Zasoby siły roboczej i struktura zatrudnienia w Polsce w latach 1970 -1986
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Date
1989
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Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM
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Labour pool and the structure of employment in Poland between 1970 -1986
Abstract
The second half of the 1970s and the first half of the 1980s were the periods
of rapid fall of net increases of population in productive age together with an
unprecedented in the post-war period decrease of the rate of economic activity
of the population including people in productive age. The effects of those two
processes affected first of all the socialized sector, the proportion of which :
labour pool fell between 1979-1982 beneath the 1975 level. As to the private nonagricultural
sector,, the number of employees doubled.
In the analysed period, the structure of employment changed in favour of
sectors providing services, and mostly at the expense of agriculture. Despite this,
the force of the service sector was in 1986 equal to ca. 34% and was only 5 points
higher than the proportion of agriculture and industry.
A more distinct progress, especially in the 1980s, took place in the distribution
structure of postprimary school graduates taking their first job in the socialized
sector (no data are available with respect to the private sector). The share of the
service sector exceeded in the mid—1980s 50%, of which nearly half fell to social
infrastructure. This shift in proportions of graduates employment occured
at a time of a decrease of their total number by 1/4 in comparison with the second
half of the 1970s.
The inability of Polish economy to adapt to diminishing reserves and decreasing growth of manpower resources was responsible for a gradual increase, since the
early 1970s, of the labour shortage, deepened drastically in the first half of the
1980s in consequence of wrong economic decisions taken by central authorities. The
number of vacancies was, in the end of 1986, close to 300 000 (three times more
than the average for the years 1971 -1980) whereas the number of job seekers
was only close to 5000. In the whole period the shortage was higher for men than
for women, for workers than non-workers, for qualified workers rather than unqualified
workers. Besides, it was a characteristic feature that a shortage of
workers especially unqualified ones, grew quicker than the shortage of other
employees. \
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Digitalizacja i deponowanie archiwalnych zeszytów RPEiS sfinansowane przez MNiSW w ramach realizacji umowy nr 541/P-DUN/2016
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Citation
Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny 51, 1989, z. 2, s. 191-210.
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ISBN
ISSN
0035-9629