Browsing by Author "Gruchman, Bohdan"
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Item Nowy paradygmat rozwoju regionalnego(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 1992) Gruchman, BohdanAnew paradigm of regional development is emerging in West-European countries. It is based on local innovative networks. Key conditions for the establishment of such networks are: the existenee of numerous small-scale enterprises which operate in cooperation organized horizontally and an integrated local labour market, which generates a social learning process and lasting incentives to innovate. The Polish economy is currently in a transformation process from a centralized command system to a market economy similar to that existing in Western mdustnalized countries. In the course of this transformation numerous new small and middle-size enterprises are being established. This process is differentiated regionally; in some regions it is already far advanced. More difficult is the establishment of balanced local labour markets Unemployment runs high in many areas. High inflation, structural recession and many uncertainties are barriers to development of a local learning process and of an incentive mechanism foi innovations. Yet, in some Polish regions efforts are being made to establish an organizational infrastructure which could i. p in establishing viable local innovative networks.Item Planowanie regionalne w krajach azjatyckich: diagnoza stanu i potrzeb(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 1979) Gruchman, BohdanThe article contains results of two questionnaires prepared by the author early in 1978 with the assistance of planners and planning institutions of several Asiatic countiries on the state of regional planning and training requlirements in this region of the world. In response to growing demand many countries in Asia have developed an extensive organizational infrastructure for regional planning. Within this framework various kinds of regional plans are being prepared, often with considerable assistance of foreign experts and institutions. Although interesting attempts are being made to implement regional plans a major weakness of regional planning in many Asiatic counitiries is its labk of implementaitional power. The countries of Asia urgently need substantially increased numbers of qualified regional planners in order to meet the growing demand and to overcome all major weaknesses of this kind of planning.Item Przestrzenne aspekty planowania rozwoju w krajach trzeciego świata(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 1970) Gruchman, BohdanDevelopment planning is growing in popularity among countries of the third world. However, this kind of planning pays little attention to regional dimensions of growth. There is a striking similarity of the said situation in the third world with that existing in the developed countries in their earlier stages of growth. Yet, strong arguments speak in favour of a different approach in this respect. The labour market of the developing countries has distinct regional features, which call for a separate treatment of each region. The economic and social infrastructure, necessary as a base for any acceleration of growth, must be analyzed in a regional context in order to be expanded in an efficient way and in the most desired direction. Finally, the process of industrialization, which no developing country can afford to bypass on its path to higher income requires a locational policy of agglomeration in order to generate external economics as means to overcome obstacles to faster development. In order to play the required role regional planning must be integrated with national development planning and be treated as equal to sectoral planning. It should cover all regions and not only those which offer the best prospects of positively influencing the rate of growth. This does not necessarily mean that the growth rate of all regions should be equal. Two stages of work are proposed for regional planning within the framework of national developmen planning: one concerned with project identification and the other with project selection.Item ROZWÓJ REGIONALNY POLSKI W PERSPEKTYWIE CZŁONKOSTWA W UNII GOSPODARCZO-WALUTOWEJ(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2006) Gruchman, BohdanPoland’s membership in the European Monetary Union is still a relatively distant event. However if one considers the slow pace of structural change in regional development the exciting differences in this field in Poland could amount to a major obstacle in the smooth transition to the single currency even if this takes more years to come. The transition period to the market economy (1989/90-2004) did not eliminate existing sharp differences in the development level of the Polish regions. They still exist despite the investment outlays considerably augmented owning to EU pre-accession aid and the Integrated Operational Programme of Regional Development for the years 2004-2006. In order to obtain satisfactory results from structural Funds forseen for the period 2007-2013 it is necessary to better coordinate investment projects stemming from different sectoral programmes with the 16 regional ones (in order to get higher spill-over effects or value added). More attention should be paid to investment in human capital. Simultaneously the territorial and social mobility of labour in Poland should be increased and greater wage elasticity introduced in order to better prepare the economy for a unified monetary policy and possible external shocks. Hence, the current concept of regional development policy should be revised substantially.