Studia Edukacyjne, 2013, nr 25
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Item Cielesność a niepełnosprawność. Obraz ciała i atrakcyjność dorosłych osób z głębszą niepełnosprawnością intelektualną(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Trambacz, Sylwia; Gołaska, PaulinaBody image and physical appearance may infl uence the perception of health, well-being and quality of life. People who are dissatisfi ed with their bodies are more likely to demonstrate depression, low self-esteem, low social functioning, and eating disorders. It is especially important in the context of intellectual disability. The aim of this study was to evaluate body image (actual and ideal body shape and the discrepancy between them) and physical attractiveness (the most attractive body shape). Body image and physical attractiveness were measured in the current study in a sample of 74 adults with an intellectual disability using the Body Image Assessment (BIA). Body weight and height were also measured. The results showed that people with an intellectual disability are generally dissatisfi ed with their bodies, but they are more likely to perceive their bodies as thinner then they actually are. After data analyses, it was also verifi ed that women are more dissatisfi ed with their appearance then men. With regard to physical attractiveness, the most attractive body shape is a slim one, but women prefer more corpulent men. This is a preliminary study and more studies are necessary to evaluate body image and physical attractiveness among people with an intellectual disability.Item Creativity as the Ultimate and Instrumental Value of the Youth(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Novotná, JarmilaThe author considers cognitive and creative teaching method to be one of the signifi cant ways of developing creativity in the adolescents. The aim of this article is not only to provide the characteristics of creativity as the ultimate and instrumental value of the contemporary youth but also to hint at the possibilities of its formation under the conditions of current school, in particular in foreign language teaching, namely in teaching the English language. The article provides the information on one of the author’s study, which scientifi cally records the development of creativity in factors such as fl uency, fl exibility and originality, as well as pupils’ attitude towards this phenomenon; the author has also attempted to identify the personality traits determining the development of creativity. The fi ndings of this natural experiment are quantitatively processed and qualitatively interpreted. Issuing from the research fi ndings, the author formulates conclusions for theory, methodology and educational practice. The leitmotif of the article is the idea that the age of adolescence is suitable not only for the development of critical and creative thinking but it is also an opportunity to incorporate these phenomena into the value system of contemporary youth.Item Dynamika i kierunki zmian rynku pracy na obszarach wiejskich(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Wawrzonek, AnnaThe main issue of this article is to present the refl ections concerning the directions and the dynamics of the labor market transformation in rural areas. The article also presents the supporting and motivating activities which are aimed to keep village inhabitants vocationally and professionally active. The article moreover outlines the changing image of Polish rural areas and the social perception and attitude to those changes. The author of this presentation pays particular attention to the employment policy towards rural areas, including the activities which are directed to create non-farms jobs. This is to be achieved by educational and advisory support and promotion of the idea of lifelong learning.Item Feminizacja zawodu nauczycielskiego – „różowe kołnierzyki” i paradoksy rynku pracy(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Gromkowska-Melosik, AgnieszkaStatistical dominance of women in the teaching profession, particularly at the level of elementary education in almost every country of the world is a fact. The author in the article tries to fi nd the reasons for low status of this profession, at present and in historical context as well as and its social consequences. The feminization of teaching profession is considered taking into account two dimensions. First is purely statistical, referring to the absolute and the percentage of women in the teaching profession. Second one regarded as a sociological phenomenon with its implication to education. There are two possible approaches to the relationship between the feminization of the teaching profession and its place in the occupational stratifi cation, expressed e.g. in prestige and income. The fi rst results from the conviction that feminization of teaching profession is a consequence of its permanently weaker position in the occupational structure. This belief dominates many theoretical analyzes and also common sense of millions people. In the fi eld of academic discussion this approach is expressed by gender segregation and desegregation theory, and the inverted hierarchy mechanism theory. However, a closer analysis of this phenomenon makes possible to support radically different interpretation of this problem. So, proponents of the second approach argue that this is not the case that feminization of the teaching profession has brought its degradation. They are convinced that weak status of this profession in occupational structure is a consequence of its feminization. Growing number of women diminishes the attractiveness of this job. At he end of article author concludes that this context, generally the growth of women within this „pink-collar profession” is either a refl ection of its historically low prestige in the structure of employment or it is connected with the reduction of its prestige because of social