Artykuły naukowe (WF)

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A Main Belt Asteroid: the Most Probable Cause of the Tunguska Event
(Societa Astronomica Italiana, 2002) Jopek, Tadeusz J.; Gonczi, Robert; Froeschle, Christiane; Michel, Patric; Longo, Giuseppe; Foschini, Luigi
We studied the available scientific literature on the Tunguska event of 30 June 1908 to select a sample of atmospheric trajectories. Then we calculated a set of parameters from which we obtained 886 orbits. Using the model of Bottke and colleagues on dynamical properties of celestial bodies, we estimated the probabilities of different origins of the Tunguska Cosmic Body (TCB). Event though 6 of 886 orbits can be both asteroidal or cometary, the probability of an asteroidal origins remain s the highest.
ALPL-1 Newtonian Ephemeris of the Planetary System Spanning 4000 years
(Acta Astronomica, 1986) Dybczyński, P. A.; Jopek, Tadeusz
Numerical integration of the equations of motion of the Solar System Planets (except Mercury) is described. The continuous ephemeris obtained in result, spanning the time interval from 1918 BC to 2092 AD is presented.
Between waves and patterns: Spin wave freezing in films with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction
(American Physical Society, 2023-04-12) Kisielewski, Jan; Gruszecki, Paweł; Krawczyk, Maciej; Zablotskii, Vitalii; Maziewski, Andrzej
The relationship between waves and static pattern formation is an intriguing effect and remains unexplained in many areas of physics, including magnetism. We study the spin-wave-mediated spin reorientation transition (SRT) in magnetic films with uniaxial magnetic anisotropy and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). In particular, we show that propagating spin waves can freeze in the SRT, causing periodic magnetic domains to arise, which is reminiscent of the wave amplitude distribution. This process can take place under the influence of a change in the magnetic field, but also of other parameters. Interestingly, at the SRT, DMI nonreciprocity leads to the emergence of flowing magnetization patterns, which suggests a spontaneous breaking of translational symmetry, and the formation of magnonic space-time crystals. The described phenomena are general and should take place in a large family of magnetic materials. Therefore, the results should be of great importance for the further development of spintronics and magnonics.
Charge orderings and phase separations in the atomic limit of the extended Hubbard model with intersite density-density interactions
(Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics, al. Lotników 32-46, Pl-02-668 Warsaw, Poland, 2010-08) Kapcia, Konrad; Kłobus, Waldemar; Robaszkiewicz, Stanisław
We have studied a simple effective model of charge ordered insulators. The tight binding Hamiltonian consists of the effective on-site interaction U and the intersite density-density interaction Wij (both: nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor). In the analysis of the phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of this model we have adopted the variational approach, which treats the on-site interaction term exactly and the intersite interactions within the mean-field approximation. Our investigations of the general case (as a function of the electron concentration) have shown that the system exhibits various critical behaviors including among others bicritical, tricritical, critical-end and isolated critical points. In this report we concentrate on the metastable phases and transitions between them. One finds that the first- and second order transitions between metastable phases can exist in the system. These transitions occur in the neighborhood of first as well as second order transitions between stable phases. For the case of on-site attraction the regions of metastable homogeneous phases occurrence inside the ranges of phase separated states stability have been also determined.
