Browsing by Author "Urbaniak, Jan"
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Item De “Bruidegom Balling” – de negatieve beeldvorming van de Engelse troonpretendent James Francis Stuart (1688-1766) in de Amsterdamsche Argus(Department of Dutch and South African Studies, Faculty of English, 2009) Urbaniak, JanThis article aims to focus on one of the eighteenth-century satirical periodicals, called the Amsterdamsche Argus (1718-1720). The concept of this periodical implies a number of issues, which, besides its literary value, have mainly an important social impact. This social impact should be described in the frame of a typical eighteen century phenomenon, known as the ‘moral reorientation’ [morele heroriëntatie]. The Amsterdamsche Argus achieves this reorientation strengthening the Dutch sense of superiority, which corresponds in the periodical with satirical, sarcastic criticism on characteristics and behaviors of other nations, such as the English debauchery, extravagance and vanity described in this article. This criticism concentrates mostly on the upper class (aristocracy) as opposed to an image of an unostentatious middle-class man. The critical view of the periodical has also a religious background: the Amsterdamsche Argus takes part in ‘the confessional debate’ – a conflict between the Catholic and Protestant church in the eighteenth century. The periodical tries to emphasize the value of the Protestants and depreciates or ridicules the Catholics.Item Op reis van Ninive naar Nergenshuizen: de reacties van Janus Verrezen (1795-96) op de politieke situatie van Polen rond de derde deling(Department of Dutch and South African Studies, Faculty of English, 2013) Urbaniak, JanJanus Verrezen (1795-1796) was a Dutch satirical periodical, which critically commented politics at the end of the eighteenth century. The authors of the journal were not only interested in changing of local circumstances but also commented on the situation of other states and nations, including Poland. In my article I analyze how Janus Verrezen reacted to one of the most crucial moments of Polish history, namely the third partition (1795). I focus on the rhetorical devices used to create a satirical image of the partition and the situation of the inhabitants of Poland in this period. This article not only helps to reconstruct the image of Poland at the end of the eighteenth century, but also sheds light on those, who created this image – the Dutch and their opinions about such topics as freedom, slavery or human rights. These issues were central to public debate during the first years of the Batavian Republic (1795-1806).Item Tussen ‘rabauwen’ en ‘kloekmoedige’ heren: De representatie van geweld in de Nederlandse contemporaine geschiedschrijving uit de tijd van de Opstand(2011) Urbaniak, JanThis article raises an issue of the physical violence on the basis of several texts from the seventeenth- century Netherlands. Those texts written among others by the famous Dutch chroniclers, such as Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft, Jakob van Wesembeeke or Pieter Christiaenszoon Bor, present a homogenous image of violence during the Eighty Years’ War in its different phases. The above-mentioned writers contrasted the enormous brutality of the Spanish aggressors on the one hand with a peaceful attitude of Dutch inhabitants on the other hand and thereby tried to add an important social value to their texts. They namely intended to alienate the Spanish enemy and at the same time to encourage the Dutch rebels, whose fight for freedom was widely justified in those texts, even though the rebels were resorting to violence to an equal extent as their opponents. The image of violence in the described texts becomes a part of political propaganda, which aimed to build the Dutch national identity at the end of the fight for independence of the Northern Netherlands in the seventeenth century.