Walka krajów naftowych ze światowym kartelem naftowym
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Date
1969
Authors
Advisor
Editor
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM
Title alternative
The Fight of the Oil Countries against the World Oil Cartel
Abstract
The underdeveloped countries which are rich in oil resources are putting up
a fight against the exploitation policy of the world oil cartel. The body which
is representing their interests is the OPEC organisation (Organisation of Petroleum
Exporting Countries). The setting up of this organisation was in fact a response
of the oil producing countries to the successive reduction of the information
price. OPEC is thus meant to constitute a kind of counterbalance to the world
cartel, which is getting most of its crude oil on the territories of the OPEC
countries. OPEC represents all Arab countries of the Near East, Venezuela, Indonesia,
Libya.
In the negotiations with the world cartel the OPEC brings forward numerous
postulates. Some of them constitute subjects of this summary. One of the most
important and complicated item are the information prices which serve as a basis
for computing the royalties due to the governments of the oil producing countries.
The next problem evolves around the regulation of the size of crude oil
production. There are also some other problems, e.g. the problem of separating
the concession fees from the income tax, the problem of raising the concession
fees to 20 per cent of the information price or last but not least the problem of
fixing a new proportion of dividing the profits on the 70 : 30 basis.
The fight put up by OPEC by exclusively economic means — has no good
prospects of success. The best way out of the difficulties seems to be the formation
of native capital which would undertake the business of oil extraction and
oil distribution. The fight with the world cartel is difficult because of .the political
weakness of the oil countries, the anxiety concerning the oil distribution (the
world's distribution network is mostly in the hands of the cartel) and the lack
of native skilled labour. The attempts to nationalize the oil industry have taken
place only in a few countries — they constituted, however, a bold example to the
other oil producing countries. Lately the nationalization trend slackened somehow,
on the other hand the formation of regional groupings are getting popular. There
are at present two such organisations: ARPEL — the Organisation of State Oil
Enterprises in Latin American Countries and APO — The Arab Oil Organisation.
Of course the mere setting up of new organisations does not yet mean the end of
the World Cartel — it does mean, however, that the times where it could control
unconditionally the oil resources are definitely over.
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Keywords
Citation
Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny 31, 1969, z. 1, s. 245-262