CZYNNIK EKONOMICZNY WE WSPÓŁCZESNYCH KONCEPCJACH LUDNOŚCIOWYCH
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Date
1998
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Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM
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ECONOMIC FACTOR IN CONTEMPORARY DEMOGRAPHIC CONCEPTIONS
Abstract
The article gives a review of conceptions related to the importance of economic factor as
a stimulator for population growth - on two planes: macro- and micro-social. In case of social
macro-structures the economic factor is considered within the framework of the so-called welfare
theory. Theoricians of welfare adopted different standpoints towards demographic factor. Starting
from classics of political economy up to neo-classics, e.i. from A. Smith to A. Marshall - the populations
theory was thoroughly submitted to the economy.
The article has presented synthetic conceptions of populations in context of economic factor
the authors of which were T. R. Malthus, J. S. Mill, A. C. Pigou, A. Marshall, J. M Keynes’
K. Marx.
The attention was also drawn to representatives of the so-called new economy of welfare:
N. Kaldor, M. W. Rader, J. R. Hicks, T. Scitovsky, J. Little, A. Bergson, A. Lemer. It comes out of
the research that further development of economy went towards development of the theories of
growth. Demographic factor in most growth models is approached exogenically (e.g. models by
E. D. Domar, R. F. Harrod, J. Von Neumann, M. Kalecki, J. M. Keynes, W. W. Leontiew). In forming
conceptions on micro-social plane two scientific disciplines - sociology and economy - have
marked their importance. First trend was built on a ground of the theory of economy and especially
- of the theory of a consumer’s behaviour. Foundations of demographic ecnonomic conceptions
were presented and their main representatives were: H. Leibenstein, G. S. Becker and R. A. Easterlin.
As far as the second trend of conceptual research is concerned - the one of sociological background
- the attention was drawn to conceptions of intermediating variables by K. Davies -
J. Blacke, J. Bongaarts, R. Freedman and also - to the theory of declined fertility by J. Caldwell.
After the review - presented in the article - o f conceptions met in contemporary social sciences
one can be oriented in main directions of scientific research.
Macro-economic approach was determined by theories of welfare. And then conceptions built
on micro-social plane have a character of hypotheses rather very theoretical and speculative. The
role of economic factor played in procreative decisions was proved, together with its imminent
effect and - above all - indirect influence through other factors.
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Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny 60, 1998, z. 3-4, s. 361-372