Charge-Order on the Triangular Lattice: A Mean-Field Study for the Lattice S = 1/2 Fermionic Gas
(MDPI, 2021-04-30) Kapcia, Konrad Jerzy
The adsorbed atoms exhibit tendency to occupy a triangular lattice formed by periodic potential of the underlying crystal surface. Such a lattice is formed by, e.g., a single layer of graphane or the graphite surfaces as well as (111) surface of face-cubic center crystals. In the present work, an extension of the lattice gas model to S=1/2 fermionic particles on the two-dimensional triangular (hexagonal) lattice is analyzed. In such a model, each lattice site can be occupied not by only one particle, but by two particles, which interact with each other by onsite U and intersite W1 and W2 (nearest and next-nearest-neighbor, respectively) density-density interaction. The investigated hamiltonian has a form of the extended Hubbard model in the atomic limit (i.e., the zero-bandwidth limit). In the analysis of the phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of this model with repulsive W1>0, the variational approach is used, which treats the onsite interaction term exactly and the intersite interactions within the mean-field approximation. The ground state (T=0) diagram for W2≤0 as well as finite temperature (T>0) phase diagrams for W2=0 are presented. Two different types of charge order within √3×√3 unit cell can occur. At T=0, for W2=0 phase separated states are degenerated with homogeneous phases (but T>0 removes this degeneration), whereas attractive W2<0 stabilizes phase separation at incommensurate fillings. For U/W1<0 and U/W1>1/2 only the phase with two different concentrations occurs (together with two different phase separated states occurring), whereas for small repulsive 0
Charge-order on the triangular lattice: Effects of next-nearest-neighbor attraction in finite temperatures
(Elsevier, 2021-09-03) Konrad, Jerzy Kapcia
The extended Hubbard model in the atomic limit, which is equivalent to lattice S=1/2 fermionic gas, is considered on the triangular lattice. The model includes onsite Hubbard U interaction and both nearest-neighbor (W1) and next-nearest-neighbor (W2) density-density intersite interactions. The variational approach treating the $U$ term exactly and the $W_l$ terms in the mean-field approximation is used to investigate thermodynamics of the model and to find its finite temperature (T>0) phase diagrams (as a function of particle concentration) for W1>0 and W2<0. Two different types of charge-order (i.e., DCO and TCO phases) within $\sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3}$ unit cells as well as the nonordered (NO) phase occur on the diagram. Moreover, several kinds of phase-separated (PS) states (NO/DCO, DCO/DCO, DCO/TCO, and TCO/TCO) are found to be stable for fixed concentration. Attractive W2}<0 stabilizes PS states at T=0 and it extends the regions of their occurrence at T>0. The evolution of the diagrams with increasing of |W2|/W1 is investigated. It is found that some of the PS states are stable only at T>0. Two different critical values of |W2|/W1 are determined for the PS states, in which two ordered phases of the same type (i.e., two domains of the DCO or TCO phase) coexist.
Clear distinction between CAC and CMC revealed by high-resolution NMR diffusometry for a series of bis-imidazolium gemini surfactants in aqueous solutions
(RSC, 2018-11) Szutkowski, Kosma; Kołodziejska, Żaneta; Pietralik, Zuzanna; Zhukov, Igor; Skrzypczak, Andrzej; Materna, Katarzyna; Kozak, Maciej
The aggregation behavior in the transition region was studied for a series of dicationic surfactants 3,3′-[α,ω-(dioxaalkane)]bis(1-dodecylimidazolium)dichlorides with varied spacer length from two to twelve carbon atoms. We employed Nuclear Magnetic Resonance diffusometry and Bayesian DOSY analysis to obtain the aggregate size distribution in the transition region. The critical concentrations CC were independently obtained from surface tension, electric conductivity, UV-Vis and NMR methods. The micelle aggregation numbers were estimated from the self-diffusion coefficients and were independently confirmed using steady-state fluorescence quenching. The morphology of the aggregates was characterized by small-angle scattering of synchrotron radiation and molecular dynamics simulations. The obtained CC values are identified as critical aggregation concentrations CAC. A broad transition region was observed, and stable micelles were obtained at much higher concentrations than CAC. The accurate CMC values could not be identified for the systems in the study. We indicated that the distribution of aggregate size becomes small and the system becomes homogeneous at much larger concentrations than CAC (typically 15–20 mM). The existence of a slow exchange between two environments, an aggregate and aqueous environment, was confirmed by 1H NMR and 2D HSQC NMR spectroscopy.
Critical Sound Propagation in Magnets
(Nova Science Publishers, 2009) Pawlak, Andrzej
The critical dynamics of sound is a very interesting field in which we can test modern concepts of the phase transition theory such as the universality of critical exponents, scaling or the crossover to another universality class etc. It is the aim of the study to present a general theory of critical sound propagation, which takes also into account some important nonasymptotic effects. In metallic magnets the critical anomalies in the sound attenuation coefficient are of different types than in magnetic insulators.The difference in the critical exponents used to be explained by the occurrence of different kinds of magnetoelastic coupling in the two classes of magnets mentioned. We will show in this chapter that one should assume coexistence of both types of coupling in all magnets. A very important role is played by the ratio of the spin-lattice relaxation time to the characteristic time of spin fluctuations. It is a crucial parameter determining whether the sound attenuation coefficient reveals a strong or a weak singularity in a given material. After a short introduction the fundamental concepts of the phase transition theory such as critical exponents, the scaling and universality hypothesis etc are reviewed in Section 2 of this chapter. Section 3 presents the idea of critical slowing down, dynamic scaling as well as the presentation of the basic dynamic universality classes. In Section 4, the model describing the static behavior of acoustic degrees of freedom is investigated. The expressions for the adiabatic and the isothermal sound velocity are also derived. The phenomenological theory of critical sound propagation is presented in very intuitive way in Section 5, while Section 6 contains a detailed description of the dynamic model based on the coupled nonlinear Langevin equations of motion. Three basic regimes characterized by different critical exponents and scaling functions are distinguished in the sound attenuation coefficient. Crossover effects from the insulator-type regime to the metallic-type regime and to the high-frequency regime are demonstrated on the example of the ultrasonic data for MnF2. The concept of the effective sound attenuation exponent is introduced using the data reported for FeF2 and RbMnF3. The frequency dependent longitudinal sound velocity and its relation to the static quantities are discussed. Finally, the unsolved questions and future prospects in this field are outlined.
