Spór o człowieka: Wissarion Bieliński i Mikołaj Gogol. O dwóch modelach literackiego kodowania rzeczywistości
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Date
2012
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Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM
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The human as a subject of discussion: Wissarion Belinsky and Nikolay Gogol. About two models of literary encoding of reality
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to conduct a comparative analysis of two culture codes, semantic
and asemantico-asyntactic, as tools for ordering reality and discovering the meaning of
events. Belinsky and Gogol’s lives and their mutual relations are the subject of our research.
The antinomy, and even irreconcilability of codes is observed in concepts of the human and
the world. According to the semantic code which was used by Gogol, a person is a part and,
at the same time, a reflection of God’s order, and the world is dichotomic (sacral – sinful,
meaningful – meaningless, spiritual – material); it is an area for the fight between good and
evil. Belinski, in turn, following the asemantico-asyntactic code, put the human at the centre
of the rational world. At the beginning of the 40’s, when Belinsky could still interpret Gogol’s
writings within the frameworks of asyntactico-asemantic culture code, he regarded
himself as similar to Gogol. The split occurred after the book Chosen pieces of a correspondence
with friends was published. The tragedy of not being understood, which both great
Russian thinkers faced, was evidence for the existence of two separate sign and meaning
systems within one culture. It must be added that the systems developed against the background
of state order, which was coded by the syntactic culture code. Further research needs to
be conducted in this field.
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Keywords
Gogol, Belinsky, Culture codes, Russia, Lotman, Literature
Citation
Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne, 2012, nr 2, s.335–354