Podstawowe tezy teorii naznaczania społecznego
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Date
1983
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Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM
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Essential propositions of the social labelling theory
Abstract
The theory of social labelling has radically revaluated several propositions
previously widely accepted in the sociology of deviations and in criminology. It
is mostly a question of the departure from the deterministic approach giving preference
to the etiology analysis of deviational and criminal phenomena combined
with a stress on the role of social control understood as a factor being at the bottom
of social order. The theory has also criticized discriminating deviational and
criminal phenomena from other social facts on the grounds of their objective and
qualitative differences, The proposition of "distinctness" of deviated persons or
criminals from other people, which was in addition to account for deviational behaviour,
was pronouncedly dismissed. A new way of defining the deviational
phenomena was developed in the social labelling theory upon application of the
behavioral criterion of reaction to a given type of behaviour in place of the previous
formal criterion of a norm contravention. Simultaneously a, stress was laid on the
role of an intragroup interaction in forming judgements and interpretations of
other persons behaviour and in considering it to be deviated. Reflections on the
negative effect of the institution of social control were extended by introducing
a notion of the secondary deivation. Consequently it was suggested in the new
trend to reevaluate the previous treatment of deviational and criminal phenomena
and replacing the "correctional" attitude with the one of "understanding". That
would imply a substantial change in methods and ways of treating phenomena
of deviation and deviated persons themselves. To sum up: irrespective of the disputability
of its several propositions, the social labelling theory can be considered
as a particularly original attempt at creating a complimentary approach to the
subject in relation to the previous theories of deviation and crime.
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Citation
Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny 45, 1983, z. 1, s. 225-245