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Item Between waves and patterns: Spin wave freezing in films with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction(American Physical Society, 2023-04-12) Kisielewski, Jan; Gruszecki, Paweł; Krawczyk, Maciej; Zablotskii, Vitalii; Maziewski, AndrzejThe relationship between waves and static pattern formation is an intriguing effect and remains unexplained in many areas of physics, including magnetism. We study the spin-wave-mediated spin reorientation transition (SRT) in magnetic films with uniaxial magnetic anisotropy and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). In particular, we show that propagating spin waves can freeze in the SRT, causing periodic magnetic domains to arise, which is reminiscent of the wave amplitude distribution. This process can take place under the influence of a change in the magnetic field, but also of other parameters. Interestingly, at the SRT, DMI nonreciprocity leads to the emergence of flowing magnetization patterns, which suggests a spontaneous breaking of translational symmetry, and the formation of magnonic space-time crystals. The described phenomena are general and should take place in a large family of magnetic materials. Therefore, the results should be of great importance for the further development of spintronics and magnonics.Item Observation of multi-directional energy transfer in a hybrid plasmonic-excitonic nanostructure(Wiley, 2022-12-08) Pincelli, Tommaso; Vasileiadis, Thomas; Dong, Shuo; Beaulieu, Samuel; Dendzik, Maciej; Zahn, Daniela; Lee, Sang-Eun; Seiler, Helene; Qi, Yinpeng; Xian, R.Patrick; Maklar, Julian; Coy, Emerson; Muller, Niclas S.; Okamura, Yu; Reich, Stephanie; Wolf, Martin; Laurenz, Rettig; Ralph, ErnstorferHybrid plasmonic devices involve a nanostructured metal supporting localized surface plasmons to amplify light–matter interaction, and a non-plasmonic material to functionalize charge excitations. Application-relevant epitaxial heterostructures, however, give rise to ballistic ultrafast dynamics that challenge the conventional semiclassical understanding of unidirectional nanometal-to-substrate energy transfer. Epitaxial Au nanoislands are studied on WSe2 with time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and femtosecond electron diffraction: this combination of techniques resolves material, energy, and momentum of charge-carriers and phonons excited in the heterostructure. A strong non-linear plasmon–exciton interaction that transfers the energy of sub-bandgap photons very efficiently to the semiconductor is observed, leaving the metal cold until non-radiative exciton recombination heats the nanoparticles on hundreds of femtoseconds timescales. The results resolve a multi-directional energy exchange on timescales shorter than the electronic thermalization of the nanometal. Electron–phonon coupling and diffusive charge-transfer determine the subsequent energy flow. This complex dynamics opens perspectives for optoelectronic and photocatalytic applications, while providing a constraining experimental testbed for state-of-the-art modelling.Item Optomechanical hot-spots in metallic nanorod-polymer nanocomposites(American Chemical Society, 2022-12-07) Vasileiadis, ThomasPlasmonic coupling between adjacent metallic nanoparticles can be exploited for acousto-plasmonics, single-molecule sensing, and photochemistry. Light absorption or electron probes can be used to study plasmons and their interactions, but their use is challenging for disordered systems and colloids dispersed in insulating matrices. Here, we investigate the effect of plasmonic coupling on optomechanics with Brillouin light spectroscopy (BLS) in a prototypical metal–polymer nanocomposite, gold nanorods (Au NRs) in polyvinyl alcohol. The intensity of the light inelastically scattered on thermal phonons captured by BLS is strongly affected by the wavelength of the probing light. When light is resonant with the transverse plasmons, BLS reveals mostly the normal vibrational modes of single NRs. For lower energy off-resonant light, BLS is dominated by coupled bending modes of NR dimers. The experimental results, supported by optomechanical calculations, document plasmonically enhanced BLS and reveal energy-dependent confinement of coupled plasmons close to the tips of NR dimers, generating BLS hot-spots. Our work establishes BLS as an optomechanical probe of plasmons and promotes nanorod–soft matter nanocomposites for acousto-plasmonic