Koncepcje wartości i ceny w teoriach ekonomicznych
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Date
1988
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Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM
Title alternative
Conceptions of value and price in economic theories
Abstract
The concepts of value and price and the connection between those categories
are important problems of economic considerations and disputes, both with respect
to the essence of those concepts as well as to their role in the economy. The
present article offers an attempt to investigate basic views of the representatives
of various schools of political economy, with the attention paid to those aspects
which might prove useful from the viewpoint of the rational shaping of the economic
processes.
Starting from the theoretical system of the classic English economy, the considerations
are focused on theoretical problems of value and price in both explanatory
and evaluative approaches. In particular, the author tries to prove
a gradual disappearance from economic theories of the process of linking together
prices and value in view of particular conditions of carrying out economic
activity and in effect, in view of particular economic policy both in Western and
Marxist economy.
The considerations allow to say that the theory of value based on market
price and the theory of value based on labour correspond with the stage of development
when resources and goods were considered practically unlimited. However,
we are more and more aware of the fact that it was only in the XlXth
or partly XXth centuries stage of "abundance" and relatively little dangerous
pollution of the natural environment that prices and their total level might be
considered the reflection of value. The rejection of those assumptions and the
recognition of not only relative but also absolute scarcity of the growing number
of goods, the need of protecting them through prohibitive prices mark the end of
the period of explaining prices exclusively in terms of the input of labour. One
should therefore keep in mind that the growing degree of scarcity of resources
will inevitably lead to the rise in their prices, i.e. to the economic impediment to
their availability.
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Digitalizacja i deponowanie archiwalnych zeszytów RPEiS sfinansowane przez MNiSW w ramach realizacji umowy nr 541/P-DUN/2016
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Citation
Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny 50, 1988, z. 3, s. 149-162