Dymarski, Włodzimierz2016-11-282016-11-281989Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny 51, 1989, z. 2, s. 191-210.0035-9629http://hdl.handle.net/10593/15917The second half of the 1970s and the first half of the 1980s were the periods of rapid fall of net increases of population in productive age together with an unprecedented in the post-war period decrease of the rate of economic activity of the population including people in productive age. The effects of those two processes affected first of all the socialized sector, the proportion of which : labour pool fell between 1979-1982 beneath the 1975 level. As to the private nonagricultural sector,, the number of employees doubled. In the analysed period, the structure of employment changed in favour of sectors providing services, and mostly at the expense of agriculture. Despite this, the force of the service sector was in 1986 equal to ca. 34% and was only 5 points higher than the proportion of agriculture and industry. A more distinct progress, especially in the 1980s, took place in the distribution structure of postprimary school graduates taking their first job in the socialized sector (no data are available with respect to the private sector). The share of the service sector exceeded in the mid—1980s 50%, of which nearly half fell to social infrastructure. This shift in proportions of graduates employment occured at a time of a decrease of their total number by 1/4 in comparison with the second half of the 1970s. The inability of Polish economy to adapt to diminishing reserves and decreasing growth of manpower resources was responsible for a gradual increase, since the early 1970s, of the labour shortage, deepened drastically in the first half of the 1980s in consequence of wrong economic decisions taken by central authorities. The number of vacancies was, in the end of 1986, close to 300 000 (three times more than the average for the years 1971 -1980) whereas the number of job seekers was only close to 5000. In the whole period the shortage was higher for men than for women, for workers than non-workers, for qualified workers rather than unqualified workers. Besides, it was a characteristic feature that a shortage of workers especially unqualified ones, grew quicker than the shortage of other employees. \polinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessArtykuł