Browsing by Author "Barankiewicz, Tomasz"
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Item Multicentryczność systemu standardów etycznych administracji publicznej(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Barankiewicz, TomaszIn the last few decades throughout the world, and since 1989 in Poland, we have observed a growing role of ethics in public administration. The emergence of a postindustrial society, the processes of globalization and the convergence of administrative cultures have created a new perspective on the tasks of administration in accomplishing the needs of the society. In the new social environment there have appeared new categories of thinking about administration such as openness, transparency, social responsibility and citizen participation in executing powers. In this paper, a concept of an expanded or multi-central system of ethical standards in public administration has been formulated against these complex causes.The refl ections are focused on the theoretical as well as the normative level. In the case of the former it is argued that the complex system of standards can be explained on the basis of a cultural analysis, for example, the intellectual heritage of the western thought. This argument is based on the fact that, on the one hand, law as a certain system of norms is founded on the principle of non-contradiction, while on the other hand, the constituted law cannot be isolated from other regulators of social life. In accord with the applied social and cultural argument, the principle of non-contradiction refers to the whole axiological and normative system of a given culture. The cultural approach applied here points to both the diversity as well as the unity of cultural patterns and rules in social life.On the normative level, and in accord with the accepted theoretical assumptions, the multi-central system of the source of ethical standards of public administration is identifi ed as one that is based on the following sources: 1. legal regulations (acts or statutes), 2. soft law and codes of ethics, 3. standards of the organizational culture and mission of administration, 4. orders or recommendations of a superior, 5. social norms of morality, and 6. general human morality. In practice, due to the complexity and diversity of the system,Item O pożytkach interpretacyjnych brytyjskiej filozofi i analitycznej(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2015) Barankiewicz, TomaszThe article enumerates the main models of language analysis which constitute the achievements of British analytic philosophy of the 20th century. They are as follows: 1. descriptive analysis of linguistic expressions, characteristic of the philosophy of G.E. Moore; 2. analysis as logical reconstruction, so called a “hard” analytical approach, proposed by G. Frege and B. Russell as well as L. Wittgenstein from the early period of his views; 3. therapeutic interpretation of language, when it is assumed that philosophical problems stem from errors and faulty language (J.L. Austin, G. Ryle and L. Wittgenstein of the second period of views); 4. the model of connective analysis, which is based on the assumption that concepts form a well-ordered system, where each of the elements can be properly interpreted only through mutual relations, i.e. through a defi ned position and function with respect to the other elements of the system (P.F. Strawson).Common among Polish theoreticians of law, mainly by M. Zieliński, the principle omnia sunt interpretanda (all and always should be interpreted) points out to the conditions of wider understanding of the choice of legal interpretation methods. The presented models of analysis of the British twentieth century analytic philosophy justify the necessity of the use of interpretation because of the full “restoration” of the contents of a legal norm. Too narrow approaches to interpretative analysis of lan-guage, confi ned merely to so-called “therapeutic” treatments, removing ambiguity, lack of clarity or focus, as well as error in the legal text, should be regarded as untenable. After reviewing the main models of analysis, it can be reasonably argued that in the phenomenon of language, its interpretation and openness to interpretation, as well as liaison with the pragmatic elements resulting from social communication,