applications.Item Fast light-driven motion of polydopamine nanomembranes(American Chemical Society, 2021-12-14) Vasileiadis, Thomas; D’Alvise, Tommaso Marchesi; Saak, Clara-Magdalena; Pochylski, Mikolaj; Harvey, Sean; Synatschke, Christopher V.; Gapinski, Jacek; Fytas, George; Backus, Ellen H.G.; Weil, Tanja; Graczykowski, BartlomiejThe actuation of micro- and nanostructures controlled by external stimuli remains one of the exciting challenges in nanotechnology due to the wealth of fundamental questions and potential applications in energy harvesting, robotics, sensing, biomedicine, and tunable metamaterials. Photoactuation utilizes the conversion of light into motion through reversible chemical and physical processes and enables remote and spatiotemporal control of the actuation. Here, we report a fast light-to-motion conversion in few-nanometer thick bare polydopamine (PDA) membranes stimulated by visible light. Light-induced heating of PDA leads to desorption of water molecules and contraction of membranes in less than 140 μs. Switching off the light leads to a spontaneous expansion in less than 20 ms due to heat dissipation and water adsorption. Our findings demonstrate that pristine PDA membranes are multiresponsive materials that can be harnessed as robust building blocks for soft, micro-, and nanoscale actuators stimulated by light, temperature, and moisture level.Item Phonon Transport in the Gigahertz to Terahertz Range: Confinement, Topology and Second Sound(American Institute of Physics (AIP), 2022-05-09) Vasileiadis, Thomas; Reparaz, Juan Sebastian; Graczykowski, BartlomiejTransport of heat and hypersound with gigahertz (GHz) to terahertz (THz) phonons is crucial for heat management in electronics, mediating signal processing with microwave radiation, thermoelectrics, and various types of sensors based on nanomechanical resonators. Efficient control of heat and sound transport requires new materials, novel experimental techniques, and a detailed knowledge of the interaction of phonons with other elementary excitations. Wave-like heat transport, also known as second sound, has recently attracted renewed attention since it provides several opportunities for overcoming some of the limitations imposed by diffusive transport (Fourier’s regime). The frequency-domain detection of GHz-to-THz phonons can be carried out in a remote, non-destructive, and all-optical manner. The ongoing development of nanodevices and metamaterials made of low-dimensional nanostructures will require spatially resolved, time-resolved, and anisotropic measurements of phonon-related properties. These tasks can be accomplished with Brillouin light scattering (BLS) and various newly developed variants of this method, such as pumped-BLS. In the near future, pumped-BLS is expected to become useful for characterizing GHz topological nanophononics. Finally, second-sound phenomena can be observed with all-optical methods like frequency-domain thermoreflectance.Item Progress and Perspectives on Phononic Crystals(American Institute of Physics (AIP), 2021-04-22) Vasileiadis, Thomas; Varghese, Jeena; Babacic, Visnja; Gomis-Bresco, Jordi; Navarro Urrios, Daniel; Graczykowski, BartlomiejPhononic crystals (PnCs) control the transport of sound and heat similar to the control of electric currents by semiconductors and metals or light by photonic crystals. Basic and applied research on PnCs spans the entire phononic spectrum, from seismic waves and audible sound to gigahertz phononics for telecommunications and thermal transport in the terahertz range. Here, we review the progress and applications of PnCs across their spectrum, and we offer some perspectives in view of the growing demand for vibrational isolation, fast signal processing, and miniaturization of devices. Current research on macroscopic low-frequency PnCs offers complete solutions from design and optimization to construction and characterization, e.g., sound insulators, seismic shields, and ultrasonic imaging devices. Hypersonic PnCs made of novel low-dimensional nanomaterials can be used to develop smaller microelectromechanical systems and faster wireless networks. The operational frequency, compactness, and efficiency of wireless communications can also increase using principles of optomechanics. In the terahertz range, PnCs can be used for efficient heat removal from electronic devices and for novel thermoelectrics. Finally, the introduction of topology in condensed matter physics has provided