Studia Rossica Posnaniensia, Nr 35 (2010)
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Item Демократизация русского языка и разрушение стилистических категорий в начале ХIХ и ХХI веков(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Pieriewołoczanskaja, SwietłanaThe process of language democratization happening in the broad context is culture democratization. This process often manifests itself in the attempt to release from strict, rigid norms. Stylistic confusion leads to appearance of synthesis, harmony of the middle style. The middle style appears as an invariant of styles, as “a substratum of a new literary language”. The quest for creative expression forms is provided with the aspiration to choosing expressive linguistic means. Phenomena of barbarization, vulgarization, deliberate pun verge on abnormality, opposition norm ↔ non norm.Item Концепт „счастье” в языковой картине мира поляков и россиян. Диахронический (паремиологический) и синхронический (ассоциативный) аспекты(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Rodziewicz, BarbaraThe article shows the realization of the concept of happiness as a unit of the axiological system in Polish and Russian paremiology and in the newest associatable dictionaries. Verbalization of the concept of happiness, in both proverbs and sayings, as well as in linguistic awareness of contemporary Polish and Russian people, mirrors the ideas about basic and desired existential values as an integral part of the culture and the concept of the ideal of a unit, a social group and the whole nation.Item „Nomina actionis” с новыми интернациональными формантами в русском языке эпохи постмодерна (в сопоставлении с польским и чешским языками)(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Koriakowcewa, ElenaThe article undertakes to show that in great measure the derivation of neologisms, including nomina abstracta, in Russian and in other Slavic languages links with morphological internalization and “linguistic globalization” processes. Nomina abstracta of Russian, Polish, Czech and other Slavic languages in the situation of the lingual contacting for some time past are used as an illustrative material. Some peculiarities stipulated by the influence of the contacting language are distinguished. This reflects on the lexical composition of international words, international elements of diverse derivative activity, changes in the morphemic structure of nomina abstracta in particular.Item Концепт „время” в русском и польском языковом пространстве (на материале русских и польских фразеологизмов с компонентом „время”/„czas” и „день”/ „dzień”)(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Sitarski, AndrzejAn increase of interest in the cognitive approach to language studies may be observed in today’s linguistics. The approach appears with a special consideration paid to the anthropocentric and the axiological paradigms. The author of the article pays special attention to the subjective aspect of the concept of time fixed in the Russian and Polish phrases with the lexical components time and day. On the basis of the conducted analysis it can be concluded that time is interpreted through human experience and emotions. In everyday life time is measured by means of various units, including the one defined by the word day. The fact that time is presented anthropomorphically appears conspicuous. Time emerges in language not just as an abstract notion but rather as an active subject, characterized by various semantic and stylistic connotations.Item „Дружба” и „друг” в языковой картине мира (на материале паремиологических трансформ)(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Szutkowski, TomaszIn the paper, based on the material of paremiological units (proverbs, aphorisms, phrases), concepts of friendship and friend have been discussed. The carried out analyses afforded more accurate observation of the language picture of the world in the social communication, whose base – in that case – was friendship which was so richly established in the European aphoristics. Via transformations of established paremiological constructions the users of Russian language included in them not rarely very critical view of the modern interpersonal relations.Item „Nomina instrumenti” c суффиксом „к(а)” в современном русском языке(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Kuligowska, KatarzynaThe purpose of the article is to present the status of the derivational category nomina instrumenti in the light of cognitive linguistics. The adoption of the prototype approach allows to broaden the category nomina instrumenti by the names, which have been often excluded from it. The results of structural and semantic analysis of nomina instrumenti with the suffix -k(a) in the contemporary Russian language have been presented.Item Образование экспрессивных существительных в смоленских говорах и в польском языке(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Gałant, SwietłanaPresently we experience favorable condition for comparative study of Smolensk region dialects and Polish language due to publishing of Smolensk region dialects vocabulary with a rich dialect contents. The paper will present a comparison of word formation structures of Smolensk region dialects and modern Polish language. Word formation comparison of expressive nouns, subjective assessment suffixes, word formation models typical for both Slavic languages and language-specific will be covered in necessary details.Item „Трудолюбив, как немец, и легкомыслен, как поляк” (концепты русского обыденного сознания „немцы” и „поляки” по данным „Национального корпуса русского языка”)(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Fiedosjuk, MichaiłThe object of the paper is a comparison of two concepts of Russian common consciousness: “Germans” and “Poles”. To this effect the combinative power of Russian words German and Pole according to electronic Russian National Corpus (http://www. ruscorpora.ru/) was analyzed. The use of these words in such constructions as “As + qualitative adjective + as a German / Pole” (as careful as a German; as courteous as a Pole, etc.); “German / Pole + adjectival noun” (a German pedantry; a Polish sweetness, etc.); “Qualitative adjective + Germans / Poles” (punctual Germans; coquettish Polish women, etc.) demonstrates ethno cultural stereotypes, typical for Russian ordinary consciousness. These stereotypes should be taken into account in the process of intercultural communication.This paper deals with the slang derivations of the modern Russian language, related to the notions of “иностранец”, “инородец”, “провинциал”, “провинция”. Key aspects of the analysis of these language units are the aspects of word formation and the Russian language, due to the permanent extralinguistic factors, there is a large number of expressive ethnonyms.The area of their distribution is the sphere of the various social dialects, hence they get into general use (for example, in colloquial language). Our task is to identify how the derivational features of these formations determine their emotional and expressive color.Item Словообразовательные инновации в современных российских СМИ(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Raciburskaja, LarysaThe article is devoted to the problem of reflection of social changes in Russia in the derivatives of mass-media. Many new word formation processes are thoroughly investigated and richly illustrated here.Item Эмоция страха как