Filozofia Chrześcijańska, 2012, tom 9
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Browsing Filozofia Chrześcijańska, 2012, tom 9 by Subject "conscience"
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Item Wina i sumienie. Komentarz etyczny do epilogu Zbrodni i kary Fiodora Dostojewskiego(Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza, Wydział Teologiczny, 2012) Wierzbicki, Alfred MarekDostoyevsky’s famous novel Crime and Punishment can be interpreted as an argument with Nietzsche’s view on the genealogy of conscience. While Nietzsche believes that conscience is a product of a disease and inhibits the will to power, Dostoevsky shows the situation of crossing the border as a source of moral illness and self-destruction of the human person. Crime and Punishment, as well as Dostoevsky’s novel Demons and The Trial of F. Kafka, also criticize modern and postmodern society, in which there is a strong trend, stimulated by psychoanalysis, to liberate people from guilt. With reference to Martin Buber’s views, the author of the article formulates a thesis on the ontological nature of guilt, treating its confession as a necessary act of self-enlightenment in conscience. Examining the structure of conscience in the context of guilt, a deeper level must be indicated, called synderesis in the scholastic tradition. Considering the elements of experience present in the experience of conscience, the author criticizes the intellectualist interpretation of synderesis. He takes into account the deep level of understanding of conscience in the category of heart made by D. v. Hildebrand and the anamnesis category of J. Ratzinger.Item Wina jako węzeł moralności(Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza, Wydział Teologiczny, 2012) Wiśniewski, RyszardThe author analyzes the main problems in defining semantic, psychological and social dimensions of conscience. Starting with etymology and the research of linguistic tradition he distinguishes causative fault and guilt. Internalisation of guilt is treated as the most important issue for morality. This issue essentially creates a major „knot” of morality, however, it points to the objectified, social sense of guilt. From the perspective of conscience guilt reveals and enables genuine morality and the chance to adapt a human’s own guilt in view of their personal development and of preserving dignity. The perspectives of the conscience analysis distinguished in the article require a thorough examination and discussion.