Teologia i Moralność, 2010, Tom 08
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Item rozgrzeszenie po zabiegu in vitro. Głos w dyskusji(Wydział Teologiczny, UAM, 2010) Gryz, KrzysztofThe peculiar promotion of the extracorporeal fertilization method, promotion in which various authorities, recently even the Nobel Committee, are involved - makes it a stronger and stronger temptation also for the faithfiil. As a result, some of them have already decided to resort to in vitro procedure or such a decision is maturing in their heart. The method, being morally vile, is unacceptable and rejected by the Church, and its application constitutes moral evil. Therefore, a pastoral problem arises concerning the persons who bring this sin to the confessional. How can and how should the confessor behave in such a situation? Can absolution be given, and if so, under what conditions can it be given? The present article analyzes this problem in two aspects relevant to the validity of the confession: contrition for sins and satisfaction made for the wrongs. The issues appearing at these two points have been formulated in two ąuestions: what does or what should the act of contrition refer to? And what does the reparation oblige one to do?Item Prośba o śmierć - wołaniem o miłość. Wybrane zagadnienia związane z prośbą chorego o eutanazję(Wydział Teologiczny, UAM, 2010) Kotecka, AgnieszkaHaving analysed selected motives inducing the sick to ask for euthanasia it appears it is not only physical pain, limitations caused by the illness or the loss of dignity and sense of life that are the main factors evoking this dramatic reąuest. Among other reasons there is also solitude, rejection and lack of love from the loved ones. The request for euthanasia appears then as a call for the love and presence of another human being. It is a dramatic attempt to attract attention. Its real aim turns out to be not to end life but to receive help. The reąuest for euthanasia itself is a morally reprehensible act as it is an attempt to take one's own life which is a gift from God and it is only God who can decide about its ending. Euthanasia then is a contradiction as far as both the natural law and the law of God is concerned and ought to be treated as murder.Item Terapie genowe z perspektywy bioetycznej(Wydział Teologiczny, UAM, 2010) Wróbel, JózefThe development of gene therapies is a source of new hopes in medicine. These therapies can be of a preventive, symptomatic or causal character. The latter can have four forms: selection of gametes, therapies of cells of the gender line, embryonic therapy and somatic therapy. Because of the moral duty to respect the dignity of every person all methods using „in vitro" must be negatively evaluated. Likewise negative evaluation is to be applied to these forms of intervention or else experiments in which human life would be destroyed or there would exist too great a risk of the violation of the integrity of the oocyte (in the futurę also the spermatozoon), or another biological structure of the human being in the embryonic period of development. The ethical evaluation of gene therapy on cells of the gender line (participating in the gametogenesis, oogenesis and spermatogenesis), on gametes and on the human embryo, cannot overlook the results it incurs for the future progeny begotten by parents possessing modified genes. These therapies are still of an experimental character, and their implementation as routine treatment will not be possible yet for long time. The real risk of a serious mistake during the procedure and the unpredictability of results, undennines the sense of these practices. This evaluation can be modified in case of the therapy of gender line cells, if gene therapy becomes safe. Therapies of somatic cells are substantially fair. However, it is necessary to act with immense professionalism, to maintain the suitable degree of caution and to avoid any disproportionate risk. In the light of the ethical reflection it is possible to execute the therapeutic experiment. Therefore, such treatment is possible, when all other applied methods and drugs already failed, and the patient is in an imminent life-threatening situation.