Studia Rossica Posnaniensia, Nr 38 (2013)
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Item Współczesne nazwiska rosyjskie pochodzenia polskiego(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Wójtowicz, MarianThe article presents an analysis of 349 surnames obtained from Russian telephone directories. The author discusses the most important phonetic and morphological features of Russian surnames of Polish origin, identifies their types and draws up a list of 116 most frequently used surnames.Item О категоризации понятия „земля” в семантико-культуроло- гическом аспекте (на материале русских и польских фразеологизмов с лексическим компонентом „земля”/„ziemia”)(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Sitarski, AndrzejThe author of this article assumes that culturological and semantic studies of a language allow one to achieve particular results by drawing attention to linguistics, which plays a vital part in the semantic interpretation of all linguistic fields (maybe excluding phonetics). The meaning of linguistic signs itself conveys fundamental information about the picture of life and mentality that is typical of a given linguistic, cultural and ethnic group. Taking into consideration a cultural and semantic paradigm when analyzing Russian and Polish idioms with the lexical component земля/ziemia, the author draws a conclusion that the interpretation of the concept of land in the studied idioms is deeply anthropocentric. It also reveals the axiological attitude of Poles and Russians toward land.Item Wielopłaszczyznowy charakter lekcji języka obcego(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Siek-Piskozub, Teresa; Wach, AleksandraA foreign language lesson is an interesting and complex event, with a specific structure, social roles ascribed to the participants, and a set of relevant objectives which it aims to fulfill as part of a certain teaching methodology. Following the various perspectives on a lesson which were identified by Prabhu1, the article aims to emphasize the multidimensional nature of a foreign language lesson. Therefore, a lesson is scrutinized as a basic unit of a syllabus, as a way of operationalizing a teaching method, as a social event, as a scene of social interaction, and as an experience fostering the development of teachers’ competence.Item An assessment of natural language robustness and how it relates to natural language sustainability: a fuzzy ecological approach to the lives of natural languages(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Puppel, StanisławAll living natural languages may be characterized in terms of their overall ‘robustness’. The concept may be defined as relating directly to the health/vitality /wellbeing (i.e. sustainability) of these languages. In the paper, an attempt is made to further define the concept in terms of a set of parameters as well as to show that natural languages differ as to the degree of their overall robustness.Item Русская тема в творческих размышлениях Януша Гловацкого(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Popiel-Machnicki, WawrzyniecThe works of the Polish prose writer, playwright, scriptwriter and columnist Janusz Głowacki are characterized by frequent references to Russian literature. This article analyzes works which refer to the artistic activity of Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Nikolai Gogol, Anton Chekhov and Maxim Gorky. Głowacki’s postmodern achievements, which are imbued with grotesque and irony, are an example of careful, even photographic reflection on present-day Poland, America and Russia.Item Zintegrowane podejście w nauczaniu języka obcego(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Paliński, AntoniThis article deals with two of the four primary language skills – listening and reading. The author tries to show not only differences but also similarities between these two receptive language skills, as research has shown that they are very close to one another and have much in common, especially in terms of psychological aspects. The author draws readers’ attention to the fact that both processes – listening and reading – are connected with acquiring and understanding information, entail a critical and creative interpretation of a given text, have similar structure as well as require much concentration and ability to read between the lines, and, furthermore, to understand what is not said or written directly. It is suggested that an integrated approach should be incorporated into the foreign language teaching process, as there are clear similarities between the two aforementioned language skills, especially in the psychological dimension.Item Взаимосвязи и взаимообусловленности межкультурного образования и коммуникации на иностранном языке(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Pacholczyk, TadeuszThe contemporary glottodidactics is an interdisciplinary science, which is reflected, among others, in the transition from mono- to bi- and multiculturalism. The main objective of this paper is to define the relationships between, and conditions of, intercultural teaching and foreign language communication. The following issues will be explored in detail: - discussion of the main