Prawne determinanty procesu kształcenia w szkołach wyższych w latach 1920–1990 (Część I)
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Date
2013
Authors
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Editor
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM
Title alternative
Legal determinants of the education process in schools of higher education between 1920 and 1990 (Part I)
Abstract
Description
During the period under analysis, neither the doctrine, nor the available legal sources
provided any help that would enable to differentiate between the concept of educating
and teaching at schools of higher education. When referring to teaching, the
legislator used the term with respect to the education provided to students, while
when referring to the term education, the legislator would only adopt solutions
conducive to the teaching.
Apart from providing education and/or teaching, schools of higher education
were also responsible for the upbringing of their students. This paper’s focus is on
the meaning and extent of the triad of concepts: “educating-teaching-upbringing”
based on the opinions presented in the doctrine and the legal regulations in force in
Poland in the years 1920–1990. Understanding of each of these concepts constituted
a starting point for further research and interpretation of the legal solutions adopted
in order to identify the fundamental elements of the education process.
Over the period 1920–1990, the legal status of schools of higher education was
not uniform (there were state and non-state (private) ones, vocational or purely academic). The regime and management of those schools as well as the rights and
duties of their staff and students also differed depending on the type of school.
The academic staff was required to demonstrate high academic qualifi cations and
exemplary morale, while students were expected to be creative and capable of understanding
the content taught. Although it was the teachers and the students together
who constituted the pillar of the education process, in order to achieve the didactic
goals schools of higher had to satisfy certain conditions specifi ed by law, such as:
properly selected faculty members, specifi ed rules of recruitment and enrolment,
organisation of the teaching and development of relevant courses and syllabi for
each year of study, and ascertainment of adequate conditions for their realisation
(teaching infrastructure, fi nancing etc.) These requirements had to be met by both
type of school: public and private likewise. Each reform in higher education (carried
out in 1920, 1933, 1947, 1951, 1958 and 1982) brought about subsequent modifi cations
of those requirements and obligations, which were implemented accordingly.
Since schools of higher education were not immune to political and socio-economic
changes, the reforms in education which they subsequently underwent included
alternately centralistic and de-centralistic solutions.
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Keywords
schools of higher education in the Second Republic of Poland and in the Polish People’s Republic, teaching in schools of higher education, requirements needed to implement the education process
Citation
Studia Prawa Publicznego, 2013, Nr 4, s. 55-79
Seria
ISBN
978-83-232-2695-6
ISSN
2300-3936