Książki/rozdziały (WAr)

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About the ‘interim’ or discovering the depths of the pre-Roman Iron Age
(Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 2021-12) Michałowski, Andrzej; Teska, Milena; Krzyżanowska, Marta; Kaczmarska, Patrycja; Frankiewicz, Mateusz; Żółkiewski, Marek; Niedzielski, Przemysław; Piątkowska, Grażyna; Martini, Sarah; Rand, Asta
The pre-Roman Iron Age, i.e. the last five last centuries BC, is one of the most mysterious periods in Polish prehistory and constitutes an extremely interesting research issue, which help concentrate the studies on it, into a compact group of research problems. The studies on the pre-Roman Iron Age carried out by the group of researchers at the Faculty of Archaeology of the Adam Mickiewicz University are based on the research traditions of Poznań archaeology. The focal point of work in recent years has been settlement pottery, which is a mass source acquired during excavations whose potential has not yet been fully exploited. One way to better understand the possibilities that this type of mass material can bring has been exploitation of the potential of archaeometry. The ongoing studies on the problems of the pre-Roman Iron Age strive to detail and explain the processes and changes occurring at the time. They fit into the Poznań tradition of studies on this period, being a continuation of previous work undertaken on its intricate issues – empowering it and leading it out of the titular ‘interim’, placing it in the fully deserved centre of research interests.
Antropologia fizyczna
(Wydział Archeologii UAM, 2021) Lorkiewicz-Muszyńska, Dorota; Sobol, Julia; Kociemba, Wojciech; Hyrchała, Anna; Glapiński, Mariusz
Archaeological research of the Gothic Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary on the island of Ostrów Tumski, Poznań
(Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 2021-12) Antowska-Gorączniak, Olga; Piątkowska, Grażyna; Martini, Sarah; Rand, Asta
Between 1999 and 2015 an archaeological research of the interior and the immediate vicinity of the Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary on the island of Ostrów Tumski in Poznań was con- ducted. This hall church, whose consecration took place in 1448, is part of the architecture style connected with the workshops of Master Builder Hinrich Brunsberg. Interestingly, the traceries of the study church windows correspond to similar elements from the churches in Brandenburg and Chojna (Brunsberg’s work). But the fragments of Gothic pinnacles from the gable (according to written sources) were probably built by Lorek from Kościan. Also, the tracery decoration at the western portal of the Poznań cathedral, which was discovered during the post-war renovation works, confirms the presence of a similar façade decoration of the Poznań cathedral to that in Brandenburg. What is more, a fleuron found in the church of the Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary on the island of Ostrów Tumski is analogous to the same decorative element of the town hall in Tangermünde. This suggests that the workshops associated with that master builder, most probably participated in the rebuilding of the Poznań cathedral at the turn of the century (XIV/XV) and in the designing of the St Mary’s Church, which was completed after Brunsberg’s death. The archaeological research included the cemetery that was operational from the 2 nd half of the 15 th century to the end of the 18 th century, during which time, the deceased were buried inside the church. It was also where remains of several brick tombs/crypts were discovered. The youngest burial is an ossuary found in the middle of the nave, which contains bones moved there from the cathedral in 1784-1785. The brick and stone wall enclosing the cemetery was built in 1465-1466. Originally, the church and the cemetery were situated on a small hill, the slopes of which were reinforced.
Archaeology under a microscope: research at the ArchaeoMicroLab of the Faculty of Archaeology Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
(Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 2021-12) Kurzawska, Aldona; Sobkowiak-Tabaka, Iwona; Piątkowska, Grażyna; Martini, Sarah; Rand, Asta
This article presents the newly established ArchaeoMicroLab – the Laboratory of Microscopic Analysis in Archaeology – in the Faculty of Archaeology at Adam Mickiewicz University, its equipment, and the scope of research carried out in this facility. Microscopic analyses are essential research tools used in archaeology for examining artefacts and traces of their use, organic remains, pigments, and many other objects. The use of high magnification enables researchers to capture interesting details that are not visible at the macroscopic level. The article discusses different categories of artefacts, samples and the possibilities of their examination in the laboratory.