assumptions of the post-communicative paradigm of contemporary glottodidactics; - definition of the subject of cultural studies and linguistics in the context of the relationships between “language and culture”; - development of relationships in terms of communication and intercultural competence; - definition of the main objective of intercultural communication; - analysis of relationships as well as intercultural teaching and communication based on examples.Item Идентификация и образ адресата в интернет-соболезнованиях(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Narloch, AndrzejAn internet condolence letter has become a new form of communication in special circumstances. The selection of appropriate vocabulary plays a vital role in writing internet condolence letters as it is indirectly connected with expressing sympathy, support and understanding. In addition, the form of addressing the recipient often determines the right reception of a condolence letter. A recipient is identified in apostrophes in many ways. His or her nationality is emphasized most frequently. Also, ethnicity and social relationships are quite often indicated. Very emotional apostrophes directed to the dead have also been found in the analyzed material. Each kind of identification requires using suitable means of expression. Many of them contain additional emotive language. The analyzed apostrophes are very emotional and full of positive evaluative expressions. All the same, there are also many official, almost pompous constructions.Item Из проблематики духовных ценностей русского православия – „Дневник писателя” эмигранта Б.К. Зайцева(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Mianowska, JoannaThe prose written by a representative of the First Wave of Russian Emigration – B.K. Zaytsev – has been investigated in Poland since the 1980s, and at the beginning of the 21st century we know that there are some academic centers and researchers that have dedicated their work to different aspects of the prose written by the author of ’A Writer’s Diary’. This article examines Zaytsev’s essays devoted to the spiritual values of the Russian Orthodox Church. Their essence is described in Zaytsev’s essays about John of Kronstadt or the Optina Hermitage, which is where Russian notables such as N. Gogol, V. Solovyov, K. Leontyev, F. Dostoyevsky or even L. Tolstoy himself came to seek advice. Zaytsev’s essays: ‘The history of the Russian soul’ and ‘One more time about Athos’ are very important as they provide an understanding of the values of the Russian Orthodox Church. In the latter the author contemplates his visit to the monks of Athos reminiscing about their kindness, rectitude and modesty which, according to Zaytsev, ‘calmed his own soul’.Item „Концепт” и „художественный концепт” с позиций концептолога(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Makarowska, OlgaThis article is an attempt to organize the terminological apparatus of conceptology due to a large number of terms containing the word ‘concept’. The article presents a discussion of the differences and similarities between the terms concept and literary concept as well as the model structure of a literary concept.Item Język rosyjski jako centrum idei narodowej – ujęcie Władymira Biblera(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Kropaczewski, KrzysztofAn article written by a famous Russian humanist Vladimir Bibler, entitled “Russian national idea: Russian native tongue and the experience of culturological assumptions” (Национальная русская идея? – Русская речь. Опыт культурологического предположения), is discussed here in the context of Russian culture’s logocentricity and the related phenomenon of Russian philosophy, with language and a word being its “core elements”. Bibler perceives his native tongue not only as a fundamental element of Russian mentality or “world view”, but also as a dynamic, nationwide symbol as well as the central element – an idea capable of uniting the whole society and fostering the relationship between tradition and the future.Item Слышание как залог успешности межкультурного диалога(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Korzeniewska-Berczyńska, JoannaNot only listening to, but also hearing, what a speaker intends to say is one of the basic conditions of an effective act of communication. However, we are stereotypically programmed to hear ourselves and other people as thinking in a similar way. The article presents theoretical reflections and practical observations related to the possibilities of changing this pattern.Item Станислав Пташицкий в России и в Польше(2013) Kijas, ArturStanisław Ptaszycki (1853–1933) graduated from the Faculty of History and Philology of Saint Petersburg University. He was a philologist and historian as well as expert on Russian literature and culture, who spent almost forty years of his life on the Neva River. As early as in the 1870s he started looking for Polish historical documents in the archives and libraries of St. Petersburg. The documents he found were systematically published both in Russian and Polish. In May 1890, in recognition of his achievements related to the printed works, he obtained the right to give lectures at Saint