Dysfunkcja akomodacji i metody jej badań
(2010) Przekoracka-Krawczyk, Anna; Naskręcki, Ryszard
Electron phase separations involving superconductivity in the extended Hubbard models with pair hopping interaction
(Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics, al. Lotników 32-46, PL-02-668 Warsaw, Poland, 2015-02) Kapcia, Konrad Jerzy
In this work the extended Hubbard models with pair hopping interaction (at the atomic limit) are investigated within the variational approach, which treats the on-site interaction term exactly and the intersite interactions within the mean-field approximation (exact in $d\rightarrow+\infty$). We analyze mutual stability of the superconducting (SC) phase and charge (CO) or (ferro/antiferro-)magnetic (M) orderings as well as homogeneous mixed phases. Our preliminary results for U=0 show that the SC phase can coexist with the CO or M phases only in states with electron phase separation.
Fast light-driven motion of polydopamine nanomembranes
(American Chemical Society, 2021-12-14) Vasileiadis, Thomas; D’Alvise, Tommaso Marchesi; Saak, Clara-Magdalena; Pochylski, Mikolaj; Harvey, Sean; Synatschke, Christopher V.; Gapinski, Jacek; Fytas, George; Backus, Ellen H.G.; Weil, Tanja; Graczykowski, Bartlomiej
The actuation of micro- and nanostructures controlled by external stimuli remains one of the exciting challenges in nanotechnology due to the wealth of fundamental questions and potential applications in energy harvesting, robotics, sensing, biomedicine, and tunable metamaterials. Photoactuation utilizes the conversion of light into motion through reversible chemical and physical processes and enables remote and spatiotemporal control of the actuation. Here, we report a fast light-to-motion conversion in few-nanometer thick bare polydopamine (PDA) membranes stimulated by visible light. Light-induced heating of PDA leads to desorption of water molecules and contraction of membranes in less than 140 μs. Switching off the light leads to a spontaneous expansion in less than 20 ms due to heat dissipation and water adsorption. Our findings demonstrate that pristine PDA membranes are multiresponsive materials that can be harnessed as robust building blocks for soft, micro-, and nanoscale actuators stimulated by light, temperature, and moisture level.
Few‑layer bifunctional metasurfaces enabling asymmetric and symmetric polarization‑plane rotation at the subwavelength scale
(Springer Nature, 2024-06-13) Gokkavas, Mutlu; Gundogdu, T. F.; Ozbay, Ekmel; Serebryannikov, Andriy E.
We introduce and numerically validate the concept of few‑layer bifunctional metasurfaces comprising two arrays of quasiplanar subwavelength resonators and a middle grid (array of rectangular holes) that offer both symmetric and asymmetric transmissions connected, respectively, with symmetric and asymmetric polarization‑plane rotation functionalities. The proposed structures are thinner than lambda/7 and free of diffractions. Usually, the structure’s symmetry or asymmetry, i.e. unbroken or broken spatial inversion symmetries, are considered for metasurfaces as prerequisites of the capability of symmetric or asymmetric conversion of linearly polarized waves, respectively. Due to the achieved adjustment of the resonances enabling the rotation of the polarization plane simultaneously for both orthogonal polarizations of the incident wave, the symmetric polarization‑plane rotation functionality can be obtained within one subwavelength band, whereas the asymmetric polarization‑plane rotation functionality associated with the asymmetric transmission is obtained within another subwavelength band. This combination of the functionalities in one subdiffraction structure is possible due to the optimal choice of the grid parameters, since they may strongly affect the coupling between the two resonator arrays. Although normal incidence is required for the targeted bifunctionality, the variations of the incidence angle can also be exploited for the enrichment of the overall functional capability. Variations of the polarization angle give another important degree of freedom. The connection between the polarization‑angle dependence of cross‑polarized transmission and capability of symmetric and asymmetric polarization‑plane rotation functionalities is highlighted. The feasible designs of the bifunctional metasurfaces are discussed.
