Przeciwdziałanie koncentracji mediów w wybranych państwach członkowskich i Unii Europejskiej – analiza rozwiązań prawnych
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Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Dziennikarstwa UAM
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Counteracting media concentration in selected member states and the European Union – analysis of legal solutions
Abstract
Kwestia struktury własności mediów jest niezwykle istotną w państwach demokratycznych,
ponieważ od niej uzależniona jest jakość debaty publicznej. Celem analizy było określenie odmiennych
sposobów zapobiegania procesowi koncentracji i możliwości wyboru form własności mediów
w sześciu państwach UE (Austria, Czechy, Francja, Niemcy, Węgry i Włochy). Ze względu na
oddziaływanie decyzji Unii Europejskiej na rynek mediów zaprezentowano również jej stanowisko
wobec koncentracji, a także reakcje na decyzje podejmowane w tym obszarze przez państwa członkowskie.
W pierwszej i drugiej dekadzie XXI w. w wybranych państwach zliberalizowano krajowe regulacje
dotyczące koncentracji mediów, podjęto również próby ograniczenia powiązań sfery medialnej
z polityczną. Obserwowaną tendencją jest również regulacja zintegrowana, obejmująca zarówno rynek
mediów, jak i rynek telekomunikacyjny.
The problem of media ownership is crucial in democratic countries because the quality of the public debate depends on it. The aim of this analysis is to identify different forms of media ownership in six European countries (Austria, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary and Italy) and the means by which these countries prevent the concentration of media ownership. Since the decisions made by the European Union have a great impact on the European media, the article also presents the position of the EU on the concentration of media ownership, as well as its response to decisions taken by member states regarding this matter. The 2000s and 2010s saw the liberalization of national regulations on the concentration of media ownership in some states. Attempts were also made to limit the relationship between the media and politics. There is also an emerging tendency towards integrated regulation, which includes both the media and the telecommunication markets.
The problem of media ownership is crucial in democratic countries because the quality of the public debate depends on it. The aim of this analysis is to identify different forms of media ownership in six European countries (Austria, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary and Italy) and the means by which these countries prevent the concentration of media ownership. Since the decisions made by the European Union have a great impact on the European media, the article also presents the position of the EU on the concentration of media ownership, as well as its response to decisions taken by member states regarding this matter. The 2000s and 2010s saw the liberalization of national regulations on the concentration of media ownership in some states. Attempts were also made to limit the relationship between the media and politics. There is also an emerging tendency towards integrated regulation, which includes both the media and the telecommunication markets.
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koncentracja mediów, Unia Europejska, państwa członkowskie, pluralizm mediów, własność mediów, media concentration, European Union, Member States, media pluralism, media ownership
Citation
Przegląd Politologiczny, 2018, nr 1, s. 147-162
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1426-8876