O pojęciu handlu
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Date
1968
Authors
Advisor
Editor
Journal Title
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Publisher
Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM
Title alternative
The Concept of Trade
Abstract
The concept of trade has been considered in this paper mainly because of the
aim of existance and activity of this discipline of economy. But simultaneously
there are other elements of this concept which ought to be considered e.g. the
subject and the sphere of activity.
The entire concept of the purpose of trade is confined in two basic criteria i.e.
profitableness of the enterprise and the needs of the community.
Some concepts take an intermediate position in this distribution.
Definitions disposed to answer the first criteria regard trade as the professional
purchase of economic goods for the purpose of selling to achieve profit. In this
way the point of gravity in the commercial activity moves from the activity of
exchange to the flow of benefits in the form of merchant's profit. The concept
that the problem of the purpose of trade can be solved on the grounds of profit
remains in close contact with the principle accepted in capitalistic economy in
running an enterprise. This concept of purpose can not explain the social and
economic role of trade. The universalistic concepts represent a totally different
opinion. By replacing the narrow meaning of enterprise by the broader meaning of
the needs of the community the aims of these concepts change from the pursuit
of profit to the method of procedure. The social functions of trade show distinctly
the concepts of socialistic trade.
Since numerous definitions of trade based on social grounds stress variously
the meaning of different exchangeable functions and do not make its purpose precise,
the following definition has been proposed in this paper: Trade is the professional
mediation in the exchange of goods accomplished by means of purchase
deed and bill of sale depending on association and adjustment of the aims of
market methods dictated by the bidders and the receivers of goods, for the purpose
of optimalization of meeting the demand for consumptive and industrial goods,
and minimalization of the time of transactions.
The salient characteristic of this definition is, that it joins and combines all
positive points of definitions of concept of trade applied before. It results also
from the apparent contemporary level and developing tendency in this of materialistic
culture of industrialized communities.
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Digitalizacja i deponowanie archiwalnych zeszytów RPEiS sfinansowane przez MNiSW w ramach realizacji umowy nr 541/P-DUN/2016
Keywords
Citation
Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny 30, 1968, z. 4, s. 79-95