Ethics in Progress, 2016, Volume 7, Issue 2

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    Preface to the Issue
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Instytutu Filozofii UAM, 2016) Bogaczyk-Vormayr, Małgorzata; Małek-Orłowska, Monika
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    Moja przygoda z praktycyzmem
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Instytutu Filozofii UAM, 2016) Domański, Juliusz
    For forty years I have been using in all my Polish scientific works the term "practicism" ("praktycyzm"), and its equivalents in my publications in French, German and Italian. This term has its strong background in Aristotle's notion and term of praxis, which was with precision defined in the commentaries to Nicomachean Ethics, in particular, by numerous medieval commentators. However, this term became not to be a popular one – both in colloquial and philosophical languages, although, it was used later by some other Polish historians of philosophy. When I relate today, and once again explain the sense of my studies on practicism, I do it to inspire young philosophers to search the new terms and definitions for better, maybe well-aimed, description of the phenomena and contents, which I called "practicism".
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    Naïve Justice in the Ancient Greek Novel
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Instytutu Filozofii UAM, 2016) MacQueen, Bruce D.
    This article discusses three trial scenes from three different ancient Greek novels (by Chariton, Achilles Tatius, and Longus), in which naïve justice seems to be deliberately subverted. The titular concept of “naïve justice” is defined here in terms borrowed from Aristotle’s Poetics, where the term “double resolution” is used, disparagingly, of plots in which the good characters are all rewarded and the bad characters all punished. The argument is made that the trial scenes under discussion should raise doubts in the reader’s mind as to which of the parties is truly guilty, and which is truly innocent. This can be seen as a reflection of unexpectedly mature ethical sensibilities on the part of these often-underestimated writers, who seem to have grasped that the “double resolution” may make the reader feel good, but has little to do with the real world.
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    Pojęcie hybris w kulturze i filozofii greckiej
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Instytutu Filozofii UAM, 2016) Bardziński, Filip
    In the article, the author presents an overview of the concept of hubris – excessive pride – as it was understood and developed in ancient Greek culture and philosophy, as well as its practical employment as a measure of convincing others in the speeches of Aeschynus and Demosthenes. Departing from the mythological Hubris – goddess of disdain, pride, arrogance and scandalous behavior, I will develop the wide contexts of hubris as a personal disposition of Greek heroes – such as Ajax, Agamemnon, Oedipus, as well as the moral demerit of such figures as Croesus or Xerxes. I will argue that – throughout Greek mythology, culture, and philosophy – the notion of hubris was understood as acting in a scandalous manner, pushed further to its extremity – and thus being the ultimate offense both to people and the gods.
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    Edukacja retoryczna jako element kształtowania mądrości politycznej
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Instytutu Filozofii UAM, 2016) Mathiesen, Aleksandra
    The revolutionary concept of rhetoric introduced by Plato not only stood firmly against the oratorical practices of his times, but also established first “scientific” art of rhetoric applicable into the frames of philosophical paideia. His perception of rhetorical tasks was strictly related to the goals of political formation and was absolutely indispensable for the purposes of a pursuit of political wisdom, in its exceedingly distinctive meaning. Plato initiated a century-long dispute on rhetorical ends and its political - paideutic value. First, criticized by Isocrates, later, resumed in the most exceptional treatise of Aristotle, he delineated a path of a new display of educational value of the art of rhetoric.
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    Humanistic Poets And Classical Philosophy
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Instytutu Filozofii UAM, 2016) Blum, Wilhelm
    The aim of the article is to show that the so-called “philosophia perennis” is valid for our modern times too. Four philosophical schools of the Hellenistic times remain influential for the following centuries: Plato and Neoplatonism, Aristotle and the Peripatetics, the Stoics and the Epicureans. We are interpreting two, only two, poems from Thomas More and Jacob Balde, and so we see the greatest possible influence of all these four ancient philosophical schools.
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    Parmenides’ Poem: Riddle from B 5
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Instytutu Filozofii UAM, 2016) Bogaczyk-Vormayr, Małgorzata
    The paper constitutes a short analysis of the poem of Parmenides from Elea “On Nature”. The author posits that this text is the original aim of ontology. In the author’s opinion, the most important thesis of the poem is to be found in the fragment B 5, in which she recognizes the ancient motive of the self-knowledge (“the inner Way of Truth”). The primary purpose of the analysis is to interpret the mythological language and to reconsider terminology, e.g. Way of Day and Way of Night, Dike and Moira, thymos, plankton noon. Furthermore, the thinking of Parmenides is briefly interpreted in comparison with Heraclitus, Anaximander, and Archytas.
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    O podstawowych stanowiskach w etyce antycznej
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Instytutu Filozofii UAM, 2016) Husserl, Edmund
    Translated text comes from Edmund Husserl’s course “Einleitung in die Ethik” [“Introduction into Ethics”] from the spring semester 1920, repeated and extended in the spring semester 1924, each time in Freiburg. Husserl presents Socrates as a reformer of philosophy and philosophical practice – in his criticism of sophistic, skepsis and empiricism. As Bogaczyk-Vormayr emphasizes in her introduction, Husserl does not evoke any historical paradigm, he does not want to – simply said – be a historian of philosophy; on the contrary, he presents his view of ethics, which we should call a phenomenological one. That means he offers a critical history of philosophy – his analyses are focused on philosophical ideas and only their philosophical potential is what matters to him.