Browsing by Author "Sobieraj, Tomasz"
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Item Artysta, sztuka i społeczeństwo. Spory i polemiki wokół Confiteor Stanisława Przybyszewskiego(2019) Sobieraj, Tomasz; Panek, SylwiaArtist, Art and Society: The Brouhaha around Przybyszewski’s Confiteor Stanisław Przybyszewski’s famous manifesto Confiteor, published in 1899 in the Kraków literary periodical ‘Życie’, evoked the most incandescent exchanges of views in the annals of Polish literary criticism. Its author, aspiring to the heights of a latter day coryphaeus among Polish modernists, formulated a programme aimed polemically at the prevailing concept of native literature – one freeing the artist from the constraints of all obligations without, placing art at the giddy level of the metaphysical absolute. Opponents of Przybyszewski were outraged in particular by the Confiteor thesis of the amoral and irrational nature of creativity, whose animus was to become the famous ‘naked soul’, considered to be the essence of being. Przybyszewski’s manifesto was supported by some modernist critics, foremost Jerzy Żuławski and to a lesser degree, Ignacy Matuszewski. On the other hand, Confiteor was vociferously opposed by positivists such as Piotr Chmielowski and conservatists of the ilk of Jan Pawelski and Teodor Jeske-Choiński. Many no doubt that Przybyszewski’s cassus belli fulfilled the role of his generation’s most singular supplication.Item From realism to neo-Kantianism. The case of Aleksander Świętochowski - the leader of Polish positivism(2010-04-08T06:34:58Z) Sobieraj, TomaszThe article is devoted to an interpretation of Aleksander Świętochowski'a essay entitled "Dumania pesymisty" ("The Pessimist's Thought). That work was published in 1876 and raised the question of the main rules of positivist philosophy. "The Pessimist's Thought" demonstrates interesting changes of Polish positivism which, in some apects, was transformed into an idealistic model of neo-Kantianism.Item Kazimierza Laskowskiego powieść o łódzkim lokaucie(2011-01-14T12:13:28Z) Sobieraj, TomaszThe article deals with the interpretation of the novel Lockout by Kazimierz Laskowski (1861-1913), the second-rate polish writer of the Young Poland epoch. The plot of Lockout is based on dramatic events of 1905 revolution in Lodz, one of the biggest cities of Congress Poland. Lodz, called the Polish Manchester, was then the centre of textile industry. Laskowski’s Lockout is justly regarded as the novel of purpose. The basic aim of the author was to criticize an action taken by Lodz’s employers in 1907. The novel gives a tendentious view of the Jewish and German bourgeoisie exploiting Polish ordinary workers.Item Pozytywistyczne dylematy. Szkice o problemach literatury, filozofii i nauki(Wydawnictwo „Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne”, 2016) Sobieraj, TomaszThe book contains six essays on complex relations between literature, philosophy and science in Polish positivist culture. The author concentrates on certain writers and publicists who were engaged in Polish positivism movement: Bolesław Prus, Piotr Chmielowski, Eliza Orzeszkowa and Aleksander Świętochowski. In their works they thoroughly discussed the most important metaphysical and epistemological problems of the second half of the nineteenth century, e.g. reality, scientific knowledge, nature, determinism, evolution, causality, necessity, an investiga-tion of truth. The Polish positivism, whose development occured between 1864 and 1890, was influenced by many foreign philosopers and scientists. For instance, Bolesław Prus’ novel Emancypantki (Suffragettes), published in 1894, included some metaphysical concepts by James Clerk Maxwell and by William Thomson (lord Kelvin). The most eminent positivist critic, Piotr Chmielowski, tried to popularize John Tyndall’s The Belfast Address, delivered in 1874. In the Polish positivism relations between humanities and science were multifarious and had many philosophical implications typical of European modern culture. The book provides a new per-spective on the complexity of those relations.Item Prus versus Świętochowski w sporze o naukowość, krytykę pozytywną i „Lalkę”(Wydawnictwo Poznańskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Nauk, 2008) Sobieraj, Tomasz; Panek, SylwiaVolume I of the series Critical Literary Argument in Poland presents the genesis and history of an argument which was held in 1890 between the most prominent novelist of the period of positivism, Bolesław Prus, and a leading critic and ideologist of the camp of the positivists – Aleksander Świetochowski. The discussed argument touched upon several spheres: the ideological questions, the concept of positivist science, critical literary issues as well as the literary output of Prus, primarily his novel Lalka (“The Doll”).Item W sprawie przełomu pozytywistycznego. Spory krytyczne wokół Zarysu literatury polskiej z ostatnich lat szesnastu Piotra Chmielowskiego(Wydawnictwo Poznańskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Nauk, 2015) Budrewicz, Tadeusz; Sobieraj, Tomasz; Panek, SylwiaThe 5th volume of the series Polemika Krytycznoliteracka w Polsce (“Critical Literary Argument in Poland”) deals with the nationwide critical dispute over the famous study by Piotr Chmielowski entitled Zarys literatury polskiej z ostatnich lat szesnastu, which was published in 1881. Its author, one of the most prominent Polish positivist literary critics, focused on the so-called positivistic turn that occurred after the collapse of the January Uprising in 1864. Chmielowski’s thesis caused a lot of controversy among literary critics and publicists. The author was accused of a bias against ideological opponents. The sharp dispute included many authors: some belonged to the liberal and positivistic group, whereas others represented conservative views. The former group included Aleksander Świętochowski, Józef Kotarbiński, Antoni Gustaw Bem, Teodor Tomasz Jeż; among the latter there were Adam Goraj, Ludwik Dębicki, Kazimierz Waliszewski. The dispute over Chmielowski’s book was crucial for the history of Polish literature in the second half of the 19th century. It also contributed to ideological and political discussion among the Polish intelligentsia.