Przegląd Prawa Rolnego, 2015 Nr 2 (17)
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Item Drugie niemiecko-polskie kolokwium „Prawo żywnościowe – nowe wyzwania i perspektywy” („Lebensmittelrecht – neue Herausforderungen und Perspektiven”), Poznań, 28-29 maja 2015 r.(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Sokołowski, Łukasz MikołajItem Jeszcze o potrzebie prawnego uregulowania dzierżawy rolniczej w Polsce. ANEKS: Projekt ustawy o dzierżawie rolniczej(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Suchoń, AnetaIn this article the author explains why, in the context of the draft paper on rural devel-opment submitted to the Polish parliament by the Agricultural and Rural Development Committee, and the recent lease regulations in many European states, is also necessary for a law on agricultural lease to be adopted in Poland as well. First, the regulation of agricultural lease in selected European states is presented, followed by an analysis of a draft law submitted to the Polish parliament (Sejm) in February 2015. The law on agricultural lease has not yet been adopted but its draft constitutes an excellent basis that may be treated as a springboard for further legislative work on that matter which the current Sejm should address.Item Nowe rozwiązania dotyczące podziału gospodarstw rolnych(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Kremer, ElżbietaThe new Act of 5 August 2015 on the Shaping of the Agricultural Regime, while leaving intact the existing instruments available so far, has introduced some new solutions regarding, among other things, the permissibility of dividing agricultural holdings. Three basic issues have been thus analysed: (i) determination of the scope of the subject of the regulation applicable to the division of agricultural holdings, (ii) the assessment of the adopted catalogue of premises permitting division of an agricultural holding, and (iii) a pos-sibility of determining, using the existing regulations, whether an intended transfer of an agricultural holding will be compatible with the principles governing the permissibility of a division of a holding. In the concluding remarks it is noted that the new regulation is not free from defects and will result, inter alia, in far reaching restrictions of the trading in agricultural land.Item Obrót dzierżawny w świetle nowej ustawy o kształtowaniu ustroju rolnego(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Suchoń, AnetaThe considerations presented in the article aim to establish the impact of the regula-tions of the new Act of 5 August 2015 on the Shaping of the Agricultural Regime on lease contracts. The main focus is put on the analysis of the subject of and parties to an agricul-tural land lease contract, its form and registration. It is stated that some of the solutions may have a negative impact on lease contracts as they require too many formalities to be taken care of when entering into lease contracts. Taking into account the freedom to enter into contracts principle, invalidation of a contract in the absence of its notarised form seems to be wrong. Here, an introduction of an ad eventum form seems more appropriate, leaving a notarised contract (deed) for larger portions of land (e.g. 5 ha). Other amend-ments also seem necessary, and the article ends with a postulate to that end.Item Pierwszeństwo w nabyciu nieruchomości z Zasobu Własności Rolnej Skarbu Państwa(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Perzyna, AndrzejThe aim of the article is to present the pre-emptive right in the acquisition of land from the agricultural resources owned by the State Treasury in light of the amendments introduced by the Act of 5 August 2015 on the Shaping of the Agricultural Regime. The amendments deprive former owners of agricultural and their heirs of the right of first re-fusal. A prohibition to sell or establish a mortgage on purchased land is also introduced. Another novelty is a prohibition to engage in agricultural activity conducted in person on the purchased land. The new Act obliges the seller to invite tenders in a limited invitation to buy if the land in question belongs to the Resources of the State Treasury and where a transaction has been completed in breach of the provisions of this Act, it must be de-clared invalid. The concluding statement is that the amendments being introduced by the said Act have a considerable impact not only on the exercise of the pre-emptive right, but the fundamental rules of trading in state agricultural land as well.Item Planowanie przestrzenne wobec współczesnych tendencji rozwoju obszarów wiejskich(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Goździewicz-Biechońska, JustynaThe aim of this paper was to establish whether spatial planning law in Poland meets the challenges of the contemporary trends in the development of rural areas. The latter frequently leads to a number of undesired phenomena such as disordered and uncontrolled urbanisation, spontaneous and unorderly growth of towns and related to it peripheral disadvantages and depopulation of villages. Valuable environment locations must be preserved which is of particular importance today, in the context of a wider use of renewable energy resources. It is pointed out in this paper that spatial planning at the municipality level is considered to be the most adequate method of regulation and intervention in economic, social and environmental matters. However, a necessary condition for effective spatial planning is a working regulatory system. The existing spatial planning and regulations in Poland are not adequate to meet the challenges of the current needs and multifunctional development of urban areas, and must be thoroughly reformed.Item Prawne aspekty przeciwdziałania marnowaniu żywności(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Leśkiewicz, KatarzynaThis article tackles wastage of food and aims to evaluate whether the currently bind-ing and applicable regulations as well as the planned ones are or will be capable of coun-teracting this phenomenon effectively. The reasons why food is wasted are discussed and related subjects identified. It is concluded that although the existing regulation is adequate-ly constructed and allows for food assistance to those in need in acompliance with the un-derstanding of resolution 223/14, i.e. using it as a tool in the battle against food wastage, the legal regulation of the phenomenon and many related areas remain underregulated and are unsatisfactory. There is a chance though that the new Act on Counteracting Food Wastage that is being drafted, despite some shortcomings, will help to improve the situation.Item Prawo nabycia w świetle nowej ustawy o kształtowaniu ustroju rolnego(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Stańko, MarekThe subject of the paper is an analysis of the provision of Article 4 of the new Act of 5 August 2015 on the Shaping of the Agricultural Regime. The results of the study show that the mechanisms shaping the agricultural regime must be once again revised, including the ‘right to acquire’ land. The regulation of Article 10 of the 2015 Act has not removed or clarified the doubts arising from the provision of the 2013 Act on the Shaping of Agricul-tural Regime. Thus a question may be asked whether the right of acquisition is an effective tool for the shaping of the agricultural regime, especially since it has been very infre-quently resorted to by the Agency for Agricultural Land. Another question concerns the rationale for exempting close relatives from the right to acquire, or whether the right of acquisition should not be restricted in some other way. The paper ends with a recommen-dation that legislative work be commenced with a wider and more complex approach to the Act on the Shaping of the Agricultural Regime.Item Przegląd orzecznictwa - Wybrane zagadnienia z problematyki rolnej w orzecznictwie sądowym - Orzecznictwo Sądu Najwyższego w prawach dotyczących stosunków rolnych w 2013 r.