одно из средств языковой манипуляции (на примерах текстов современной русской прессы)(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Małecki, ŁukaszChanges in political and social life, determined by the influence of mass-media, create a large space for manipulation. The purpose of the paper was to analyze texts that contain and perform persuasive (manipulation) function. The author presents one kind of persuasion which is based on the influence of emotions – first of all the influence of fear. The relation between the emotion of fear and language manipulation has been exemplified on publicistic texts.Item Эмоционально-оценочная лексика как результат семантического словообразования(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Nikołajewa, TatianaIn the article the system character of semantic transformation is proved on the material of emotional-estimated lexicon. The author confirms the position of Kazan linguistic school – a new meaning presumes a new self-functioning word. The investigator offers a scheme of interpretation of semantic derivatives in a specialized dictionary.Item Заметки о статусе предложной единицы(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Lachur, CzesławOne of primary tasks within recently intensified research on Slavic prepositions is compiling a full corpus of units that can function as prepositions in specific circumstances, and their versatile characteristics in the particular Slavic languages. This paper is yet another contribution to studies on the Polish component of the Slavic system of secondary prepositions.Item О некоторых аспектах польско-русского межкультурного диалога: „rossica” в стратегической позиции газетного текста(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Sarnowski, MichałIn this article the Russian words and phrases playing the role of Polish newspaper headlines are discussed. They are considered here from the point of view of their typology and grammatical correctness.Item „Инастрики” и „тундрюки” в современном русском сленге: деривационный и стилистический аспекты сленговых номинаций иностранцев и провинциалов(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Chabibullina, ElenaThis paper deals with the slang derivations of the modern Russian language, related to the notions of “иностранец”, “инородец”, “провинциал”, “провинция”. Key aspects of the analysis of these language units are the aspects of word formation and the Russian language, due to the permanent extralinguistic factors, there is a large number of expressive ethnonyms.The area of their distribution is the sphere of the various social dialects, hence they get into general use (for example, in colloquial language). Our task is to identify how the derivational features of these formations determine their emotional and expressive color.Item Русские глагольные омографы(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Kaliszan, JerzyThe article is devoted to the study of Russian verbal homographs such as икать – икать, насыпать – насыпать, белите – белите. The author thoroughly investigates all kinds of verbal homographic oppositions existing in contemporary Russian.Item Лингвистический портрет слова „чиновник”(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Frołowa, OlgaThe article deals with the semantics and usage of the word chinovnic (official). The author views “the behavior” of this noun in the Russian texts of 18th–19th and 20th, 21st c. The investigation is based on the materials of Russian National Corpus (ruscorpora.ru). In the texts of 18th–19th c. the noun is used in a model “noun + proper name”, but in the modern use this model is lost, the noun chinovnic draws closer to the noun bureaucrat (pedant). In the article the main and peripheral senses of the noun chinownis are described: hired labor, disinterested attitude, lack of individuality. Native speakers of modern Russian avoid too negative descriptions contained in the word bureaucrat, which are perceived as too negative and prefer to use ambiguous noun such as chinovnic.Item Межкультурная коммуникативная компетенция и социальная лингводидактика(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Siatkowski, StanisławIn the era of the electronic information revolution the growth of the information society, functioning and competing natural and artificial languages, new tasks connected with more and more effective intercultural (and interdisciplinary) complementary study of theory and practice problems of teaching foreign languages in proper connection with the development of new information technologies (algorithms) for language data processing have appeared. The role of these tasks and problems will be, no doubt, increasing as a result of the rapid influx of language information and needs to overcome more and more effectively and quickly the language barriers. Under these conditions caused by nowadays as well as future demands and challenges, presented in our paper social methodology in language teaching may be of crucial importance as the new theory and practice of teaching foreign languages.Item Языковая картина мира в наименованиях одежды (на материале севернорусских говоров(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Kryłowa, OlgaIn the article lexical units of a lexical set “Clothes” are regarded. Attempt to reveal the motivation attributes put into the basis of nominations is undertaken, and to interpret them as display of language consciousness of dialect owners. Observing the names of women's clothes shows that local tinge and specificity of the same lexico-semantic group in the Russian dialectal system is attained by various combinations of many components: motivating features, nomination means, motivation basis. Semantic specificity of some lexical groups including the group of women's clothes names is shown first of all in particular qualities of their nomination: in connection of motivating features with a certain group, in using different motivating features for naming the same object or the same motivating feature for naming different objects.Item Несколько замечаний об ономастическом статусе отапеллятивных личных имен в русской антропонимии XVI века(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Osmańska, MonikaThe article is devoted to the personal names derived from the appellatives, particularly to the question of their belonging to the anthroponymical categories of “name” and “nickname”. Special attention has been given to the issue of presence and functioning of so called intrafamilial names in the old Russian anthroponimical system after the embracement of Christianity. The author attempts to formulate the criteria which would allow to distinguish between names and nicknames and presents the results of the analysis of 2096 separate anthropolexemes drawn from 16th century clerical texts.Item Функционально-семантические различия служебных компонентов именного и глагольного сказуемого(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2010) Popowa, LarysaIn the article are considered service components of analytical predicates (nominal and verbal). Despite presence the general attributes (service role in structure of a predicate, incomplete meaning, expression of predicative values), these components carry out different functions and possess specialized values. Distinctions of these verbs are caused by degree of the nominative importance, position in clause, functional loading, character of typical values (phase and modal), syntagmatic features.