Mit totalitaryzmu i Platońska filozofia demokracji
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2010
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Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Dziennikarstwa UAM
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Abstract
A certain trend in political philosophy has associated Plato with a totalitarian tradition,
which is disputed in this paper. The author argues that Plato could be included in the political
philosophy of a democratic type, referring to the interpretation of the theory of ideas, presented
in the text. This interpretation involves a certain understanding of the idea of the Good
and the two principal methods of defining it, as well as ‘Plato’s dilemma’ (the Good above the Demiurge versus the Demiurge above the Good), and a peculiar Platonic way to resolve this
dilemma. Additionally, the author confronts Plato’s dilemma with the axiological duality of
the cultural message conveyed by the Old Testament. The author develops a hypothesis that
especially (albeit not exclusively) as the author of The Republic, Plato laid the foundations for
the political philosophy in general, but also, despite the disapproval of the Athenian democracy
he manifested, for the philosophy of democracy, perceived as a kind of order, based on
defining the Good by means of dialogue and the prevalence of so-defined Good over any kind
of ‘Demiurge’, including a political Demiurge.
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Przegląd Politologiczny, 2010, nr 3, s. 125-140.