Browsing by Author "Kaszycka, Katarzyna A."
Now showing 1 - 11 of 11
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Atrakcyjność fizyczna - obiektywne i subiektywne składowe oceny(Polskie Towarzystwo Antropologiczne, 1988) Strzałko, Jan; Kaszycka, Katarzyna A.PHYSICAL ATTRACTIVENESS INTERPERSONAL AND INTRAPERSONAL VARIABILITY; OF, ASSESSMENTS. ...On .the.,basis, of face photographs, a ;team of .50 male, judges assessed th e ; physical ittractiveness of 64 young women. The consistency of the opinions of the judges was investigated in reference :o the attractiveness of the persons being assessed, the’relationship of the assessments with moiphoiogtari "acial features - both of the persons being assessed and the-observers, and the mutual similarity of the persons defined; by the given judge as attractive.! The discussion i refers to soeiobiological problems.Item Dymorfizm płciowy południowoafrykańskich australopiteków(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, Poznań, 2010) Kaszycka, Katarzyna A.The aim of this research was to determine the degree and pattern of sexual dimorphism in the South African Plio-Pleistocene hominids – the australopithecines – and to relate these to extant African apes (of known sex, behavior and ecology) in order to make suggestions about aspects of social behavior of these early hominids. The results are based on metrical analyses of craniofacial and dental remains. The magnitude of sexual dimorphism was evaluated by various statistical methods, based on assessing parameters of distribution of variables. This work reveals that the South African “robust” australopithecines possessed a combination of small canine size dimorphism and increased (almost gorilla-like) level of facial dimorphism.Item Facial growth and remodeling in the australopithecines - a review(Polskie Towarzystwo Antropologiczne, 1998) Kaszycka, Katarzyna A.The purpose of this paper is to review the previous investigations of the facial growth and remodeling patterns of early hominids (the australopithecines), and to present some of the problems that arise from these kinds of analysis.Item Funkcjonalno-adaptacyjne uwarunkowania zmienności morfologicznej twarzy australopiteków(Polskie Towarzystwo Antropologiczne, 1994) Kaszycka, Katarzyna A.MORPHOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES WITHIN AUSTRALOPITHECINE FACES AS A REFLECTION OF DISTINCT FUNCTIONAL ADAPTATIONS. The purpose of this paper is to discuss whether the differences in the faces of three australopithecine species (A africanus, A. robustus and A. boisei) are responses to different dietary adaptations.Item Koncepcje gatunku: Przegląd i ocena stosowalności do badań materiałów kopalnych(Polskie Towarzystwo Antropologiczne, 1996) Kaszycka, Katarzyna A.SPECIES CONCEPTS: REVIEW AND EVALUATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THEIR APPLICABILITY TO FOSSILS. In this paper, three major species concepts were reviewed and critically evaluated: the biological, the evolutionary and the phylogenetic species concepts. Both: ontological issues (what species are), and epistomological issues (how to recognize species) were discussed.Item Materiał szkieletowy z katedry gnieźnieńskiej (X/XI - XVII wiek)(Polskie Towarzystwo Antropologiczne, 1987) Kaszycka, Katarzyna A.A cranio- and osteometric analysis was made of skeletons excavacated form the basement of the Cathedral since 1957. Basic statistical characteristics of selected metrical traits were presented. A comparative analysis was conducted between the Gniezno series and other mediaeval Polish series.Item Phylogenetic systematics perspective and problems with ancestral species - theoretical considerations(Polskie Towarzystwo Antropologiczne, 1999) Kaszycka, Katarzyna A.The paper summarizes the main assumptions and procedures of phylogenetic systematics (cladistics), and presents problems with identifying common ancestral species from this perspectiveItem Race: Tradition and convenience, or taxonomic reality? More on the race concept in Polish anthropology(Polskie Towarzystwo Antropologiczne, 2003) Kaszycka, Katarzyna A.; Strzałko, JanAgainst the background of the race debate and the principal elements of the current understanding of human intraspecific variation, we present the status of the race concept in Polish anthropology. Using questionnaires, we twice surveyed physical anthropologists about their agreement with the statement "There are biological races