Potrzeba przełomu. Dialogiczne spojrzenie z Ferdynandem Ebnerem na rozwój sytuacji duchowej we współczesnych społeczeństwach Europy
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Date
2012
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Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza, Wydział Teologiczny
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The Need for a Breakthrough. A Dialogical Approach to the Situation of Faith Today
Abstract
The „Tischner-Days” Symposium of 2010 examined the topic: „The World and Faith in a Time
of Breakthrough”. The newly published conference papers try to define the situation of culture and
faith in western civilisation today. The Symposium participants concentrated their efforts mostly
on such terms as „individualisation”, „secularisation” and the „holy”. In this article we try to reread
these terms as the description of ongoing changes in the context of Ferdinand Ebners’
dialogical view of the person. Our attempt is therefore to evaluate whether the processes result in
a more personal (inter-personal) world or, rather, in a new ideology, experienced in „I-aloneness”
(Ebner).
Individualisation – the key term of our analysis – could signify a positive process (as for
example K. Popper suggests), when it truly leads from collectivism with its ideology to
individualism understood as a (dialogical) person (as in Ebner, Guardini or Mounier). Currently
secularisation (Ch. Taylor, K. Gabriel) stands in opposition to Max Webers’ old „secularisation
thesis” of pluralisation according to the individual situation of the person, rather than the
disappearance of faith. The changes in the sphere of the „holy” could be positive if seen as focusing
on the „I-Thou” relation.
However, when the ongoing individualisation is not grounded in a dialogical view of the
person, it can end up merely as a shift from one ideology to another; secularisation could end up
merely as the dissipation of consciousness in a superficial and impersonal „vision”, and the
experience of God could become impersonal as mere energy or radiation. When the real life of
the person must be seen in terms of his real „spirit”, we are, instead, dealing here with a „dream
of the spirit” – as Ebner says.
What then is to be done? To make our times more human (so the humanity of the person will
subsist in the dialogical dimension), the „need for a breakthrough” becomes urgent. We should not
only foster the interpersonal dialogue, but also fight against „structural loneliness”, i.e. to convert
abstract (inhumane) notions into human (dialogical) notions (for example as D. Graebers’ attempts
with „debt”).
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Keywords
breakthrough, F. Ebner, R. Guardini, E. Mounier, Ch. Taylor, K Gabriel, I-Thou relation, M. Weber, D. Graebers, structural loneliness, individualisation, secularisation, holy
Citation
Filozofia chrześcijańska, 2012, tom 9, s. 91-112