Archeobotanika
(2021) Moskal-del Hoyo, Magdalena
Archeoentomologia
(Wydział Archeologii UAM, 2021) Kadej, Marcin; Konwerski, Szymon; Hałuszko, Agata
Archeogenetyka
(Wydział Archeologii UAM, 2021) Chyleński, Maciej
Archeomalakologia
(Wydział Archeologii UAM, 2021) Kurzawska, Aldona
Archeometalurgia
(Wydział Archeologii UAM, 2021) Biborski, Marcin; Biborski, Mateusz
Archeozoologia
(2021) Wilczyński, Jarosław
Are we where we wanted to be? Modernist tendencies versus the postmodern reality of archaeology. Some remarks on the methodology of archaeologists at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
(Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 2021-12) Minta-Tworzowska, Danuta; Piątkowska, Grażyna; Martini, Sarah; Rand, Asta
This article attempts to define the place where the Poznań University’s methodology of archaeology finds itself. The question contained in the title – a are we where we wanted to be? – requires an answer that considers the extent to which the modernist assumptions of archaeo- logy, in which we grew up, have been fulfilled, and to what extent we function in the postmodern world. The article presents the rationale for this methodology, showing some variation in the views of its representatives, starting with the founder of the school, Jan Żak, through his stu- dents to the next generation. Recognizing the polyphonic nature of this scholarship, an attempt was made to group these studies into specific issues, which are: reflection on the methodology and theory of archaeology; its inspirations and proposals; relations between theory, methods, and practice; issues of archaeological sources as ones reflecting methodological discussions in the diachronic approach; the past explored in the present; emerging fields of research such as landscape studies; and social archaeology, initiated at Adam Mickiewicz University with the work of Ciesielska on social theory. For many years, the concept of social archaeozoology has also been developed, and studies on memory, identity, children and childhood, among others, have been conducted. The broadening of research fields is an unquestionable achievement of the postmodern (post-processual) as well as post-postmodern reorientation, marking the world in which we function.
Aspects of ancient warfare: Multidisciplinary research on war and warriors in Bronze Age Europe
(Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 2021-12) Suchowska-Ducke, Paulina; Piątkowska, Grażyna; Martini, Sarah; Rand, Asta
The study of warfare among ancient societies – its nature, scale and impacts – has become an increasingly fertile multidisciplinary field of research in archaeology and related disciplines. This is particularly true for the European Bronze Age, an epoch that has produced iconic arte- facts, architecture, images, and written sources that speak about war and warriorhood. Modern research has made it sufficiently clear that, far from being the singular acts of heroic individ - uals, ancient warfare was common, brutal, and well-organized. However, war, as an extreme form of social interaction, has also been a driver for technological and economic development. From Scandinavia to the Mediterranean, the archaeological record has preserved rich traces of the warrior elite that was instrumental in transforming Bronze Age societies. This body of evidence is being studied with increasingly diverse analytical tools, ranging from use-wear analysis of weapons to forensic analysis of human remains and GIS-based spatial analysis. The following is a summary of author’s research on the multiple aspects and archaeological sources that surround the topics of war and warriors in Bronze Age Europe.
Barrows in the Skirts of the Forest: Excavation of a Wielbark culture cemetery at Mirosław 37, Ujście commune, Piła district, Greater Poland Voivodeship
(Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 2021-12) Michałowski, Andrzej; Piątkowska, Grażyna; Martini, Sarah; Rand, Asta
Archaeological excavations carried out at site 37 in Mirosław since 2016 have revealed a barrow cemetery of the Wielbark culture. An enormous amount of data hitherto collected has greatly facilitated better understandings of the settlement patterns of the population represented by this cultural group in the northern part of Greater Poland. This information provides a truly compelling and valuable contribution into the study of the burial customs of communities inhabiting northern Greater Poland during the Roman Iron Age period. As a result of this work, two of seven preserved mounds were examined. These contained two female burials: an inhumation burial, dated to phase B2/C1 deposited in Barrow 7 and a cremation burial dated to phase C1a deposited in Barrow 1. Also, other objects were recorded in the area of the mounds, in particular traces that are evidence of metallurgical production. What is more, a fragment of the plane part of the site was identified using non-invasive research methods – magnetometer prospection. A part of this area was examined by means of excavation, which confirmed the occurrence of both burial goods (a burial that was first exhumed in antiquity, was possibly made from another, leveled burial mound) as well as other objects, present in the cemetery and related to the funeral activities. Additionally, the zone between Barrows 6 and 7 yielded the burial of a small child. The excavations have stimulated numerous research questions which have not yet been satisfactorily answered and are vital for describing the structure of the cemetery and providing its full chronology.