within he species Homo sapiens." In the 1999 study, 62% of respondents disagreed with race (defined as subspiecies) and 31% accepted it. In the 2001 study, this proportion was reversed: only 25% rejected race (by any definition) with the remaining respondents (75%) differing widely as to its accepted meaning. Each time, age was significant factor in differentiating the replies - in general, acceptance of race increased with age while rejection declined. It appears that Polish anthropologists regard race as a term without taxonomic value and often in a populational sense. Here we point out, however, the risks associated with the "metaphorical" use of the term "race", as it relativizes the essential error of perceiving the existence of subspecific taxa within our species.Item Subiektywna ocena rozmiarów ciała(Polskie Towarzystwo Antropologiczne, 1988) Strzałko, Jan; Lewicki, Piotr K. T.; Kaszycka, Katarzyna A.THE SUBJECTIVE ESTIMATION OF THE BODY DIMENSIONS was investigated on 1372 school- -children of both sexes aged 11-18 years. The analysis of the consistency of estimations (selfestimations and mutual estimations) with the real values of the particular traits (stature, body weight and hand muscle strength) permitted to draw conclusions referring to the perception of the morphological diversity, of man.Item Zastosowanie analizy kladystycznej do rekonstrukcji filogenezy hominidów(Polskie Towarzystwo Antropologiczne, 1993) Kaszycka, Katarzyna A.RECONSTRUCTION OF HOMINID PHYLOGENY ON THE BASIS OF CLADISTIC ANALYSIS. Phylogenetic relationships among eight hominid taxa (the Australopithecines and Homo) are examined using cladistic techniques. Data on morphological and morphometric characters of fossil hominid crania, mandibles and dentition were collected from the literature. Cladograms were constructed using the PAUP phylogeny program to find the best fitting (maximum parsimony) hypotheses. Two equally the most parsimonious cladograms were found. The genus Homo is confirmed to be monophyletic, while Australopithecus is not. Results of this analysis support a close phylogenetic relationship of A.africanus to both Homo and the "robust” Australopithecine clades. Even though the relationships of A.aethiopicus (WT17000) are ambiguous, the most parsimonious cladograms do not place this species as a sister taxon of both A.boisei and A.robustus.Item Zrożnicowanie plio-plejstoceńskich Hominidae III. Konsekwencje taksonomiczne i antropogenetyczne(Polskie Towarzystwo Antropologiczne, 1986) Kaszycka, Katarzyna A.This work presents the final part of a cycle of articles among which the two latter ones discussed the morphology, ecology and sexual dimorphism of early hominids called Australopithecines. The present part evaluates two different interpretations of hominid phylogeny: multi-species hypothesis and the single species one. The proposals of R. Broom; Louis, Mary and Richard Leakey; J. Robinson, D. Pilbeam and M. Zwell; and D. Johanson and T. White have been discussed. Attention has been concentrated on cases of unjustified multiplication of terminology (Table 1), essential erroneous interpretations (e.g. Zinjanthropus), and fluctuations of taxonomic views, the dietary hypothesis (Table 2, Fig. 1), conceptions following from the discovery of Homo habitis (Fig.6), and the discoveries from Hadar and Laetoli (Fig.7,8). The above hypotheses are opposed by the proposal of M. Wolpoff and C. Brace basing mainly on the data about sexual dimorphism of Piio-Pleistocene hominids, a high allometric variability, réévaluation of J. Robinson’s hypothesis and on the rejection of the taxon Homo habilis. In the discussion the author deals more extensively with the single species hypothesis, indicating its weak points (option in the use of metric data - Table 7, and interpretation through allometry) but pointing out its merits as well. In the conclusion the author states that the discussion concerning the phylogenetic systematics of Plio-Pleistocene hominids has not been terminated yet. In the present state of studies the most convincing seems to be the hypothesis of two lineages proposed among others by Pilbeam and Zwell, and Johanson and White. According to them the direct ancestor of the modern man is the form of Homo habilis, while Australopithecus robustus represents a sidebranch of the phylogenetic tree. The problem which of the Plio-Pleistocene forms was the common ancestor of the mentioned lineages requires a solution.