revolutionary designs of macroscopic sub-gigahertz PnCs, which can now be transferred to the gigahertz range with advanced nanofabrication techniques and momentum-resolved spectroscopy of acoustic phonons.Item ALPL-1 Newtonian Ephemeris of the Planetary System Spanning 4000 years(Acta Astronomica, 1986) Dybczyński, P. A.; Jopek, TadeuszNumerical integration of the equations of motion of the Solar System Planets (except Mercury) is described. The continuous ephemeris obtained in result, spanning the time interval from 1918 BC to 2092 AD is presented.Item Self-imaging of spin waves in thin, multimode ferromagnetic waveguides(IEEE, 2022-01-04) Gołębiewski, Mateusz; Gruszecki, Paweł; Krawczyk, MaciejSelf-imaging of waves is an intriguing and spectacular effect. The phenomenon was first observed for light in 1836 by Henry Fox Talbot and to this day is the subject of research in many areas of physics, for various types of waves and in terms of different applications. This paper is a Talbot-effect study for spin waves in systems composed of a thin, ferromagnetic waveguide with a series of single-mode sources of spin waves flowing into it. The proposed systems are studied with the use of micromagnetic simulations, and the spin wave self-imaging dependencies on many parameters are examined. We formulated conditions required for the formation of self-images and suitable for experimental realization. The results of the research form the basis for the further development of self-imaging-based magnonic devices.Item Multifunctional operation of the double-layer ferromagnetic structure coupled by a rectangular nanoresonator(AIP Publishing, 2021-05-05) Roberjot, Pierre; Szulc, Krzysztof; Kłos, Jarosław W.; Krawczyk, MaciejThe use of spin waves as a signal carrier requires developing the functional elements allowing for multiplexing and demultiplexing information coded at different wavelengths. For this purpose, we propose a system of thin ferromagnetic layers dynamically coupled by a rectangular ferromagnetic resonator. We show that a single and double, clockwise and counter-clockwise, circulating modes of the resonator offer a wide possibility of control of propagating waves. Particularly, at frequency related to the double-clockwise circulating spin-wave mode of the resonator, the spin wave excited in one layer is transferred to the second one where it propagates in the backward direction. Interestingly, the wave excited in the second layer propagates in the forward direction only in that layer. This demonstrates add-drop filtering, as well as circulator functionality. Thus, the proposed system can become an important part of future magnonic technology for signal routing.Item Thermodynamic and electromagnetic properties of the eta--pairing superconductivity in the Penson-Kolb model(Elsevier, 2021-09-06) Czart, Wojciech Robert; Kapcia, Konrad Jerzy; Micnas, Roman; Robaszkiewicz, StanisławIn the paper, we study the thermodynamic and electromagnetic properties of the Penson-Kolb (PK) model, i.e., the tight-binding model for fermionic particles with the pair-hopping interaction J. We focus on the case of repulsive J (i.e., J<0), which can stabilize the eta-pairing superconductivity with Cooper-pair center-of-mass momentum $\vec{q}=\vec{Q}$, $\vec{Q}=(\pi/a$,$\pi/a$,\ldots). Numerical calculations are performed for several d-dimensional hypercubic lattices: d=2 (the square lattice, SQ), d=3 (the simple cubic lattice) and $d=\infty$ hypercubic lattice (for arbitrary particle concentration 00 as a function of n and pairing strength. The analysis of the effects of the Fock term on the ground state phase boundaries and on selected PK model characteristics is performed as well as the influence of the phase fluctuations on the eta-pairing superconductivity is investigated. Within the Kosterlitz-Thouless scenario, the critical temperatures Tkt are estimated for d=2 SQ lattice and compared with the critical temperature Tc obtained from HFA. We also determine the temperature Tm at which minimal gap between two quasiparticle bands vanishes in the eta-phase. Our results for repulsive J are contrasted with those found earlier for the PK model with attractive J (i.e., with J>0).Item Charge-order on the triangular lattice: Effects of next-nearest-neighbor attraction in finite temperatures(Elsevier, 2021-09-03) Konrad, Jerzy KapciaThe extended Hubbard model in the atomic limit, which is equivalent to lattice S=1/2 fermionic gas, is considered on the triangular