IAU Meteor Data Center: the shower database
(The National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan, 2021) Jopek, T. J.; Kokhirova, G. I.; Jenniskens, P.; Janches, D.; Hajdukova, M.; Rudawska, R.
The IAU Working Group on Meteor Shower Nomenclature was established in 2006 to regulate the nomenclature of meteor showers reported in the scientific literature. One year later the International Astronomical Union Meteor Data Center shower database was implemented (IAU MDC). The database does not contain all information about the meteor showers. Its purpose is to give each new meteoroid stream, published in the scientific literature, a unique name and codes. During the “Meteoroids 2019” conference held in Bratislava, the IAU Working Group on Meteor Shower Nomenclature established new rules for the introduction and removal of meteor showers from the MDC. In this paper, we present a concise description of the meteor shower database, its origin, and struc- ture and, in particular, the current requirements for the introduction of new data, and unknown as well as known meteor showers.
Interplay and competition between superconductivity and charge orderings in the zero-bandwidth limit of the extended Hubbard model with pair hopping and on-site attraction
(Springer, 2013-08) Kapcia, Konrad
We present studies of an effective model which is a simple generalization of the standard model of a local pair superconductor with on-site pairing (i.e., the model of hard core bosons on a lattice) to the case of finite pair binding energy. The tight binding Hamiltonian consists of (i) the effective on-site interaction U, (ii) the intersite density-density interactions W between nearest-neighbours, and (iii) the intersite charge exchange term I, determining the hopping of electron pairs between nearest-neighbour sites. In the analysis of the phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of this model we treat the intersite interactions within the mean-field approximation. Our investigations of the U<0 and W>0 case show that, depending on the values of interaction parameters, the system can exhibit three homogeneous phases: superconducting (SS), charge-ordered (CO) and nonordered (NO) as well as the phase separated SS-CO state.
Interplay between charge and magnetic orderings in the zero-bandwidth limit of the extended Hubbard model for strong on-site repulsion
(Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics, al. Lotników 32-46, Pl-02-668 Warsaw, Poland, 2012-06) Kapcia, Konrad; Kłobus, Waldemar; Robaszkiewicz, Stanisław
A simple effective model of charge ordered and (or) magnetically ordered insulators is studied. The tight binding Hamiltonian analyzed consists of (i) the effective on-site interaction U, (ii) the intersite density-density interaction W and (iii) intersite magnetic exchange interaction Jz (or Jxy) between nearest-neighbors. The intersite interaction are treated within the mean-field approximation. One shows that the systems considered can exhibit very interesting multicritical behaviors, including among others bicritical, tricritical, tetracritical and critical end points. The analysis of the model has been performed for an arbitrary electron concentration as well as an arbitrary chemical potential in the limit of strong on-site repulsion. The phase diagrams obtained in such a case are shown to consist of at least 9 different states, including four homogenous phases: nonordered (NO), ferromagnetic (F), charge ordered (CO), ferrimagnetic (intermediate, I) and five types of phase separation: NO-NO, F-NO, F-F, CO-F, CO-I.
Magnetic orderings and phase separations in the zero-bandwidth limit of the extended Hubbard model with intersite magnetic interactions
(Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics, al. Lotników 32-46, Pl-02-668 Warsaw, Poland, 2010-08) Kłobus, Waldemar; Kapcia, Konrad; Robaszkiewicz, Stanisław
A simple effective model for a description of magnetically ordered insulators is analysed. The tight binding Hamiltonian consists of the effective on-site interaction (U) and intersite magnetic exchange interactions (Jz, Jxy) between nearest-neighbours. The phase diagrams of this model have been determined within the variational approach, which treats the on-site interaction term exactly and the intersite interactions within the mean-field approximation. We show that, depending on the values of interaction parameters and the electron concentration, the system can exhibit not only homogeneous phases: (anti-)ferromagnetic (F) and nonordered (NO), but also phase separated states (PS: F-NO).
