2003-2007 (sygnatury biblioteki Instytutu Prahistorii UAM)(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Walkiewicz, JolantaItem Społeczna interpretacja wybranych wczesnośredniowiecznych cmentarzysk rzędowych w perspektywie gender studies i lifecycle analysis(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2011) Błaszczyk, DariuszThe study consists of two parts. The first part comprises analysis and social interpretation of archaeological and anthropological burial data from selected early medieval row cemeteries located in the catchment area of the Odra and Vistula rivers. The second part has a form of appendix of sample burials used for analysis and interpretation carried out in the project (altogether 2286 burials from 29 cemeteries). The conducted analysis aimed at recognizing the past social system in terms of constructing and expressing gender relations and their position within the lifecycle in the early Medieval society from the period between the 10th and 13th century AD in Poland. This attempt is based on the premise that death and associated funerary rites are most of all social events. Therefore, the funeral rites, along with associated material remains, may to some extent reflect social phenomena. The dissertation starts with an overview of the early Medieval burial customs and their changes over time, focusing primarily on the inhumation burial rite and row cemeteries. It is followed by presenting basic categories of gender and lifecycle studies. This section comprises also a possibility of applying both concepts for interpretation of archaeological and anthropological data from cemeteries. The next section involves analysis of available empirical materials from the Medieval row cemeteries and is aimed to identify and define the rules for treatment the dead according to sex and age. The following elements of burial rites have been taken into consideration: a placement of the burial in cemetery, grave construction, grave goods, etc. A special interest has been focused upon burial rules practiced at row cemeteries in reference to atypical burials.