lattice. The model includes onsite Hubbard U interaction and both nearest-neighbor (W1) and next-nearest-neighbor (W2) density-density intersite interactions. The variational approach treating the $U$ term exactly and the $W_l$ terms in the mean-field approximation is used to investigate thermodynamics of the model and to find its finite temperature (T>0) phase diagrams (as a function of particle concentration) for W1>0 and W2<0. Two different types of charge-order (i.e., DCO and TCO phases) within $\sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3}$ unit cells as well as the nonordered (NO) phase occur on the diagram. Moreover, several kinds of phase-separated (PS) states (NO/DCO, DCO/DCO, DCO/TCO, and TCO/TCO) are found to be stable for fixed concentration. Attractive W2}<0 stabilizes PS states at T=0 and it extends the regions of their occurrence at T>0. The evolution of the diagrams with increasing of |W2|/W1 is investigated. It is found that some of the PS states are stable only at T>0. Two different critical values of |W2|/W1 are determined for the PS states, in which two ordered phases of the same type (i.e., two domains of the DCO or TCO phase) coexist.Item IAU Meteor Data Center: the shower database(The National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan, 2021) Jopek, T. J.; Kokhirova, G. I.; Jenniskens, P.; Janches, D.; Hajdukova, M.; Rudawska, R.The IAU Working Group on Meteor Shower Nomenclature was established in 2006 to regulate the nomenclature of meteor showers reported in the scientific literature. One year later the International Astronomical Union Meteor Data Center shower database was implemented (IAU MDC). The database does not contain all information about the meteor showers. Its purpose is to give each new meteoroid stream, published in the scientific literature, a unique name and codes. During the “Meteoroids 2019” conference held in Bratislava, the IAU Working Group on Meteor Shower Nomenclature established new rules for the introduction and removal of meteor showers from the MDC. In this paper, we present a concise description of the meteor shower database, its origin, and struc- ture and, in particular, the current requirements for the introduction of new data, and unknown as well as known meteor showers.Item Charge-Order on the Triangular Lattice: A Mean-Field Study for the Lattice S = 1/2 Fermionic Gas(MDPI, 2021-04-30) Kapcia, Konrad JerzyThe adsorbed atoms exhibit tendency to occupy a triangular lattice formed by periodic potential of the underlying crystal surface. Such a lattice is formed by, e.g., a single layer of graphane or the graphite surfaces as well as (111) surface of face-cubic center crystals. In the present work, an extension of the lattice gas model to S=1/2 fermionic particles on the two-dimensional triangular (hexagonal) lattice is analyzed. In such a model, each lattice site can be occupied not by only one particle, but by two particles, which interact with each other by onsite U and intersite W1 and W2 (nearest and next-nearest-neighbor, respectively) density-density interaction. The investigated hamiltonian has a form of the extended Hubbard model in the atomic limit (i.e., the zero-bandwidth limit). In the analysis of the phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of this model with repulsive W1>0, the variational approach is used, which treats the onsite interaction term exactly and the intersite interactions within the mean-field approximation. The ground state (T=0) diagram for W2≤0 as well as finite temperature (T>0) phase diagrams for W2=0 are presented. Two different types of charge order within √3×√3 unit cell can occur. At T=0, for W2=0 phase separated states are degenerated with homogeneous phases (but T>0 removes this degeneration), whereas attractive W2<0 stabilizes phase separation at incommensurate fillings. For U/W1<0 and U/W1>1/2 only the phase with two different concentrations occurs (together with two different phase separated states occurring), whereas for small repulsive 0Item A Main Belt Asteroid: the Most Probable Cause of the Tunguska Event(Societa Astronomica Italiana, 2002) Jopek, Tadeusz J.; Gonczi, Robert; Froeschle, Christiane; Michel, Patric; Longo, Giuseppe; Foschini, LuigiWe studied the available scientific literature on the Tunguska event of 30 June 1908 to select a sample of atmospheric trajectories. Then we calculated a set of parameters from which we obtained 886 orbits. Using the model of Bottke and colleagues on