Browsing by Author "Matczak, Piotr"
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Item Application of the ecosystem services concept in environmental policy - A systematic empirical analysis of national level policy documents in Poland(Elsevier, 2016-05) Mączka, Krzysztof; Matczak, Piotr; Pietrzyk-Kaszyńska, Agata; Rechciński, Marcin; Olszańska, Agnieszka; Cent, Joanna; Grodzińska-Jurczak, MałgorzataWe explore the occurrence of the ecosystem services (ES) concept in public policies in Poland by providing a systematic content analysis of national environmental policies. A detailed analysis of the legal acts, national strategies, and decrees using the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services codes, which embraces a full range of ES, shows that the ES concept is reflected in the investigated documents. However, it is mainly depicted in an indirect, latent form. We further explore the ES concept occurrence in the Polish legislation with in-depth interviews of experts. From the interviews we identify two general groups of barriers to the ES concept implementation in environmental policy: (a) a limited understanding and acknowledgement of the concept among individuals involved in policy making; and (b) sectoral divisions within environmental governance that hinder the spread of the concept. Analysis reveals that the concept of services for society provided by nature had already been perceived in Polish national environmental policies before the emergence of the ES concept and the implementation of the EU biodiversity policy. However, the concept is referred to mostly in a latent form, before and after its emergence.Item Conflicts in Ecosystem Services Management: Analysis of stakeholder participation in Natura 2000 in Poland(Elsevier, 2021-03) Mączka, Krzysztof; Matczak, Piotr; Jeran, Agnieszka; Chmielewski, Piotr Jerzy; Baker, SusanThe relationship between specific ecosystem services (ES) and different types of conflicts are explored to aid understanding of the barriers to effective biodiversity conservation management. Drawing from conflict theory, content analysis is undertaken of public documents generated during consultations about Natura 2000 management that were conducted in Poland between 2010−2015. Results show the links between conflict over conservation planning and stakeholders’ perceptions of potential threats to their access to, and use of, particular ecosystem types. Cultural and provisioning ES generate more conflict, with conflict over cultural ES dominating. Conflict over the value of conservation itself was less prevalent, indicating a general agreement about the need for conservation planning. The lack of standardized procedures for reporting on public consultation process negatively effected institutional memory and limited the opportunities for learning lessons from past mistakes and from good practices.Item Cost-Effectiveness of CCTV Surveillance Systems: Evidence from a Polish City(Springer, 2022-09) Matczak, Piotr; Wójtowicz, Andrzej; Dąbrowski, Adam; Mączka, KrzysztofClosed-circuit television (CCTV) surveillance has been increasingly popular worldwide as a crime prevention measure, while its effectiveness, efficiency, and related privacy issues are debated. In this paper, we investigated whether the municipal CCTV surveillance system is cost-effective in the case study of Poznan, Poland. The analysis comprised (a) the preventive effectiveness of CCTV, (b) costs of CCTV surveillance system installation and operation, and (c) costs of crime. We collected police data on three categories of street crimes: (a) car burglary/theft, (b) car damage, and (c) robbery, as well as data on the costs of CCTV surveillance system construction and maintenance. We searched for a year after installing the CCTV system when the accumulated, hypothetical financial cost of crime was higher than the actual accumulated cost of crime and CCTV installation and maintenance in any treatment area. The number of crimes in a given category was predicted based on a comparable control area, where there were no cameras. Our study suggests that CCTV surveillance is cost-ineffective in most areas. This result implies the cautious development of CCTV surveillance, taking into account the target crime types and costs, including social costs and benefits. Evaluating cost-effectiveness, although considered as a robust measure, is in practice difficult. However, analysis of the correlation between land use characteristics and cost-effectiveness may provide practical advice on where to develop CCTV surveillance monitoring.Item Geo-Questionnaire for Environmental Planning: The Case of Ecosystem Services Delivered by Trees in Poland(MDPI, 2021-12) Przewoźna, Patrycja; Inglot, Adam; Mielewczyk, Marcin; Mączka, Krzysztof; Matczak, Piotr; Wężyk, PiotrStudies on society and the environment interface are often based on simple questionnaires that do not allow for an in-depth analysis. Research conducted with geo-questionnaires is an increasingly common method. However, even if data collected via a geo-questionnaire are available, the shared databases provide limited information due to personal data protection. In the article, we present open databases that overcome those limitations. They are the result of the iTre-es project concerning public opinion on the benefits provided by trees and shrubs in four different research areas. The databases provide information on the location of trees that are valuable to the residents, the distances from the respondents’ residence place, their