Dyplomacja Francji: ewolucja relacji na osi władzy Elysée–Matignon w układzie koabitacji
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2012
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Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Dziennikarstwa UAM
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French diplomacy: the evolution of relations along the Elysée–Matignon power axis in the cohabitation system
Abstract
The paper analyzes the decision-making process with respect to foreign policy and defense
in the French Fifth Republic. The author discusses the constitutional rights of the President, Prime Minister and Parliament to emphasize that the notion of the exclusive domain
(domaine réservé) of the head of the state has no legal grounds. In particular, she stresses the
variations in the practice of exercising power in these terms under two distinct political situations:
when the president and government are from the same political option, and when they
are not. She notes that given the political homogeneity of the President and the majority in the
National Assembly, the President, as the actual head of the unified party, becomes the focal
point in the creation and implementation of the policies for ‘his’ France, in particular of the
country’s foreign policy. This defies the stipulations of Articles 20 and 21 of the Constitution,
by virtue of which the government, headed by the Prime Minister, “determines and conducts
the policy of the nation.” The paper devotes considerable space to an analysis of the political
influence of cohabitation, i.e. the coexistence of a President of the Republic and a majority in
the National Assembly who represent different political orientations. This characterized the
political system of France for nine years (1986–1988, 1993–1995, 1997–2002) during the
evolution of the actual dependency on the Presidential and Prime Ministerial power axis (or
the Elysée–Matignon axis, as these state organs are commonly referred to) in the process of
shaping and conducting the international and European policy of the state. The role of the
Minister of Foreign Affairs is taken into account regarding the outcome of these changeable
relations.
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Przegląd Politologiczny, 2012, nr 1, s. 41-58.