dynamical properties of celestial bodies, we estimated the probabilities of different origins of the Tunguska Cosmic Body (TCB). Event though 6 of 886 orbits can be both asteroidal or cometary, the probability of an asteroidal origins remain s the highest.Item Meteoroid streams and their parent bodies(Memorie della Societa Astronomica Italiana, 2011) Jopek, Tadeusz J.Various points concerning meteoroid streams and their parent comets and asteroids are presented. The first connection between meteoroids and comets, among others, were established by G.V. Schiaparelli 150 years ago. The first computer search for meteoroid streams was made by Southworth and Hawkins 50 years ago. Since that time many investigators have been studied the problem of cometary and asteroidal origin of meteoroid streams. Many results have been established. In this study we made the most extensive search for streams and their parent bodies amongst photographic meteoroids, comets and minor planets. We used two D- distance functions and rigorous cluster analysis approach. The well known results have been confirmed -- several major streams and their parents have been identified. Also we found ten associations consisting mainly of the near Earth asteroids. The obtained results do not allow us to make a final conclusions about the genetic reality or the origin of these associations.Item Separation of meteor streams from the sporadic background(Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1995-01) Jopek, TadeuszA cluster analysis procedure has been used to estimate the fraction of the sporadic interlopers (sporadis bias) identified as stream members among the observed meteor orbits. Using the artificial meteor orbits with the same distribution as the observed one, the sporadic bias is estimated for the given threshold value of the orbital similarityD c. It has been shown that in case of the radio meteor catalogues theD c values given by the formula proposed in Southworth and Hawkins (1963)and in Lindblad (1971) correspond to the sporadic bias of 8 21%. For the five radio meteor catalogues the values ofD c corresponding to the fixed bias equal to 10% and 15% are given.Item Clear distinction between CAC and CMC revealed by high-resolution NMR diffusometry for a series of bis-imidazolium gemini surfactants in aqueous solutions(RSC, 2018-11) Szutkowski, Kosma; Kołodziejska, Żaneta; Pietralik, Zuzanna; Zhukov, Igor; Skrzypczak, Andrzej; Materna, Katarzyna; Kozak, MaciejThe aggregation behavior in the transition region was studied for a series of dicationic surfactants 3,3′-[α,ω-(dioxaalkane)]bis(1-dodecylimidazolium)dichlorides with varied spacer length from two to twelve carbon atoms. We employed Nuclear Magnetic Resonance diffusometry and Bayesian DOSY analysis to obtain the aggregate size distribution in the transition region. The critical concentrations CC were independently obtained from surface tension, electric conductivity, UV-Vis and NMR methods. The micelle aggregation numbers were estimated from the self-diffusion coefficients and were independently confirmed using steady-state fluorescence quenching. The morphology of the aggregates was characterized by small-angle scattering of synchrotron radiation and molecular dynamics simulations. The obtained CC values are identified as critical aggregation concentrations CAC. A broad transition region was observed, and stable micelles were obtained at much higher concentrations than CAC. The accurate CMC values could not be identified for the systems in the study. We indicated that the distribution of aggregate size becomes small and the system becomes homogeneous at much larger concentrations than CAC (typically 15–20 mM). The existence of a slow exchange between two environments, an aggregate and aqueous environment, was confirmed by 1H NMR and 2D HSQC NMR spectroscopy.Item Dysfunkcja akomodacji i metody jej badań(2010) Przekoracka-Krawczyk, Anna; Naskręcki, RyszardItem Magnets: Types, Uses and Safety(Nova Science Publishers, 2012) Pawlak, AndrzejThe critical dynamics of sound is a very interesting field in which we can test modern concepts of the phase transition theory such as the universality of critical exponents, scaling or the crossover to another universality class etc. It is the aim of the study to present a general theory of critical sound propagation, which takes also into account some important nonasymptotic effects. In metallic magnets the critical anomalies in the sound attenuation coefficient are of