Rola kobiet w monastycyzmie iryjskim od V do VIII wieku
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Date
2010-11-15T11:54:16Z
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The role of women in the Irish monasticism, between the 5th and the 8th century
Abstract
W pracy autorka podejmuje temat roli kobiet w monastycyzmie iryjskim w Irlandii a także na kontynencie w okresie między V a VIII w. – to jest od chrystianizacji Irlandii do końca tzw. złotej ery klasztorów kobiecych. W Rozdziale I na podstawie źródeł przedchrześcijańskich oraz kościelnych przeanalizowana została sytuacja prawna kobiet w Irlandii a zwłaszcza ich status w małżeństwie oraz możliwości dziedziczenia oraz to, jaki, jeżeli w ogóle, wpływ miało chrześcijaństwo na sytuację kobiet w Irlandii. Jak wykazano, sytuacja ta, poza pojawieniem się Lex Innocentium nie uległa zasadniczej zmianie, jednak dzięki chrześcijaństwu kobiety zyskały możliwość realizowania się jako ksienie. Rozdział II szczegółowo opisuje wizerunek kobiet w mitologii iryjskiej. W Rozdziale III zaprezentowane zostały biografie św. Brygidy, Ity, Moninny (Darerki), Samthann, Attracty, Cairech Dergen, Damnat, Gobnat, Lasair i Ricinn, a ich obraz w źródłach hagiograficznych staje się podstawą do odtworzenia ogólnego obrazu kobiet w źródłach iryjskich. Zwraca się w nim uwagę zarówno na motywy przed-chrześcijańskie szczegółowo opisane w poprzednim rozdziale, jak i wpływy pisarstwa kontynentalnego. Rozdział IV poświęcony jest biografiom oraz wizerunkom hagiograficznym niektórych świętych fundatorek klasztorów żeńskich lub podwójnych na kontynencie: św. Burgundofarze, Sadalberdze, Ryktrudzie, Gertrudzie i Icie z Nivelle, Aldegundzie i Waldetrudzie, Baltyldzie, Bertilli oraz Anstrudzie. W zakończeniu podsumowano rolę kobiet w okresie, który obejmuje praca, i wykazano przyczyny zaniku klasztorów kobiecych pod koniec wieku VIII.
In the thesis the author undertakes the subject of the role of women in the Irish monasticism in Ireland and on the continent in the period between 5th and 8th century, that is from the Christianization of Ireland till the end of the golden era of women monasteries. In the 1st chapter, based on both pre-Christian and Church sources, she analyzes the legal situation of women and particularly their position in marriage and their capability to inherit, as well as what was, if any, the influence of Christianity on the situation of women in Ireland. It is shown, that their legal status, apart from the appearance of Lex Innocentium, had not changed substantially, however, thanks to Christianity they gained a new opportunity of becoming abbesses. 2nd chapter is a detailed description of the image of women in the Irish mythology. 3rd chapter discusses the biographies of St. Brigit, Ita, Moninna (Darerca), Samthann, Attracta, Cairech Dergen, Damnat, Gobnat, Lasair and Ricinn. Their image in hagiographic sources is a base to reconstruct the image of all women. Attention is paid to both pre-Christian motives, described in detail in the previous chapter, as well as to the influence of continental writings. 4th chapter is devoted to the biographies and hagiographical images of some women saints – founders of women and double monasteries on the continent: St. Burgundofara, Sadalberga, Rictrude, Gertrude and Ita of Nivelles, Aldegund and Waldetrude, Balthild, Bertilla and Anstrude. In the ending chapter the role of women during the given period is summarized and the reasons for the decline of women monasteries in the 8th century are discussed.
In the thesis the author undertakes the subject of the role of women in the Irish monasticism in Ireland and on the continent in the period between 5th and 8th century, that is from the Christianization of Ireland till the end of the golden era of women monasteries. In the 1st chapter, based on both pre-Christian and Church sources, she analyzes the legal situation of women and particularly their position in marriage and their capability to inherit, as well as what was, if any, the influence of Christianity on the situation of women in Ireland. It is shown, that their legal status, apart from the appearance of Lex Innocentium, had not changed substantially, however, thanks to Christianity they gained a new opportunity of becoming abbesses. 2nd chapter is a detailed description of the image of women in the Irish mythology. 3rd chapter discusses the biographies of St. Brigit, Ita, Moninna (Darerca), Samthann, Attracta, Cairech Dergen, Damnat, Gobnat, Lasair and Ricinn. Their image in hagiographic sources is a base to reconstruct the image of all women. Attention is paid to both pre-Christian motives, described in detail in the previous chapter, as well as to the influence of continental writings. 4th chapter is devoted to the biographies and hagiographical images of some women saints – founders of women and double monasteries on the continent: St. Burgundofara, Sadalberga, Rictrude, Gertrude and Ita of Nivelles, Aldegund and Waldetrude, Balthild, Bertilla and Anstrude. In the ending chapter the role of women during the given period is summarized and the reasons for the decline of women monasteries in the 8th century are discussed.
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Wydział Historyczny: Instytut Historii
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Keywords
Historia kobiet, Women’s history, Irlandia wczesnośredniowieczna, Early medieval Ireland, Monastycyzm, Monasticism