Between the East and the West of Europe: The Eneolithic and the Beginning of the Bronze Age in Light of Studies on Bio-Cultural Borderlands
(Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 2021-12) Kośko, Aleksander; Włodarczak, Piotr; Żurkiewicz, Danuta; Piątkowska, Grażyna; Martini, Sarah; Rand, Asta
The barrows of the Yamnaya culture located along the middle Dniester River (southern Ukraine, Yampil region) became a matter of concern for a Polish-Ukrainian archaeological expedition. As a result of this joint effort, a series of earlier studies of the barrows were published and additional excavations were conducted. A total of seven barrows located at four archaeological sites were excavated. Consequently, a variety of new materials were obtained, which made it possible to perform extensive specialist analyses (radiocarbon, isotope, and aDNA, among others). The results of this research show a broader picture of local Yamnaya culture communities, allowing a comparison with Central European Corded Ware culture communities and contributing immensely to the discussion regarding the relations between these groups.
Ceramika – badania osadów organicznych wnętrza naczyń
(Wydział Archeologii UAM, 2021) Krueger, Marta
Ceramika – badania petroarcheologiczne
(2021) Gunia, Piotr; Krueger, Marta; Lisowska, Ewa
Dendroarcheologia
(Wydział Archeologii UAM, 2021) Dąbrowski, Henryk P.
Excavations in Kamenets-Podolskiy, Tatarysky: Small-scale insight on large-scale questions
(Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 2021-12) Diachenko, Aleksandr; Sobkowiak-Tabaka, Iwona; Piątkowska, Grażyna; Martini, Sarah; Rand, Asta
This paper presents the results of field work carried out in terms of a collaborative Polish- Ukrainian project. The main aim of this project is to investigate the transformations and modifications of culture in prehistory as reflected in the archaeological record, focusing on the issues of cultural expansion, unification, and internal diversity. The excavations of Western Tripolye culture settlement of Kamenets-Podolskiy (Tatarysky) were conducted to provide an empirical base for this work. During first season of excavations remains of a burnt house (ploschadka) and pottery kilns were excavated.
From clay you are
(Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 2021-12) Koliński, Rafał; Piątkowska, Grażyna; Martini, Sarah; Rand, Asta
The people of Mesopotamia believed that they were created by the gods to serve the gods: to work for them in the fields and care for the herds of animals that, through sacrifice, provided the gods’ livelihood. Perhaps this is why mythological motifs are almost absent in the art of Assyria and Babylon. Two small fragments of stone decorated with a convex relief, discovered in 2013 by the archeological team of the Institute of Prehistory at the entrance to the Gūndk cave in Iraqi Kurdistan, belie this claim. They come from a relief scene originally hewn into the rock- face around 2200 BC, but blown up by vandals in the 1990s. Thanks to this recent discovery by the team carrying out the Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project in Iraqi Kurdistan and previous drawings of the relief made in 1850 and 1947, it can be proven that the scene showed the god Enki and the goddess Ninmah in the process of molding people out of clay, as described in Mesopotamian myths. Saved for posterity by archaeologists from Poznań, the fragments of the damaged relief are the only known examples of this unique scene.
From the cradle to the grave
(Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 2021-12) Koliński, Rafał; Kolińska, Xenia; Piątkowska, Grażyna; Martini, Sarah; Rand, Asta
From the cradle to the grave, we are accompanied by the concepts of mortality and immortal- ity. We experience the first as humans but ascribe, unknown to us, the state of eternal being to the gods. In various models of the universe, death may mean the end of everything, a new beginning, or a state of waiting to join the ranks of the Immortals. In Mesopotamia, death means Perduring; souls of the dead were confined to Underworld, where they lasted in dark - ness, suffering thirst and hunger. At the beginning of the 2 nd millennium BC in Mesopotamia the attitude towards the dead is changing significantly. Cult of ancestors and repeated offerings to dead were meant to improve their condition, and, in turn, secure their support to the living. The GP26 chamber tomb discovered at the Tell Arbid site in northeastern Syria in 2009 by archaeologists of the Institute of Prehistory, Adam Mickiewicz University, is a perfect illustration of these changes. The underground chamber tomb built next to the house became the resting place of three generations of its inhabitants, judging from the fact that at least 15 people were buried there successively. Prestigious grave gifts testify to the wealth of the family, and the finds of sacrificial vessels and animal bones illustrate ceremonies performed during the funeral. The tomb was ritually closed by burying the dog in the shaft leading to its chamber. The tomb was avoided being robbed in antiquity, thanks to which archaeologists from the Adam Mickiewicz University could study it and shed light on the beliefs and splendor of the inhabitants of northern Mesopotamia dating back almost 4,000 years.

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