Wolność wypowiedzi a zjawisko manipulacji przekazem prasowym
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Date
2012
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Wydawnictwo Naukowe WNPiD UAM
Title alternative
Freedom of Speech and the Phenomenon of Press Release Manipulation
Abstract
The legal concept of human liberties and rights, including freedom of speech, is secondary
to philosophical assumptions. Certainty of where the border between authority and freedom
lies leaves the issue of the actual range of freedom unresolved. There is no, and there can be no
absolute freedom, and the borders of every freedom are defined by legal regulations. This
raises the question of whether a democratic state, a state of law, can make regulations in the
realm of human rights and freedoms. In international relations, human rights are the foundation
of all humanitarian law. There can be no violation of human rights in democratic states.
The Constitution of Poland prioritizes human freedoms and rights in the constitutional hierarchy.
Freedom of speech is placed particularly high in the hierarchy of liberties encompassed
by human rights. Freedom of speech is guarded not only by Constitutional regulations but also
detailed laws, which simultaneously establish the limits of the freedom of speech. These limits
are also set by ethical norms. Journalists attempt to get around the legal limits that establish
the framework of freedom and the barriers posed by codes of ethics, by means of manipulation
of press releases. Manipulating society, journalists become a tool of authorities that are frequently
not elected, not sovereign and are in fact acting on behalf of entities that remain anonymous
and whose goals are undisclosed.
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Citation
Przegląd Politologiczny, nr 3/2012, s. 17-42.
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ISBN
ISSN
1426-8876