Petersburg University as an assistant professor. From the end of the 19th century until 1918 he simultaneously taught Russian language and literature at Saint Petersburg Roman Catholic Theological Academy, first as a lecturer and then as a professor. He was also engaged in activities for Polish emigrants in St. Petersburg. After leaving Petrograd, i.e. in 1918, he came to Poland where he started working at the Catholic University of Lublin and later at Stefan Batory University in Vilnius as a professor. In 1922 he became a member of a special commission for the recovery of Polish art that had been illegally exported to Russia. In 1926 he took up a position of director-general of the State Archives. He left extensive writings in many branches of the humanities. He was called an ambassador for learning and culture in the capital of Russia both by Poles and Russians. He presented the achievements of Russian history and literature in Polish writings.Item Грамматическая субстантивная омография в русском языке(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Kaliszan, JerzyThis article is devoted to characterizing one of the main areas of contemporary Russian stress homography (i.e. the relationship between words that are spelled in the same way but pronounced differently as a result of different word stress). The author’s aim is to attempt to describe all kinds of grammatical (paradigmatical) substantival homography that manifests itself in correlations between inflectional forms of the same lexeme such as учителя – учителя, письма – письма, (по) снегу – (на) снегу, etc.Item Kształtowanie nawyków językowych w procesie glottodydaktycznym (aspekt ewolucyjno-antropocentryczny)(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Józefiak, SylwesterThis paper characterizes the theory and practice of developing language habits. The author describes some of the ways of forming habits by using glottodidactic methods such as: audio-lingual, cognitive and communicative. The results of the analysis show that the development of language habits should take place in repetitive informal situations, in which people use a foreign language in accordance with their intentions.Item Размышления о грамматике в обучении иностранным языкам(2013) Jelínek, StanislavThe article describes some changes in views on the role and acquisition of grammar as a set of forms and syntactic structures and as a system of rules and paradigms in foreign language teaching and learning. An essential part of the article is devoted to explaining key phases that are used when teaching and learning Russian grammar, mainly by presenting various exercises and focusing on the function of forms and structures in communication. This process is presented based on the example of a textbook for Czech learners of the contemporary Russian language.Item Predyspozycje indywidualne studentów wyróżniających się(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Janaszek, KrystynaThe article deals with individual qualities of students who achieve very good results in foreign language learning. A survey conducted among students of modern languages at Szczecin University has shown that certain capacities contribute to successful language learning. These capacities include: linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligence, extrovert personality features, a strong temperament, courage to apply communicative strategies, strong internal motivation and the ability to handle difficult situations.Item Учитель в языковой картине мира студентов педагогики частной школы(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Iwan, KrystynaThis paper is based on associative research and its main objective is to define the concept of a teacher as perceived by pedagogy students. The paper shows that, in these students’ linguistic picture of the world, the concept of a teacher is mainly associated with a teacher’s moral and practical competence, whereas technical competence appears less frequently.Item Лабиринты западноевропейской русистики(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Figarski, WładysławThe article focuses on the complex process of development and the actual state of contemporary Russian studies in selected countries of Western Europe. The author describes this hard and thorny path of development which, like a maze, is intricate and ambiguous as well as full of difficulties and obstacles, and he analyzes the condition of Russian studies in England, France, Italy and Spain.Item Новые требования к обучению русскому образцовому произношению польских студентов-русистов, изучающих русский язык с нулевого уровня(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2013) Dziewanowska, DorotaThis article is an attempt to show new ways of teaching model Russian pronunciation to Polish students of Russian language and literature who only begin to learn Russian. The author of the article claims that groups of beginners should not only be taught phonetics during the first several weeks of studies in the form of intensive courses of articulation and intonation. The process of forming correct pronunciation habits in these groups should carefully follow the principle of complexity involved in acquiring speaking skills.