(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Truszkiewicz, ZymuntItem Przegląd orzecznictwa - Z orzecznictwa Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej - Wyrok TSUE z 6 września 2011 r. w sprawie C-442/09 – Karl Heinz Bablok i inni przeciwko Bayerischer Verwaltungsgerichtshof(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Różański, KrzysztofItem Przegląd piśmiennictwa - „Agrar- und Umweltrecht”(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Marcinkowski, MichałItem Przegląd piśmiennictwa - „Revista de Derecho Agrario y Alimentario”(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Różański, KrzysztofItem Przegląd Piśmiennictwa - „Revue de Droit Rural”(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Gadkowski, AleksanderItem Przegląd Piśmiennictwa - „Rivista di Diritto Agrario”(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Leśkiewicz, KatarzynaItem Przegląd piśmiennictwa. - „Diritto e Giurisprudenza Agraria, Alimentare e dell’Ambiente”(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Wyjatek, MichałItem Sąsiedzkie prawo pierwokupu a struktura gruntowa polskich gospo-darstw rolnych – panaceum czy pandemonium?(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Blajer, PawełThe article tackles the issue of the neighbour’s right of first refusal introduced to the legislation by the Act of 5 August 2015 on the Shaping of the Agricultural Regime. The aim of the deliberations was to confront this new, under Polish law, institution with solu-tions that have been for long operational in Italy and Spain. The research also took into account some premises of the regulation, in particular the manner in which it will be im-plemented. The results of the analysis are expected to answer the question formulated in the title of the article, whether the neighbour’s right of first refusal is an effective tool for the shaping of a proper agrarian structure of Polish agricultural holdings, or, whether to the contrary, when shaped as provided in the Act, this new solution will put the trading in agri-cultural land on hold. In the concluding remarks critical opinions of the new regulation are formulated with a suggestion that legislative work be undertaken to amend the provisions of the regulation having regard for the results of a comparative study.Item Traktatowe podstawy regulacji dotyczących nowej żywności – wybrane zagadnienia(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Sokołowski, Łukasz MikołajThis article focuses on the issues related to ensuring the fundamental freedoms and rights in light of the regulation of novel food. Treaty and constitutional regulations have been analysed in comparison with Regulation No 258/97 and new regulation No 2015/2283. The aim of the considerations was to answer the question whether novel food regulations are legally grounded and whether the regulation as such, while anticipating many essential restrictions regarding the launching of innovations in the EU market, does not contradict the fundamental rights, freedoms and constitutional as well as treaty liberties. It is con-cluded that the implementation of a regulation of novel food belongs to the divided compe-tences of the EU and its Member States grounded in Article 114 of the Treaty on the Func-tioning of the European Union.Item Ubezpieczenie społeczne rolników prowadzących agroturystykę w prawie włoskim(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Kapała, AnnaThe author seeks to answer the question whether Italian legislation identifies separate regulations of social insurance for entities engaged in agricultural activity or agro-tourism, treating the latter as other forms business activity. These regulations are not researched by Italian agrarian lawyers since they belong to so-called ‘social legislation’. There is no separate social insurance for farmers in Italy. All farmers are subject to the social insurance system under the management of the State Institute of Social Insurance. However, the ‘agrarian’ character of the insurance regulation is nevertheless there as there are provisions that specifically address farmers who are treated differently than other entrepreneurs, and for whom an independent ‘agricultural division’ has been created, and whose insurance premiums are calculated separately, being tied to cadastral income.Item Współczesne wyzwania związane z żywnością i ich rola w kształto-waniu polityki rolnej i prawa rolnego(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Budzinowski, RomanThe aim of the deliberations in this article is to articulate the food challenges before the Common Agricultural Policy and to determine their role in shaping the agricultural policy and agricultural law. It is also an attempt to formulate a few reflections on the contemporary model of the development of CAP, and therefore the agricultural law as such. It is not accidental that among the contemporary challenges, those arising in connection with food are primary. A detailed study presented in this article examines food safety and food security as well as the development of food quality systems. In this context, challenges connected with natural resources and territorial aspects have been addressed, to finally conclude that having in mind all those, tight connections between agricultural policy and food policy and between agricultural law and food law must be emphasised.Item Wybrane aspekty prawne zagospodarowania pozostałości poprodukcyjnych z wielkotowarowych ferm zwierząt gospodarskich w Polsce(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Jachnik, ElizaThe technological progress and growing demand for food are conducive to the devel-opment of industrial agriculture. The impact of industrial agriculture on the environment is much greater than that caused by traditional agriculture. Major dangers come from post-production residue. More precisely, they are animal faeces. The author of this paper made an attempt to categorise animal faeces. The question asked was whether they belong to the category ‘wastage’ or ‘by-products’. Another issue discussed was proper management and utilisation of animal faeces and an assessment of the existing legal regulations to establish whether they guarantee satisfactory protection of the natural environment against the negative impact of intensive animal production. It has been found that the current legislation on the matter researched is not satisfactory and requires amendments. Suggestions as what is needed to better protect the environment have been formulated.