Niezamknięte księgi – o księgach cechowych na Pomorzu Zachodnim
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Date
2010
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Incomplete and unclosed books – on guild books
Abstract
Niniejsze badanie koncentruje się na księgach powstałych w wyniku działalności organizacji cechowych na Pomorzu Zachodnim. Jest to specyficzny rodzaj zabytków, w których odzwierciedla się życie zarówno zawodowe, jak i społeczne oraz towarzyskie korporacji. Pisane były niejednokrotnie przez kolejne pokolenia, obejmują nawet kilka stuleci, przez co stanowią cenne źródło historyczne. Księgi dzieliły się na urzędowe, obejmujące całokształt działalności (Amtsbuch), oraz wyspecjalizowane – księgi protokołów (Protokollbuch), księgi mistrzów, czeladników i uczniów (Meister-, Gesellen- i Lehrjungenbuch), księgi rachunkowe (Rechnungsbuch) i księgi normatywne. Tekst ukazuje znaczną różnorodność kwestii poruszanych w poszczególnych rodzajach ksiąg, a także ich formę zewnętrzną. Podstawę do badań stanowią obiekty przechowywane w Archiwum Państwowym w Szczecinie. Daleko posunięte podobieństwo w funkcjonowaniu cechów poza granicami Pomorza pozwala na przeniesienie wniosków również na inne organizacje cechowe.
The article presents the results of an investigation focused on books created throughout the operation of various professional guilds and associations in Western Pomerania. It is a particular kind of a document in which the professional life of a guild (corporation) as well as social life are reflected. On more than one occasion the books were written throughout many successive generations encompassing a time frame of even several centuries, and, therefore, they constitute an extraordinary and valuable historical source of information. The books under scrutiny were divided into the following categories: office books covering the entire activity of a guild (Amtsbuch), and specialized books – books of records (Protokollbuch), books ran by masters, journeymen and apprentices (Meister-, Gesellen- and Lehrjungenbuch), account books (Rechnungsbuch) and, on few occasions, normative books. The article presents a substantial diversity of the issues addressed in individual types of the books and discusses their format. The source material for the study are the items held in the State Archive in Szczecin. A far reaching similarity in the functioning of the guilds, also those from outside Pomerania, allows us to apply the results of the study to other guild associations as well.
The article presents the results of an investigation focused on books created throughout the operation of various professional guilds and associations in Western Pomerania. It is a particular kind of a document in which the professional life of a guild (corporation) as well as social life are reflected. On more than one occasion the books were written throughout many successive generations encompassing a time frame of even several centuries, and, therefore, they constitute an extraordinary and valuable historical source of information. The books under scrutiny were divided into the following categories: office books covering the entire activity of a guild (Amtsbuch), and specialized books – books of records (Protokollbuch), books ran by masters, journeymen and apprentices (Meister-, Gesellen- and Lehrjungenbuch), account books (Rechnungsbuch) and, on few occasions, normative books. The article presents a substantial diversity of the issues addressed in individual types of the books and discusses their format. The source material for the study are the items held in the State Archive in Szczecin. A far reaching similarity in the functioning of the guilds, also those from outside Pomerania, allows us to apply the results of the study to other guild associations as well.
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Keywords
cechy rzemieślnicze, artisan guilds, archiwalia, archival material, Pomorze Zachodnie, Western Pomerania
Citation
Biblioteka nr 14 (23), 2010, str. 7-20