Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny, 2009, nr 1
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Item CHARAKTER PRAWNY WSPÓŁUCZESTNICTWA PROCESOWEGO POSIADACZA POJAZDU MECHANICZNEGO I UBEZPIECZYCIELA W PROCESIE ODSZKODOWAWCZYM Z TYTUŁU OBOWIĄZKOWEGO UBEZPIECZENIA ODPOWIEDZIALNOŚCI CYWILNEJ(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009) Mucha, JoannaThe purpose of the paper is to establish the legal nature of the relationship between the insurer and the insured party as defendants in an action for damages instigated by the injured party. The specificity of that relationship is considered in the light of substantive law from the point of view of limited solidarity and the principle of indiividual liability of the defendants These considerations take into account the characteristics of different kinds of joint participation in civil law proceedings. The analysis of the above has led to a conclusion that joint participation in a dispute between the insurer and the insured is a substantive joint participation based on a common obligation with a partly different factual and legal basis, and in consequence the sentance can be different for either of the defendents.Item OCENA GMINNYCH INSTRUMENTÓW WSPIERANIA PRZEDSIĘBIORCZOŚCI(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009) Flieger, MichałThe paper focuses on the importance o f local communities development and defines the notion of entrepreneurship. Development of the local economy is one of the most important elements of local development, and a municipality exercises a direct role in the process. Legal grounds that enable a municipality to carry out that task are presented. The manner in which a municipality influences the conditions in which business activity is performed depends on the strategy a given municipality has adopted. Proper management and stimulation of the municipal economy requires understanding of its situation and possibilities of its development as well as the accessibility of the tools and instruments that will effectively contribute to the achievement of those goals. The author divides those entrepreneurship support tools into financial and non-financial, and asserts their efficiency on the basis of empirical studies performed on a sample of six municipalities and 32 enterprises. It has been found that the most effective are instruments that positively influence the financial result of companies. To those belong tax relieves and exemptions from property taxes, development of the industrial land, lower tax on transport vehicles and investments in road construction. Non-financial instruments include: stability of the municipal tax policy, openness to new investment projects, easy access to technical infrastructure, participation of local entrepreneurs in local investment planning, and creation of fast track investment projects. An important factor is the attitude of the municipality governance to local entrepreneurs and their role in the local community. Only effective business and entrepreneurship support achieved using the available support tools may secure a municipality a long term competitive advantage and a lasting competitive edge.Item WSPOMNIENIE O PROFESORZE DR. HAB. ANDRZEJU CHOBOCIE(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009) Niedbała, ZdzisławItem SPRAWOZDANIA I INFORMACJE. DNI SOCJOLOGA. Poznań, 17 października 2008 r.(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009) Chajbos, Katarzyna; Rosińska, MonikaItem PRZEGLĄD PIŚMIENNICTWA(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009) Kordela, MarzenaJacek Sadomski, Konflikt zasad — ochrona dóbr osobistych a wolność prasy, Instytut Wymiaru Sprawiedliwości, Oficyna Naukowa, Warszawa 2008, ss. 377.Item PROBLEM ZGODNOŚCI KODEKSU ETYKI LEKARSKIEJ Z KONSTYTUCJĄ RP(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009) Korytowska, AnnaThe question whether the Code of Medical Ethics is an element of the binding legal system of the Republic of Poland has been the bone of contention in the doctrine and jurisdiction. Two different views have emerged in the course of the discussion on the essence of the medical ethics code - one claiming that the code, as a normative act, belongs to the established legal system, and the other, proposing that it should be seen as nothing more than a set of rules on ethics which are of no legal character and therefore do not constitute an integral part of the legal system. Recently the Constitutional Court has once again taken a stance with regards the nature of the medical ethic code and its relation to the Constitution and ruled that its status falls outside the scope of the Constitution. However, this decision must be seen as an apparent solution of the question of the constitutionality of the code. The Code of Medical Ethics is still used and functions as a typical legal norm, although Poland’s Constitution does not provide for a normative act to function outside the legal order it has sanctioned. Consequently, where the Code of Medical Ethics may create direct legal consequences, particularly in the professional liability sphere, this should lead to the pronunciation of the unconstitutionality of the code as being a normative act not provided for in the constitutional legal order.Item UWAGI O „ZŁOTEJ REGULE” AKUMULACJI KAPITAŁU RZECZOWEGO I LUDZKIEGO W KONTEKŚCIE ZAGADNIENIA MAKSYMALIZACJI DOBROBYTU(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009) Pietraszewski, PiotrThe subject of the paper is social welfare maximisation in a neoclassical model of economic growth, extended by the accumulation of human capital. After introducing the