attitude toward tree removal, socio-demographic variables, attachment to the place of life, and environmental attitudes. The presentation of all these aspects was possible thanks to the appropriate aggregation of the results. A method to anonymize the respondents is presented. We discuss the collected data and their possible areas of application. Dataset: The effect of interview location on the perception of Ecosystem Services provided by trees. A Polish case study. DOI: 10.34808/apm8-re13; Attitudes to tree removal on private property in rural and urban Polish municipalities. DOI: 10.34808/ds29-zt75; Attitudes to tree removal on private properties in two Polish cities. DOI: 10.34808/6d3c-qy88.Item Improving methods to calculate the loss of ecosystem services provided by urban trees using LiDAR and aerial orthophotos(Elsevier, 2021-05) Zięba-Kulawik, Karolina; Hawryło, Paweł; Wężyk, Piotr; Matczak, Piotr; Przewoźna, Patrycja; Inglot, Adam; Mączka, KrzysztofIn this paper we propose a methodology for combining remotely sensed data with field measurements to assess selected tree parameters (diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree species) required by the i-Tree Eco model to estimate ecosystem services (ES) provided by urban trees. We determined values of ES provided by trees in 2017 in Racibórz (a city in South Poland) and estimated the loss of ES from January 1, 2017 to March 5, 2017, a period of changing legislation that temporarily allowed removal of trees on private property without any permission from city authorities. We applied Canopy Height Models (CHM; GSD 1.0 m) generated from two sets of ALS LiDAR point clouds (acquisitions on June 11, 2011 and March 5, 2017) and performed tree crown segmentations using the GEOBIA approach. Physical attributes were estimated for each tree using predictive models, developed based on field tree inventory . The reference areas for parameterizing the segmentation algorithm and assessing tree species composition were established in Racibórz, while reference data required for assessment of DBH were obtained from the MONIT-AIR project (from Municipality of Kraków). We found that in 2017, 988.79 ha of Racibórz (13.2 % of city area) was covered by the crowns of 264 471 trees, providing ES structural values worth over 384 mil €. The structural value of ES lost in the first months of 2017 (during which 5 075 trees were removed) was about 3.5 mil €. We concluded that in the face of information on tree crown cover that is often missing from city databases, tree inventories require application of a combination of multi-source and multi-resolution spatial analyses, including: administrative decisions for tree removal with exact location, predictive modelling of selected biometrical tree information, automatic crown segmentation on CHM and interpretation of regularly updated color infrared (CIR) aerial orthophotos.Item Models of participatory budgeting. Analysis of participatory budgeting procedures in Poland(Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne, 2021-12) Mączka, Krzysztof; Jeran, Agnieszka; Matczak, Piotr; Milewicz, Maciej; Allegretti, GiovanniThis paper presents a study on participatory budgeting in Poland, analyzing participatory budgetingprocedures. We apply the typology of participation models proposed by Sintomer, and based on the previousresearch we investigate which model of participatory budgeting is characteristic for Poland. This study covered49 cases of participatory budgeting implementation in Western Poland, mainly in the Wielkopolska Province andthe neighboring provinces. The results show that none of the municipalities covered by the study had a relativelypure participatory budgeting model, as proposed by Sintomer. The procedures in the analyzed municipalities canbe characterized as the patchwork participatory budgeting model.Item NEKROLOGI PROF. DR HAB. PIOTR BUCZKOWSKI (1950 - 2003)(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2003) Matczak, PiotrItem PROTEST LOKALNY W POLSCE(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2000) Matczak, PiotrIssuing from polish and foreign literature of the subject the Author discusses a comprehension of a protestation and explains this phenomenon in the light and context of consolidation process of democracy itself. Next the reasons and a set of specific features of such local protestations (as well as o f the so-called micro-protestations) in Poland are debated in Details. The Author focuses also on a protestation seen an element of civic society and on essential points of local protestation involved with redistributing common goods.Item Ranking ecosystem services delivered by trees in urban and rural areas(Springer, 2022-03) Przewoźna, Patrycja; Mączka, Krzysztof; Mielewczyk, Marcin; Inglot, Adam; Matczak, PiotrPolicies and strategies for tree management and protection on a national, regional, and local level have not sufficiently considered differences between rural and urban areas. We used expert knowledge to compare rural and urban areas in a case study evaluating the relative importance of ecosystem services (ES) in policy development. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and focus group discussions were used to rank 17 ES, representing four classes of services: provisioning, regulating, habitat, and cultural. The results indicated that effective protection strategies, beyond simply increasing general tree cover, should consider specific benefits trees provide to local communities. We discuss the role of objective prioritization of ES delivered by trees in urban and rural areas and their consequences for decision-making processes.Item Rising to the Challenge? The State of the Art and Future Research Directions of Polish Environmental Sociology(2023) Tusznio, Joanna; Matczak, Piotr; Rechciński, Adam; Choryński, Adam; Niedziałkowski, KrzysztofEnvironmental sociology has been developing since the 1970s; however, it only recently became institutionalized in Poland with the establishment of a respective section in the Polish Sociological Association. We argue that environmental sociology in Poland and the broader area of Central and Eastern Europe has made an important contribution to international research on relations between humanity and nature in the Anthropocene. This paper presents the current state of the art in Polish environmental sociology and discusses future research questions. Our contribution is based on a literature review and the results of a workshop with Polish environmental sociologists. Future research areas discussed in this paper emerge from the following five main thematic domains: (I) social aspects of nature conservation; (II) environmental groups and movements; (III) sustainable development and the participation of local communities in rural and urban areas; (IV) environmental risks and threats and (V) and energy and society.Item SUKCESY I PORAŻKI JEDNOSTEK POMOCNICZYCH SAMORZĄDU TERYTORIALNEGO W POZNANIU I KALISZU W OPINIACH ICH DZIAŁACZY(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2006) Matczak, Piotr; Figiel, AgnieszkaThe revival of local government in Poland in 1990 paved the way for auxiliary units, the so called district councils, that have been established to strengthen the communities within cities. The paper presents the results of the study focused on the barriers and available incentives that district councils in Kalisz and Poznań encounter in their activities. The analysis of the councilors’ opinions shows that their accomplishments in the sphere of culture and infrastructure are those which they consider a success. However, in Kalisz, the successes are not correlated with the expenses particular areas, while in Poznań, such a correlation occurs. Failures are perceived in the areas of infrastructure and relations with the city. In neither case the correlation between failure perception and expenses was detected. In Poznan, the prevailing system o f incentives encourages greater efforts because the undertaken actions and activities create the feeling of success. This can be attributed to a greater amount of resources when compared with Kalisz, where the resources are much too little to create adequate conditions for satisfactory activity.Item The ecosystem services concept as a tool for public participation in management of Poland’s Natura 2000 network(Elsevier, 2019-02) Mączka, Krzysztof; Chmielewski, Piotr; Jeran, Agnieszka; Matczak, Piotr; van Riper, Carena J.This paper examined how the ecosystem services (ES) concept was employed as a tool for stakeholders from different social and professional worlds to deliberate about the management of Natura 2000 areas in Poland. Drawing from Framing Theory and discourse analysis, we analyzed public documents that were generated over a five-year period. We observed that many public debates were couched within the ES framework and related to management of a range of land cover categories. Our results also indicated the majority of public discussions were descriptive and neutral, with a focus on maintaining the flow of Provisioning, and Regulation and Maintenance services to local communities. Normative tones were adopted, particularly surrounding Cultural ES, despite the limited amount of time that stakeholders dedicated to exploring these topics. Our results reinforce the importance of considering the ES concept as a boundary object that maintains interpretive flexibility and focuses stakeholder attention on points of potential social conflict. The implications that emerge from this research are particularly relevant for protected areas, such as those found in Poland, which are reforming environmental protection plans and seeking communication tools to facilitate public participation, environmental sustainability, and more equitable policy outcomes.Item Use of Bi-Temporal ALS Point Clouds for Tree Removal Detection on Private Property in Racibórz, Poland(2021-02) Przewoźna, Patrycja; Hawryło, Paweł; Zięba-Kulawik, Karolina; Inglot, Adam; Mączka, Krzysztof; Wężyk, Piotr; Matczak, PiotrTrees growing on private property have become an essential part of urban green policies. In many places, restrictions are imposed on tree removal on private property. However, monitoring compliance of these regulations appears difficult due to a lack of reference data and public administration capacity. We assessed the impact of the temporary suspension of mandatory permits on tree removal, which was in force in 2017 in Poland, on the change in urban tree cover (UTC) in the case of the municipality of Racibórz. The bi-temporal airborne laser scanning (ALS) point clouds (2011 and 2017) and administrative records on tree removal permits were used for analyzing the changes of UTC in the period of 2011–2017. The results show increased tree removal at a time when the mandatory permit was suspended. Moreover, it appeared that most trees on private properties were removed without obtaining permission when it was obligatory. The method based on LiDAR we proposed allows for monitoring green areas, including private properties.