or economical reasons.Item Gotowość szkolna dzieci sześcioletnich ze specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi uczniów pierwszej klasy szkoły podstawowej(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Buchnat, MarzenaThe child’s transition from pre-school to primary school is an important turning point in its development. In the light of changes related to the reduction of school-starting age and to the training system of students with special educational needs, matters of school maturity raise a lot of emotions and concerns in the context of school threshold age. Starting school education at the age of six, especially in the perspective of children with special educational needs, requires defi ning what school maturity is and how it should be analyzed in regard with the development possibilities of a child of this age. The research was to determine the level of school maturity of a six-year-old with special educational needs attending the fi rst class and to identify the areas of support of crossing that threshold so that these children could achieve success.Item Integracja edukacyjna – od zależności do autonomii(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Dryżałowska, GrażynaThe article deals with a refl ection on the social integration of students with disabilities in the inclusive education system. A key problem has been done considering the disability and the corresponding mechanisms for the operation of the three systems: the fi rst for reading intentions and opinions of others about ourselves, the second - socializing and the third in charge of social status. In this article, this problem is included in the question whether the disability affect the mechanisms responsible for the operation of these three systems, and how. If the violation of one of the mechanisms has consequences for others. Which system plays the most important role for the child with disability in building positive relationships with non-disabled peers. Getting answers to the questions in this article requires a research on the effects of these three systems, then the entity is born and grows fraught with disabilities and their impact on the experience and behavior.Item Możliwości opieki logopedycznej w kontekście prowłączających działań i rozwiązań w systemie edukacji(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Janiszewska-Nieścioruk, ZdzisławaSpeech therapy, realized in the framework of a well-organized system, has a signifi cant meaning for the quality of promoting the inclusion of students with special needs in mainstream education. There is a need for guaranteed specialist support in the framework of a diversifi ed and extensive therapeutic offer as well as for highly trained professionals. In the case of inclusion, support is given by the cooperative team of specialists – teachers, educators, pedagogues, and speech therapists. The work of a team for a child/pupil should be a consequence of previously made decisions and actions, they should include the progress of education and effi ciency (or lack of it) of adopted forms of therapy or support. Long-term educational and therapeutic support, differentiated and yet more valid, because being under constant control and evaluation creates a new educational reality for children/pupils with special needs. A question might be stated whether the mainstream education system is designed in order to provide incessant and comprehensive support, especially as organized speech therapy care, and how this preparation should be understood. In the article I have attempted to present the possibilities of pro-inclusive changes in the education system as well as the weaknesses which might impede or limit this care.Item Niepełnosprawność a zagrożenie marginalizacją i wykluczeniem. Rozważania w kontekście teorii underclass(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Chrzanowska, IwonaThe article concentrates on problems of social exclusion of children with disabilities. Using the theories of social class and stratifi cation we want to fi nd out whether pupils with developmental disabilities are discriminated against in social life.Item Niepełnosprawność – INNA jakość, która ma prawo taką pozostać(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Pawelczak, KatarzynaIntellectual disability is characterized by below-average intelligence or mental ability and a lack of skills necessary for day-to-day living. Intellectual disability is a term used when there are limits to a person’s ability to learn at an expected level and function in daily life. We are capable of talking about a person’s l i m i t s, but if we think about a P e r s o n with a disability? The present study focuses on the question: is disability a quality, ANOTHER quality? Who is a P e r s o n with a disability? This paper aims at stimulating a debate on this topic.Item Pomiędzy dzieciństwem a dorosłością – o dorastaniu osób z zespołem Aspergera(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Wojciechowska, AnetaAdolecence is an extremely diffi cult time for young people. This is the period when they become adults. However, this transition is connected with lots of diffi culties in the area of peer contacts and the acceptance of their physicality. The Asperger syndrome fosters the diffi culties in building interpersonal relationships, their identity as well as in shaping personality itself. The article shows the problems of adolescence coupled with diffi culties arising from Asperger syndrome. It is important to consider if this time is similar for all teenagers, regardless of their developmental capabilities, or whether the diffi culties that result from Asperger syndrome are meaningful in their adolescence period.Item Recenzje i noty - Anna Boguszewska, Anna Mazur (red.) Wybrane problemy edukacji plastycznej(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Sokołowska, AnnaItem Recenzje i noty - Ditta Baczała, Niepełnosprawność intelektualna