model and characterising the behaviour of the economic system on the so-called balanced growth path, Phelps’ “golden rule of accumulation” is used to establish the values of the rates of investments (into real and human capital) maximising the level o f the long-term growth path of per capita consumption. At the same time the analytical limitations o f this conception in the context of the welfare maximisation is shown. Overcoming those limitations necessitates a direct reference to the preferences of individual economic agents over (per capita) consumption streams. Realisation of this demand finds its formal expression in formulating and solving a dynamic optimisation problem, based on the initial growth model. Finally, this procedure serves to find the specific character o f preferences of individual agents, in the light of which the values of investment rates resulting from Phelps’ rule are the optimal values (on the balanced growth path), for the achievement of which, according to the model, the economy should strive.Item PRZEGLĄD PIŚMIENNICTWA(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009) Kowalczyk, MaciejPrawnicy, red. Andrzej Gulczyński „Kronika Miasta Poznania”, 2008 nr 3, Wydawnictwo Miejskie, ss. 428.Item CYKLE REPRESYJNOŚCI W STANACH ZJEDNOCZONYCH AMERYKI PÓŁNOCNEJ I UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ A POPULIZM(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009) Stępniak, PiotrThe paper is an attempt to compare factors that are conducive to populist movements observed in the United States, the European Union and Poland, and to identify the influence they have on the State’s penal policy. The analysis is made against the background o f the current state of repression which followed the terrorist attacks in the US on 11 September 2001 and resulted in a new political, economic and social situation. Those events had an impact on the social will to institute a more severe penal system in each o f the analysed states. However, the reasons for populist attidudes present in the EU member states are weaker than in the US. As a result, their penal, or represson system today is less punitive. Those deliberations on the American and European populist movement have triggered off the question why such populist ideas are engaged in arguments proposing a more severe penal system in Poland. The results o f empirical studies show that Poland’s current system o f penal repression cannot be justified by the populist attitudes of the Polish society whose will to penalise is not as strong as in other states. It seems that in Poland today penal policy has become a subject o f political manipulation where less politically sophisticated public opinion is used to justify its decisions.Item PRZESTRZEŃ I CZAS JAKO DETERMINANTY POLITYKI GOSPODARCZEJ(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009) Deszczyński, PrzemysławSpace and time are the determinants o f the economic policy o f a state. Within their framework there occur far reaching changes whose common ground is evolving globalisation. In the case of space, the issue concerns the progressing loss of state sovereignty in its own territory and subjects functioning in it. This phenomenon may be described a process of deterritorialisation. In a globalisation environment, particularly at the turn o f the 20th and 21st century, the time factor has a very dynamic influence. As a result, the scope o f changes which take place within one generation exceeds all limits and calls for a redefinition of the previous development paradigm. The paper discusses those issues, referring to selected examples of creating an economic policy, with special focus on such countries as Germany, Poland, China and India.Item Spis treści(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009)Item PRZEGLĄD PIŚMIENNICTWA(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009) Sachajko, MarekWyłączenia grupowe spod zakazu porozumień ograniczających konkurencję we Wspólnocie Europejskiej i w Polsce, red. Agata Jurkowska, Tadeusz Skoczny, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa 2008, ss. 576.Item SZLACHECTWO NIE ZOBOWIĄZUJE ZMIANY WE WZORACH KONSUMPCJI KULTUROWEJ(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009) Strzyczkowski, KonstantyThe paper is an attempt to examine the concepts that associate cultural tastes with different social backgrounds. In Pierre Bourdieu’s theory, preferences concerning cultural consumption are coordinated by a habitus that is inherent to each social class. This, in turn, leads to the homogeneity of cultural choices, which is a primary condition for a distinctive lifestyle. In consequence, different lifestyles participate in a hierarchy that resembles the social hierarchy. Hence the conclusion that the most legitimate cultural choices (made within a highbrow culture) remain in the competence of privileged groups, possessing sufficient cultural and economic capital to undertake them. Recent research into the culture consumption include the revision of such a view. Richard Peterson and others point out to the phenomenon of cultural omnivorousness. As he discovers, people of higher social status, contrary to the elite-mass model, do not show aversion to activities associated with popular culture. The main aim of this paper is to present the results of the latest research concerning this new trend in cultural consumption, to identify its causes, and to propose its possible interpretations.Item NEKROLOGI. PROFESOR DR HAB. WACŁAW WILCZYŃSKI (1923-2008)(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009) Ratajczak, MarekItem KLAUZULA GENERALNA „DOBRYCH