Browsing by Author "Borejszo, Maria"
Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Gwarowe nazwy ubiorów w Słowniku warszawskim(Wydawnictwo „Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne” i Wydawnictwo Poznańskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Nauk, 2013) Borejszo, MariaThe article discusses slang lexis related to garment names, documented in Słownik języka polskiego [Dictionary of Polish Language] by Jan Karłowicz, Adam Kryński, and Władysław Niedźwiedzki (vols. I–VIII, Warszawa 1900–1927). Many of the words are unknown to literary Polish of the first decades of the 20th century, and some differ in their pronunciation, structure, or meaning from garment dictionary used in standard Polish. As the research suggests, the slang material documented in the dictionary is not only rich, but also varied in terms of form and meaning. Characteristically, many words are unstable. Słownik warszawski contains particularly many words for outer garments. Unfortunately, the editing layout of entries in the dictionary makes it impossible to localize the origin of each garment name, and consequently to link it to a particular slang. The explanations of words in the dictionary are usually very short, which often not enough to reconstruct the look and purpose of a garment.Item Obraz pasterzy w staropolskich kolędach i pastorałkach (na materiale tzw. „kantyczek karmelitańskich” z XVII I XVIII wieku) cz. II(Wydawnictwo Poznańskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Nauk, 2013) Borejszo, MariaThis article is an attempt at reconstructing the image reflected in Old Polish Christmas carols of the activities pursued by shepherds following the news of the Saviour’s birth. The analysed material comes from the so-called “Carmelite Canticles” written in the 18th century for the Krakow female Carmelites. The research results suggest that a large part of the stories included in the Carmelite manuscripts of Christmas carols were modelled on the compositional structure of a classic Polish Christmas carol. This consisted of three elements: 1) the angels notifying the shepherds that the Saviour was born; 2) the confusion among the awoken shepherds, their preparations for leaving and the trip to Bethlehem; 3) paying homage to the Infant Jesus on arrival, presenting their gifts, shared celebrations at the manger and the shepherds’ return home. The analysed works demonstrate that the described events bear a strong Polish touch. In old Polish carols the shepherds were presented as a group of impoverished yet well-organized members of a rural society, capable of rational decisions and specific activities in unaccustomed circumstances. Special attention should be paid to the hierarchy among shepherds; it favoured the elder and best educated individuals, collective decision-making and care for all members of the shepherding community, including those less physically fit. The image of the shepherds preserved in the carols is very realistic, diversified and dynamic. Their quite detailed descriptions give an indication of how the poor lived in Polish villages of the 17th and 18th centuries and how well these communities were organized.Item Świat ptaków w staropolskich kolędach i pastorałkach (na materiale "Kantyczek karmelitańskich" z XVII i XVIII wieku)(Wydawnictwo Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne i Wydawnictwo Poznańskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Nauk, 2011) Borejszo, MariaThe article discusses the image of birds as documented in Kantyczki karmelitańskie [Carmelite canticles] from the 17th and the 18th centuries published by Barbara Krzyżaniak in 1980. Birds are to be found in more than 30 lyrics of Christmas carols (for the total number of 357 contained in the set under scrutiny). These include mainly domestic birds, very well-known both to the authors of the canticles and to the recipients and users of Polish Christmas carols and Christmas festivity songs. In total, about 60 species of birds are specified, including two exotic birds (the canary and the parrot). The bird’s realm was used in Christmas carols for different purposes, e.g. in the descriptions of the Bethlehem shed that is inhabited by petty birds, mentioned on account of the enumeration of gifts given to Jesus by shepherds, in accounts of the Flight to Egypt by the Holy Family, and in descriptions of the joy of the whole of the world of nature at the birth of the Saviour. It is worth noting that creators of Christmas carols did not limit themselves to just mentioning names of particular species of birds, but also provide a description of characteristics, sometimes a detailed one, such as the appearance and behaviour of its particular representatives. The carols include, for example, information on the habitat of birds, type and colouring of the plumage, common sounds made by various birds, staple food of birds, the shape of the beak and the size of the gullet. The birds pictured in the Christmas carols were either members of a village band up in the air (some sort of flying band), joyfully proclaiming Good News to the world (a motif often made used of in old-Polish Christmas carols and festive songs), or gathered at the manger to perform menial services and functions in real word reserved only for humans. Birds take on typically human behaviour, show human dispositions and fancies, customs and habits (e.g. wine or beer drinking in the nuptials).