a kompetencje społeczne(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Chrzanowska, IwonaItem Teoretyczne inspiracje pedagogiki specjalnej – pedagogika krytyczna(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Krause, AmadeuszThe article is a theoretical search for a scientifi c inspiration for special education. Critical pedagogy trends appear to many special educators either as pedagogy of radical criticism or as a separate pedagogical trend. Meanwhile there is some evidence that some problems and analyses of critical pedagogy could be grounded in the area of special education. Mainly these are analyses exposing mechanisms of power over another human being, covert violence, control, domination, and marginalization.Item The Roma and Education: Solution Finding in Bohemian and Slovak Conditions(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Balvín, Jaroslav; Vavreková, LenkaThe text focuses on analytical opinions of politicians about the education of Romany children and on comparing democratization in education with autocratism when trying to solve the so-called Romany problem. The idea of establishing boarding schools for Romany children is an example of a non-systemic and unilateral solution. According to certain European and domestic politicians, this method is a positive solution. However, the author and many specialists in Romology believe that this approach is discriminatory and assimilative as it is not compatible with the traditions of the Romany culture or the principles of humanist and democratic pedagogy. As an alternative to unilateral formations, let us mention the project of an all-day educational system that has been developing in Slovakia with the support of European funds at the Methodological Center in Prešov.Item The Teacher and the Roma: Pedagogic and Andragogic Contexts in Relation to Interculturalism(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Balvín, JaroslavRecently, tensions between the Romany and non-Romany segments of society have been rising, in many cases taking on a certain form of antiziganism. For various professionals it means having to deal with problems such as how to devise and implement suitable methods leading to the mitigation of such tensions and various forms of antiziganism. Teachers constitute one of the major professions that possesses this ability. The hypothesis that we try to prove through our research in the area of inter-ethnic tensions is that communication between teachers and pupils as well as their families can help improve relations between the non-Romany and Romany segments of a multicultural society, thus helping both the Roma and non-Roma fi ght antiziganism.Item Udział koncepcji psychologicznych w kształtowaniu podstaw teorii i praktyki oddziaływań resocjalizacyjnych(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Ambrozik, WiesławThis article focuses on showing psychological models that played a special role in the development of the theory and practice of social rehabilitation. Based on these approaches, a number of methods have been developed, including assessment tools and treatment in social rehabilitation of both juvenile and adult offenders.Item Uogólnione poczucie skuteczności a poczucie skuteczności wychowawczej rodziców i nauczycieli. Hipoteza sytuacyjnej zmienności(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Rubacha, KrzysztofThe article presents the results of verifying the hypothesis of independence of the two types of self effi cacy: educational sense of effi cacy and a generalized sense of effi cacy. This hypothesis was derived from a socio-cognitive theory. The results showed, however, that both types of self-effi cacy are correlated, more so in the group of teachers and less so in the group of parents.Item Wybrane czynniki środowiskowe mające wpływ na postrzeganie dorosłości osób z umiarkowanym lub znacznym stopniem niepełnosprawności intelektualnej(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Tylewska-Nowak, BeataAdulthood is an interesting and worthwhile phase of human life and its course to some extent may also be dependent on how others perceive adult members of society. In the text I discuss selected environmental factors that affect the perception of adult persons with intellectual disabilities, referring to the theory of Urie Bronfenbrenera.Item Wybrane problemy społeczne środowisk wiejskich (ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem kwestii edukacji młodego pokolenia wsi)(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Matysiak-Błaszczyk, Agata; Słupska, KamilaThe article deals with selected social problems of the rural environment, with particular emphasis on the situation of young people. The intention of the authors was also to show the living conditions and the diffi culties faced by people living in rural areas. The authors refer in the article to the selected reports and socio-pedagogical diagnosis of the local environment in rural areas of Poland.Item Wypalanie się sił u rodziców dzieci z niepełnosprawnością – konstrukcja nowego narzędzia badawczego(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Sekułowicz, Małgorzata; Kwiatkowski, PiotrThe article is devoted to the description of the preparation of their own research tool to measure burnout syndrome in parents of children with disabilities. The fi rst part defi nes burnout and presents differences in selected theoretical concepts of the burnout phenomenon. A broader description of the concept of Burisch (1989, 1993) as a theoretical model chosen for the burnout syndrome in parents is the next element. It is necessary for pointing out that differences may exist between professional burnout and the burnout of parents. Next we present research on parental burnout carried out by Polish and foreign authors. In the last part of article, we present the construction and description of the questionnaire scales with two dimensions: emotional exhaustion and helplessness.