Magnets: Types, Uses and Safety
(Nova Science Publishers, 2012) Pawlak, Andrzej
The critical dynamics of sound is a very interesting field in which we can test modern concepts of the phase transition theory such as the universality of critical exponents, scaling or the crossover to another universality class etc. It is the aim of the study to present a general theory of critical sound propagation, which takes also into account some important nonasymptotic effects. In metallic magnets the critical anomalies in the sound attenuation coefficient are of different types than in magnetic insulators. The difference in the critical exponents used to be explained by the occurrence of different kinds of magnetoelastic coupling in the two classes of magnets mentioned. We will show in this chapter that one should assume coexistence of both types of coupling in all magnets. A very important role is played by the ratio of the spinlattice relaxation time to the characteristic time of spin fluctuations. It is a crucial parameter determining whether the sound attenuation coefficient reveals a strong or a weak singularity in a given material. After a short introduction the fundamental concepts of the phase transition theory such as critical exponents, the scaling and universality hypothesis etc are reviewed in Section 2 of this chapter. Section 3 presents the idea of critical slowing down, dynamic scaling as well as the presentation of the basic dynamic universality classes. In Section 4, the model describing the static behavior of acoustic degrees of freedom is investigated. The expressions for the adiabatic and the isothermal sound velocity are also derived. The phenomenological theory of critical sound propagation is presented in very intuitive way in Section 5, while Section 6 contains a detailed description of the dynamic model based on the coupled nonlinear Langevin equations of motion. Three basic regimes characterized by different critical exponents and scaling functions are distinguished in the sound attenuation coefficient. Crossover effects from the insulator-type regime to the metallic-type regime and to the highfrequency regime are demonstrated on the example of the ultrasonic data for MnF2. The concept of the effective sound attenuation exponent is introduced using the data reported for FeF2 and RbMnF3. The frequency dependent longitudinal sound velocity and its relation to the static quantities are discussed. Finally, the unsolved questions and future prospects in this field are outlined.
Metastability and phase separation in a simple model of a superconductor with extremely short coherence length
(Springer US, 233 Spring St, New York, NY 10013 USA, 2014-04) Kapcia, Konrad
We present studies of the atomic limit of the extended Hubbard model with pair hopping for arbitrary electron density and arbitrary chemical potential. The Hamiltonian consists of (i) the effective on-site interaction U and (ii) the intersite charge exchange term I, determining the hopping of electron pairs between nearest-neighbour sites. In the analysis of the phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of this model we treat the intersite interactions within the mean-field approximation. In this report we focus on metastable phases and determine their ranges of occurrence. Our investigations in the absence of the external magnetic field show that the system analysed exhibits tricritical behaviour. Two metastable phases (superconducting and nonordered) can exist inside the regions of the phase separated state stability and a first-order transition occurs between these metastable phases.
Meteoroid streams and their parent bodies
(Memorie della Societa Astronomica Italiana, 2011) Jopek, Tadeusz J.
Various points concerning meteoroid streams and their parent comets and asteroids are presented. The first connection between meteoroids and comets, among others, were established by G.V. Schiaparelli 150 years ago. The first computer search for meteoroid streams was made by Southworth and Hawkins 50 years ago. Since that time many investigators have been studied the problem of cometary and asteroidal origin of meteoroid streams. Many results have been established. In this study we made the most extensive search for streams and their parent bodies amongst photographic meteoroids, comets and minor planets. We used two D- distance functions and rigorous cluster analysis approach. The well known results have been confirmed -- several major streams and their parents have been identified. Also we found ten associations consisting mainly of the near Earth asteroids. The obtained results do not allow us to make a final conclusions about the genetic reality or the origin of these associations.
Monte Carlo study of phase separation in magnetic insulators
(Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics, al. Lotników 32-46, PL-02-668 Warsaw, Poland, 2015-02) Murawski, Szymon; Kapcia, Konrad Jerzy; Pawłowski, Grzegorz; Robaszkiewicz, Stanisław
In this work we focus on the study of phase separation in the zero-bandwidth extended Hubbard with nearest-neighbors intersite Ising-like magnetic interactions $J$ and on-site Coulomb interactions U. The system has been analyzed by means of Monte Carlo simulations (in the grand canonical ensemble) on two dimensional square lattice (with N=LxL=400 sites) and the results for U/(4J)=2 as a function of chemical potential and electron concentration have been obtained. Depending on the values of interaction parameters the system exhibits homogeneous (anti-)ferromagnetic (AF) or non-ordered (NO) phase as well as phase separation PS:AF/NO state. Transitions between homogeneous phases (i.e. AF-NO transitions) can be of first or second order and the tricritical point is also present on the phase diagrams. The electron compressibility $K$ is an indicator of the phase separation and that quantity is of particular interest of this paper.

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