Browsing by Author "Szulce, Halina"
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Item Jubileusz pracy naukowej profesora doktora Zbigniewa Zakrzewskiego(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 1980) Krasiński, Zdzisław; Szulce, HalinaItem Kształtowanie cen detalicznych w Polsce Ludowej(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 1984) Szulce, Halina; Mruk, HenrykThe article presents basic principles of price shaping in the period from the end of the World War Two to 1983, as well as its dynamics attempting to relate it to changes in industrial and agricultural production. Presented actions undertaken in that sphere in the fourty years of the People's Poland indicate that the same economic problems to solve were appearing in individual years irregularly, but cyclically. These were first of all: lack of market equilibrium, higher incomes of the population than market supplies, improper price relations in food and non-food stuffs and high budgetary subsidies to the retail prices. In this situation almost all concepts and implemented price reforms aimed at elimination of those difficulties. Yet, the effects were not long lasting and ineffective in the long run. It was fallacious to treat price as the last resort to improve and regulate functioning of economy, meanwhile, as it is easy to prove, functioning system of prices has a secondary character in relation to functioning economic system, that is only healthy economy which gives shape to the efficient price mechanism. A study of price levels and relations in the examined period proves a gradual (from the sixties on) departure of prices from any relations and economic grounds. Stabilization of foodstuffs prices, effecting increasing budgetary subsidies was accompanied by an irrational growth of non-alimentary products. Both agricultural and industrial production, initially tending to stabilize declined gradually. In that situation it is necessary to return to prices their role of important economic instrument. The authors attempted to prove however, that although indispensable, it is hardly a sufficient intervention to revive the economy.Item Orientacja prorynkowa w zarządzaniu przedsiębiorstwami(Digitalizacja i deponowanie archiwalnych zeszytów RPEiS sfinansowane przez MNiSW w ramach realizacji umowy nr 541/P-DUN/2016, 1990) Strużycki, Marian; Szulce, HalinaIn order to achieve a high level of economic development it is necessary to work out a pro-market orientation comprising the processes of producing goods for domestic and foreign markets. Then, pro-market orientation is the main determinant of methods to be applied in managing the enterprise and the basis for shaping the regulative processes in the economy. The said orientation brings about certain consequences, both for the development of stock structures as well as for the speed of achieving the economic balance. Of special significance for the latter process is the capacity of the production to adjust to the needs of specific customers, its capacity to retain a high technological level and its capacity to take into account elementary requirements with respect to marketing procedures on given markets. Strengthening pro-market orientation contributes to a greater autonomy of economic activity in an enterprise, creates the possibilities to integrate consumption and production goods markets, concretizes market functions of an enterprise and supplements them with quantitative and qualitative relations. It also evokes and shapes competition mechanisms, sets high standards for the organizational structure of an enterprise, and forces the management to change their qualifications and attitudes. The article describes all the above changes and points to a new situation with respect to managing the enterprises in the light of changes in local relations and conditions and in the light of modifications in market functions of enterprisesItem Próba oceny polityki spożycia. Na przykładzie gospodarki rybnej w Polsce(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 1967) Szulce, HalinaGenerally speaking the policy of fish consumption is a very complicated matter. In the postwar period fish consumption in Poland has been determined by the size of supplies. We have had a situation where an effective demand could not be met. The structure of fish consumption — in comparison with the interwar period — has also changed considerably. This was due to the changes in frontiers, the widening of the fishing areas entry into entirely new areas and finally the changes in the consumption habits of some groups of population. In Poland it is taken for granted that fish consumption has a substitutional and not a complementary character. This seems to be confirmed by a high indice of income elasticity for fish and processed fish. There exist great discrepancies between fish consumption in different regions of the country and in the urban — rural aspect. The fish consumption fluctuated — exluding the factor of a buying power of the population — according not only to the size of supplies but also according to various economic and outer-economic solutions linked with the market sphere. Besides the organization of distribution, material and technical basis of turnover, different links of said turnover, instutional structure — a very important role played the price polices. The present price policy restraints to a large degree the substitution between meat and fish foodstuffs. Fish foodstuffs are not at present a durable substitution for meat, because of uneven supplies (from the territorial as well as seasonal apects). It should be stressed that the development of substitution between meat and fish is of great importance to the policies aiming at market stabilisation.Item Profesor Zbigniew Zakrzewski - twórca poznańskiego ośrodka naukowego ekonomiki handlu(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 1992) Szulce, HalinaItem Rynek rolny, jego funkcja i rola w sterowaniu produkcją(Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM, 1980) Szulce, HalinaAn attempt has been taken up in the elaboration to discuss achievements of Poznan centre of commercial sciences in the sphere of — widely understood — agricultural problems. Some thought directions connected with determination of effectiveness of the most important market policy instruments in shaping equilibrium of the food-stuff market, and particularly in stimulation of agricultural production level and structure have been also presented. More important research results from the sphere of agricultural products market, as well as country trade, carried on in the Poznan scientific centre in the past 30 years, have been shown.