Browsing by Author "Prengel, Marek"
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Item „PRANIE PIENIĘDZY” - FORMY I ZAGROŻENIA SPOŁECZNE(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2000) Prengel, MarekIn the beginning of his article the Author discusses acs that necessarily must precede the money laundering, i.e. a so-called illicit activity of primary nature. For instance, these acts are: illicit production o f drugs and next trading them, illegal gambling, white slave trade, living on the earnings of a prostitute and giving her protection, illegal immigration, trading of radioactive materials or of weapons, etc., briefly - all acts committed in order to acquire dirty sums of money. Then the most popular models of action are presented by the Author. In a phase model three fundamental phases are specified: the first phase is a placement, i.e. a change of cash into so-called electronic money or other financial values with involvement o f banks, money exchange points, etc.; the second phase is a layering which consists in concealing illegal origin of such financial values through offshore or underground banking, international money transfer, fictitious companies, etc.; the third phase is an integration - i.e. the introduction of laundered money into legal economic circulation through investments, purchasing of securities, etc. Next the Author discusses other theories, e.g. American „cycle model” or theoretical task model by Ackermann. The latter focuses on following points: 1) aims o f money laundering: conversion and concealment; 2) possibilities of acting: off-shore centers, fraudulent companies, corruption; 3) factors o f assistant character: international factor, offshore factor, layering factor, factor of cashless payments system, etc. Final part of the article is devoted by the Author to the laundering itself and hiding of this process as well as to persons occupied with this job, i.e. the „laundry men”.Item PRZEGLĄD PIŚMIENNICTWA(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2005) Prengel, MarekHelmut Satzger, Internationales und Europàisches Strafrecht, Nomos, Baden-Baden 2005, ss. 245.Item TE CI INI C ZN O-FIN ANSO WE ASPEKTY PRZESTĘPCZEGO WYKORZYSTANIA TZW. NOWYCH TECHNOLOGII PŁATNICZYCH W DOBIE GLOBALIZACJI NA PRZYKŁADZIE PRANIA PIENIĘDZY(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 2002) Prengel, MarekThis article is a discussion of the issue of new payment technologies along with a comprehensive view of their possible unlawful use. The notion of „new payment technologies”, virtually unknown until recently, denotes a system o f closed networks, chip cards system, and open payment systems. The author puts special emphasis upon problems related to the interconnection and mutual influence between the following four new phenomena of the 20th century: intensive organized criminal activity and such crime-fostering phenomena as: abuse of new payment technologies, ongoing globalisation, and intensified money laundering. The author sets out to present the arising socio-economic threats connected with the discussed processes and above all to shed light upon the technical and financial mechanisms connected with them. The author arrives at the following conclusions. Methods of applying new payment technologies, especially in money laundering, are as complicated as the economic system itself. The criminals’ unlimited imagination and resourcefulness is still ahead of any preventive measures. Additionally, the constantly transforming globalisation process makes it even more difficult to enumerate all the possibilities of unlawful use of these technologies.