Samorząd mieszkańców w obliczu wydarzeń z lat 1980 - 1983 w opiniach działaczy osiedlowych
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Date
1985
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Wydział Prawa i Administracji UAM
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Residents self-government in the face of the 1980-1983 events in the opinions of housing estate activists
Abstract
In September 1983 the Group from the Faculty of Law and Administration
of the University of Warsaw carried out the research on transformations in activities
of residents self-government, realized within the scope of PR-5 governmental
program. The research was conducted in form of panel studies. Those were repeated
in the area of two housing estates (out of ten included in the previous
1977 program). We assumed that the socio political events in Poland which vividly
affected individuals, social groups and the whole nation wold influence the process
of experience cummulation related to the self-government in the place of residence.
The analysis of statements of activists of organs of residents' selfgovernment
suggests a conclusion that the post-August period of renewal became the
beginning of the end of self-government in the form of the 70-ties. Structures
of power previously aiding and stimulating those organs were shaken. The activists
were paralysed with fear of the necessity of taking a political stand in the
new situation. Animosities, and mutual accusations among activists were increasing.
The self-government came under pressure of mass attacks and fostered demands
of the residents who wanted to have their rights respected in the sphere
of decision-making in matters of their residence location. The self-government
organs were not able to get re-oriented to articulate postulates and needs arising
from the ranks and to formulate them in form of definite programs of activities.
The staff of self-government organs was not open to accept such social values
as openess of public life, making use of mechanisms of social control, realization
of the principle of government by the people.
Introduction of Marshall Law in Poland resulted in a total confusion as to
a possible suspension of self-government activities. Some activists openly refused
to cooperate with the self government or their participation ceased. Those who
remained sometimes were only obliged to it by other functions (Militiamen, voluntary
reserves of the militia). The housing estates were visited by military
patrols, army operational groups, commeetees of OKON and PRON whose methods
were based on different principles to those adopted by the activists. The self-government
organs were subordinated to those new bodies and treated it as an
opportunity to regain their lost prestige Suspension and then recalling of Marshall
Law in the light of empirical examination could hardly foster any more optimistic perspectives awaiting the self-government. It is presently going through difficulties
resulting from a permanent lack of residents' support, reduction of staff,
etc. The so called "normalization of the situation" is presently understood by
the activists as the return to self-government bureaucracy or to disgraced methods
of simulated activities of self-government. The events of the years 1980 -
-1983 are treated as transitional episodes which could only briefly throw the
activists off their balance. For they are often characterized by conservatism,
backward attitudes and the narrow perspectives of viewing the estate problems
with separation from the spirits manifested in the events of recenty years.
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Citation
Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny 47, 1985, z. 3, s. 337-359