OBYCZAJÓW” - UJĘCIE TEORETYCZNE(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009) Żurawik, ArturThe general clause of “good morals” is currently one of the most popular general clauses referred to by the Polish legislator. However, due to scarce literature on that subject, the knowledge of it is superficial and there is no agreement as to how it should be understood. The same problem was observed in the judicial decisions which lacked a uniform approach. The paper systemises the conceptions that have been formed so far, analysing their shortcomings and flows. On that basis, the author presents his own understanding of the clause of “good morals”.Item PRZEGLĄD PIŚMIENNICTWA(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009) Sobczak, KarolinaTomasz Tokarski, Matematyczne modele przedsiębiorstwa, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, Kraków 2008, ss. 230.Item BANK CENTRALNY WOBEC KWESTII STABILNOŚCI SYSTEMU FINANSOWEGO(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009) Kałuzińska, ViolettaFinancial markets and institutions perform the essential function in an economy of channelling funds to those individuals or companies that have productive investment opportunities. If the financial system does not perform this role well, then the economy cannot operate efficiently and economic growth is severely hampered60. Sustainable economic growth requires intermediary channels to allocate funds efficiently. The economics literature on financial repression demonstrates that underdevelopment of a country’s financial sector is an important reason for the poor state of its economy. In the last twenty years, countries all over the world have experienced severe bouts of financial instability. Banking crises have become frighteningly common and have struck some economies with devastating effects. This drew public attention to the question of the financial system stability, which is a term used to refer to a state in which the financial system functions properly, and participants, such as firms and individuals, have confidence in the system. The role of the financial stability for an economy cannot be overestimated. In should treated be as a common good and the centre of attention of policymakers throughout the world. 59Item ODPOWIEDZIALNOŚĆ UCZESTNIKÓW KORPORACYJNYCH ORGANIZACJI KOMERCYJNYCH W PRAWIE ROSYJSKIM(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009) Moskwa, Leopold; Rovnyy, Valery V.A comprehensive analysis o f the liability of members of the Russian Federation of commercial corporate organisations for the obligations of those organisations requires focusing on three sets of rules: 1) the basic rules which usually determine the issue of the liability of the members of a given commercial organisation for its obligations, 2) the rules that deal with the liability o f members within the frames of the contributions that have not been actually made, 3) the rules that pertain to the liability of parent companies for the obligations of their daughter companies. Without a shadow o f a doubt, the first set of rules is of a primary character. Relying on the main of those rules, one may conclude that the liability of partners in general partnerships and members of limited liability companies and joint-stock companies is rather standardised - partners in general partnerships have unlimited liability, i.e. are liable with their all property, for the obligations of a partnership, while shareholders are not at all liable for the obligations o f companies. It is interesting to note that in a limited partnership, general partners are liable for the obligations of a partnership pursuant to the same rules as partners in general partnerships. Specific rules do not determine, however, the issue of liability of the limited partners. In connection therewith - based on the general rule - one should conclude that limited partners are not liable for the obligations of a partnership and, hence, the creditors of the latter may not direct their claims towards the personal estate of the limited partners. A rather unique situation exists in companies with supplementary liability and producer’s co-operatives, the participants of which (members or partners) are liable for the obligations of the organisation in a limited manner: in companies with supplementary liability - up to the level determined in the incorporation documents, which is based on the multiplication o f the contributions made, and in the producer’s co-operatives - up to the level determined in the Act on the Producer’s Co-operatives and in the statutes of a given co-operative.Item UWAGI O WYKŁADNI PRAWA CYWILNEGO(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009) Radwański, ZbigniewThe paper is a polemics with the conception that i f the application o f a linguistic interpretation of a civil law provision uniformly denotes its meaning, such an interpretation is absolutely binding and precludes any referral to the method, systematic or functional, of that interpretation. The author postulates that in either o f those situations, all three methods of interpretation must be used in order to achieve a reconstruction o f a given legal norm. Therefore it cannot be excluded that the meaning of the norm reconstructed on the basis o f the systematic and functional method, may be different from what can be achieved based on the linguistic provision only. The most recent judicial decisions of the Supreme Court seem to follow that concept.Item SPRAWOZDANIA I INFORMACJE. SPOTKANIE W 40 ROCZNICĘ ŚMIERCI PROFESORA MARIANA ZIMMERMANNA(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2009) Gulczyński, Andrzej