Rozmieszczenie, biologia i ekologia owadów minujących projektowanego rezerwatu „Bukowiec” w Barlinecko-Gorzowskim Parku Krajobrazowym
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2010-10-07T12:13:22Z
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Distribution, biology and ecology of mining insects in the planned Bukowiec reserve in Barlinek-Gorzow Landscape Park
Abstract
Badania prowadzono na 5 powierzchniach badawczych (w żyznej buczynie niżowej i czterech łęgach jesionowo-olszowych) w latach 1997-2004. Stwierdzono występowanie 116 gatunków minowców (3-gatunków chrząszczy, 7-błonkówek, 51-motyli i 55-muchówek). Gatunki: Psedodineura anemones i Cerodontha pseuderrans wykazano dotychczas z nielicznych stanowisk w kraju. Do min o nietypowym przebiegu zaliczono między innymi okazy min Phytomyza calthophila, wyróżniające się przerwami w przebiegu chodników. Nie stwierdzono tkanki kalusowej w minach badanych roślin. W liściu Eupatorium cannabinum zminowanym przez Liriomyza strigata (VIII 2005 r.; łęg jesionowo-olszowy A) zidentyfikowano kalozę. Larwy minowców żerowały w liściach 70 gatunków roślin żywicielskich z 31 rodzin botanicznych. Stwierdzone gatunki wykazywały silną więź troficzną z żywicielami - najliczniejsze były monofagi (56%). Stwierdzono duże zróżnicowanie liczby minowców w poszczególnych zbiorowiskach (od 87 do 34), co było skorelowane z występowaniem roślin żywicielskich. Zbiór liści z więcej niż jedną miną stanowił tylko około 12% całej kolekcji liści. Stwierdzono, że wraz ze wzrostem liczby min w pojedynczej blaszce liściowej malała liczba zaatakowanych liści. Zaobserwowano podobny schemat rozmieszczenia min Phyllonorycter maestingella i Stigmella hemargyrella zarówno w koronach buków jak i warstwach buczyny. Motyl S. tityrella preferował zewnętrzne strefy koron i unikał niższych warstw lasu. Dynamika liczby gatunków w sezonie wegetacyjnym poszczególnych lat badań była zbliżona. Miny większości gatunków pojawiały się nielicznie.
The studies were carried out in five selected plant communities: a beech forest and four alluvial alder forests in 1997-2004. As a result, 116 species of mining insects were found. They represented four insect orders: beetles (3), hymenopterans (7), butterflies (51) and flies (55). Two rare species: Cerodontha (Buthomomyza) pseuderrans (Diptera) and Endophytus anemones (Hymenoptera) were recorded. The several untypical mines of Phytomyza calthophila, Stigmella mcroteriella and Metallus lanceolatus were noted. The callus tissue was no observed in the tested leaves. The callose deposited inside Liriomyza strigata mine in Eupatorium cannabinum leave (alluvial alder forest (A) in 2005) was identified. The mining insects attacked 70 plant species from 31 botanical families. They were closely related with their host plants. As many as 56% of them were monophagouse. The habitat preferences were determined. The different numbers of mining insects were recorded dependently on plant communities (from 87 to 34 species). This fact was mainly related with diversity of plants and the environmental conditions. The collection of leaves infested by more than one mine was estimated as 12% of all collected leaves. The similar mine distribution pattern of Phyllonorycter meastinella and Stigmella hemargyrella were found in the beech canopy. Stigmella titrella preferred the upper and the outside parts of tree crowns. The dynamic of species numbers in seasons of the single years was similar. The number of mines was generally low.
The studies were carried out in five selected plant communities: a beech forest and four alluvial alder forests in 1997-2004. As a result, 116 species of mining insects were found. They represented four insect orders: beetles (3), hymenopterans (7), butterflies (51) and flies (55). Two rare species: Cerodontha (Buthomomyza) pseuderrans (Diptera) and Endophytus anemones (Hymenoptera) were recorded. The several untypical mines of Phytomyza calthophila, Stigmella mcroteriella and Metallus lanceolatus were noted. The callus tissue was no observed in the tested leaves. The callose deposited inside Liriomyza strigata mine in Eupatorium cannabinum leave (alluvial alder forest (A) in 2005) was identified. The mining insects attacked 70 plant species from 31 botanical families. They were closely related with their host plants. As many as 56% of them were monophagouse. The habitat preferences were determined. The different numbers of mining insects were recorded dependently on plant communities (from 87 to 34 species). This fact was mainly related with diversity of plants and the environmental conditions. The collection of leaves infested by more than one mine was estimated as 12% of all collected leaves. The similar mine distribution pattern of Phyllonorycter meastinella and Stigmella hemargyrella were found in the beech canopy. Stigmella titrella preferred the upper and the outside parts of tree crowns. The dynamic of species numbers in seasons of the single years was similar. The number of mines was generally low.
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Wydział Biologii: Instytut Biologii Środowiska
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Keywords
owady minujące, mining insects, powiązania troficzne, trophic relations, kaloza, callose