Wpływ czynników instytucjonalnych na rozwój gospodarczy regionów opóźnionych we Włoszech
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Date
1969
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Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM
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The Impact of Institutional Factors on Economic Development of Backward Regions in Italy
Abstract
Mezzogiorno — southern part of Italian peninsula together with Sicily and
Sardinia is relatively backward to north part of Italy (North). North is well
industrialized region having the same indicators of growth as high industrialized
countries of Western Europe. Economic development of Italian backward regions
seems to be impossible in market economy without wide range of government
economic policy instruments. The government action is not only traditional intervention-
education and public works. Public works were incorporated to general
plan of creation of social overhead capital (infrastruttura). What more, there
were published some bills on credit and financial facilities, on facilities in taxes
and location of private firms; some institutions were established in this aim.
But these incentives has taken partial success Then the mixed corporations
(public-private) was compelled to invest 60% of their investment in South. We have
to make allowances for nationalized firms also. In this state of affair government
and mixed corporations investment are in the relation fifty-fifty to investment of
private firms. Government planning changed from investment in social overhead
capital and agriculture dissipated in all over the regions and of little economic effectivness (some of them beated the air), to investment in all sectors of regional
economy and to concentration in the „industrial development areas" and „industrialization
nuclei". In this second stage of development economic effectiveness
is better but only part of population enjoys this situation.
During this process of development income per capita in South has grown
more than twice from 1951, rate of labor force in agriculture dropped from 60%
to 40%, rate of industrial sector product in product of South has grown from 27%
to 35%, living conditions of population were meliored to some extent. But disproportion
between South and Nord did not vanish.
The way of South development make new model of growth, different from
neoclassical one. Influence of interest motive is limited to private firms. Government
makes its action through system of incentives (as in French and British
planning), but what more — it has created a range of its own institutions which
have to fill the government decisions.
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Digitalizacja i deponowanie archiwalnych zeszytów RPEiS sfinansowane przez MNiSW w ramach realizacji umowy nr 541/P-DUN/2016
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Citation
Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny 31, 1969, z. 1, s. 287-309