Browsing by Author "Krzymowski, Adam"

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    Strategic Significance of Joint Committees for Cooperation Between Three Seas Initiative’s Countries and the United Arab Emirates
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Nauk Politycznych i Dziennikarstwa UAM, 2023) Krzymowski, Adam
    The 21st century has brought many changes both in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and in the Middle East, where the United Arab Emirates demonstrates its will play the role of a leader in many initiatives in the international arena. In 2016, 12 CEE countries launched the Three Seas Initiative (3SI) for the implementation of strategic economic projects to adapt to new international challenges. This research paper aims to find an answer to the research question of what is the Joint Committees’ – J(E)C role and significance for relations between the United Arab Emirates and Three Seas Initiative countries? To achieve the set research goal, both quantitative and qualitative methods were applied, considering the quantitative potential of the analysed countries’ power to adapt to the international environment and influence its players. Then, a comparative analysis was used in terms of J(E)C sessions, top-level visits, and trade trends. The research findings show that the most important thing to achieve the strategic level of relations is the political will and the appropriate strategy. However, countries with high potential, and perceived power, do not need J(E)C for the stable development of economic cooperation. The research results indicate that in strategic partnership with the UAE, Austria has a role and position in energy and Romania in transport. On the other hand, Poland connecting both strategic routes appear as an economic hub. XXI wiek przyniósł duże zmiany zarówno w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej (CEE), jak i na Bliskim Wschodzie, w którym Zjednoczone Emiraty Arabskie demonstrują wolę odgrywania roli lidera wielu inicjatyw na arenie międzynarodowej. Natomiast w 2016 roku 12 państw CEE zainaugurowały Inicjatywę Trójmorza (3SI) służącą realizacji strategicznych gospodarczych projektów w celu adaptacji do nowych wyzwań międzynarodowych. Celem pracy jest znalezienie odpowiedzi na pytanie badawcze jaka jest rola Wspólnych Komitetów i ich znaczenie dla relacji pomiędzy państwami Inicjatywy Trójmorza a Zjednoczonymi Emiratami Arabskimi? Aby zrealizować wyznaczony cel badawczy, zostały zastosowane metody ilościowe, jak i jakościowe, biorąc pod uwagę ilościowy potencjał siły analizowanych państw do adaptacji do środowiska międzynarodowego, jak i oddziaływania na innych aktorów. Następnie, dokonano analizy porównawczej w aspekcie przeprowadzonych sesji J(E)C oraz wizyt najwyższego szczebla, tendencji wymiany handlowej. Wyniki badania ukazują, że do osiągnięcia strategicznego poziomu relacji jest najważniejsza wola polityczna oraz stosowna strategia. Jednak, państwom o dużym potencjale, dla stabilnego rozwoju współpracy gospodarczej nie jest konieczne J(E)C. Rezultat badań wskazuje na rolę i pozycję Austrii w energetycznym strategicznym partnerstwie z ZEA, zaś Rumunię w wymiarze transportowym. Natomiast, w sposób naturalny Polska łącząca oba szlaki strategiczne, jawi się jako gospodarczy hub.
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    The Weimar Triangle: France, Germany, Poland in the Middle East. United Arab Emirates Perspective
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Nauk Politycznych i Dziennikarstwa Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2021) Krzymowski, Adam
    The article’s scientific goal is to investigate the Weimar Triangle countries’ relations with the United Arab Emirates. Therefore, the author asks the research question. Are the Weimar Triangle states’ role and significance increasing in the external dimension of the European Union? Based on the example of the United Arab Emirates, the research adopted a hypothesis. It is the statement that after Brexit, the Weimar Triangle countries have a chance to improve their importance in the EU external activities. Apart from case studies, to revise the hypothesis, the author performed a meticulous comparative analysis. Moreover, the research implemented International Practice Theory as an appropriate tool to investigate the presented issue. This empirical research and its findings resulted from over ten years of the author’s direct observation, analysis, and participation in many initiatives, both in the European Union and in the United Arab Emirates. The Middle East for the Weimar Triangle countries is more significant than just from a trade potential perspective. The situation in this region is also affecting Europe, as well as global security architecture. For this reason, one should develop a coherent and comprehensive EU foreign and security policy towards the region, and the Weimar Triangle formula should be one of its pillars.
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    Water as a Weapon of War in the Tigris-Euphrates Basin
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Nauk Politycznych i Dziennikarstwa Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2019) Krzymowski, Adam
    The paper aims to present water as a weapon of war in the Tigris-Euphrates Basin, as well as the role and significance of water for a new architecture of global security. The main goal of the study is to find an answer to the research question of whether water the Tigris-Euphrates Basin will be still a tool for fighting or cooperation as an effective tool for facing strategic challenges. The research hypothesis is that the issue of challenges related to water in the Euphrates River basin will, first of all, follow the social and political-economic relations between Turkey, Iraq and Syria and external factors. The research was conducted using a descriptive-analytical method. Moreover, this research is based on the neorealist theory of international relations, and the concept of international constellation analysis, as well as the theory of neo-institutionalism. Future anarchical global security architecture will lead to a hegemonic system of water relations. Therefore, without international coordination and far-reaching strategy in the face of the emerging anarchic global security structure, stable water cooperation in this region cannot be reached.