different types than in magnetic insulators. The difference in the critical exponents used to be explained by the occurrence of different kinds of magnetoelastic coupling in the two classes of magnets mentioned. We will show in this chapter that one should assume coexistence of both types of coupling in all magnets. A very important role is played by the ratio of the spinlattice relaxation time to the characteristic time of spin fluctuations. It is a crucial parameter determining whether the sound attenuation coefficient reveals a strong or a weak singularity in a given material. After a short introduction the fundamental concepts of the phase transition theory such as critical exponents, the scaling and universality hypothesis etc are reviewed in Section 2 of this chapter. Section 3 presents the idea of critical slowing down, dynamic scaling as well as the presentation of the basic dynamic universality classes. In Section 4, the model describing the static behavior of acoustic degrees of freedom is investigated. The expressions for the adiabatic and the isothermal sound velocity are also derived. The phenomenological theory of critical sound propagation is presented in very intuitive way in Section 5, while Section 6 contains a detailed description of the dynamic model based on the coupled nonlinear Langevin equations of motion. Three basic regimes characterized by different critical exponents and scaling functions are distinguished in the sound attenuation coefficient. Crossover effects from the insulator-type regime to the metallic-type regime and to the highfrequency regime are demonstrated on the example of the ultrasonic data for MnF2. The concept of the effective sound attenuation exponent is introduced using the data reported for FeF2 and RbMnF3. The frequency dependent longitudinal sound velocity and its relation to the static quantities are discussed. Finally, the unsolved questions and future prospects in this field are outlined.Item Critical Sound Propagation in Magnets(Nova Science Publishers, 2009) Pawlak, AndrzejThe critical dynamics of sound is a very interesting field in which we can test modern concepts of the phase transition theory such as the universality of critical exponents, scaling or the crossover to another universality class etc. It is the aim of the study to present a general theory of critical sound propagation, which takes also into account some important nonasymptotic effects. In metallic magnets the critical anomalies in the sound attenuation coefficient are of different types than in magnetic insulators.The difference in the critical exponents used to be explained by the occurrence of different kinds of magnetoelastic coupling in the two classes of magnets mentioned. We will show in this chapter that one should assume coexistence of both types of coupling in all magnets. A very important role is played by the ratio of the spin-lattice relaxation time to the characteristic time of spin fluctuations. It is a crucial parameter determining whether the sound attenuation coefficient reveals a strong or a weak singularity in a given material. After a short introduction the fundamental concepts of the phase transition theory such as critical exponents, the scaling and universality hypothesis etc are reviewed in Section 2 of this chapter. Section 3 presents the idea of critical slowing down, dynamic scaling as well as the presentation of the basic dynamic universality classes. In Section 4, the model describing the static behavior of acoustic degrees of freedom is investigated. The expressions for the adiabatic and the isothermal sound velocity are also derived. The phenomenological theory of critical sound propagation is presented in very intuitive way in Section 5, while Section 6 contains a detailed description of the dynamic model based on the coupled nonlinear Langevin equations of motion. Three basic regimes characterized by different critical exponents and scaling functions are distinguished in the sound attenuation coefficient. Crossover effects from the insulator-type regime to the metallic-type regime and to the high-frequency regime are demonstrated on the example of the ultrasonic data for MnF2. The concept of the effective sound attenuation exponent is introduced using the data reported for FeF2 and RbMnF3. The frequency dependent longitudinal sound velocity and its relation to the static quantities are discussed. Finally, the unsolved questions and future prospects in this field are outlined.