Problem „podwójnej koinonii” między Kościołami tradycji kijowskiej na Ukrainie. Współczesny kontekst teologiczny
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2019
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The problem of «dual koinonia» between the Churches of Kyivan tradition in Ukraine. Modern theological context
Abstract
Niniejsza rozprawa postawiła sobie za cel przeanalizowanie jednego z możliwych modeli jedności w Kościele powszechnym, który mieści się w paradygmacie jedności-communio, aczkolwiek problemem jego realizacji jest nie cały Kościół, ale lokalny Kościół kijowski na Ukrainie obrządku bizantyńskiego, nazywany powszechnie podwójną koinonią lub podwójną lojalnością. Idea podwójnej koinonii w kontekście ukraińskim przewiduje jednoczesną łączność z Kościołem Rzymu, z Kościołem Konstantynopola, ale również z Kościołem Moskwy. Przy tym, każdy Kościół Ukrainy, który przyłączyłby się do jedynego Kościoła kijowskiego, pozostawałby nadal w koinonii ze swoim Kościołem-matką i tej tradycji, którą posiada. Miałaby to być w pewnym sensie jedność w różnorodności. Biskup Rzymu powinien pozostać widzialnym źródłem jedności Kościoła powszechnego, obrońcą i rzecznikiem wiary dla całego Kościoła, i oczywiście posiadającym władzę pasterską w Kościele powszechnym, ale nie wyrażaną w terminach jurysdykcyjnych, jeżeli chodzi o inne Kościoły siostrzane, pozostające z nim w koinonii. Na dzień dzisiejszy idea podwójnej koinonii, zaproponowana przez Ukraiński Kościół Greckokatolicki, wydaje się być daleka od urzeczywistnienia, ale nie wygląda całkiem utopijnie. Przeprowadzona analiza tej kwestii, pozwala stwierdzić, że idea powinna być brana pod uwagę, dopracowywana, możliwie modyfikowana w zależności od stanu dialogu pomiędzy Kościołami oraz powinna raczej bardziej uwzględniając eklezjologię tak Zachodu, jak i Wschodu.
This dissertation is an analysis of one of the possible models of unity within the Universal Church. This model belongs to the unity paradigm of communio, although the locus of its realization is not the entire Church but only the Particular Kyivan Church of the Byzantine Rite. This model is called dual communion or dual allegiance. The idea of dual koinonia in a Ukrainian context envisions the simultaneous unity with the Roman Church, with the Church of Constantinople, and also with the Russian Orthodox Church. In this way, each of the Ukrainian Churches that would join the single Kyivan Church would continue to remain in communion with its Mother Church and would also retain the tradition which it possessed before uniting. In a certain sense, this would constitute a unity in diversity. The Bishop of Rome must remain the visible source of the unity of the Universal Church, the protector and spokesperson of faith for the whole Church, and the one who has pastoral authority in the Universal Church. The hope is that this authority not be expressed in jurisdictional terms with regards to other Sister Churches in communion with itself. In today’s day, the idea of dual communion proposed by the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church appears to be a long way from realization but still not completely utopian. The analysis of the question undertaken in this dissertation permit us to conclude that this idea should considered, refined, and perhaps modified according to the state of the dialogue between the Churches. Both sides should also take into consideration the difference in each others’ ecclesiology, in the ecclesiology of the East from that of the West.
This dissertation is an analysis of one of the possible models of unity within the Universal Church. This model belongs to the unity paradigm of communio, although the locus of its realization is not the entire Church but only the Particular Kyivan Church of the Byzantine Rite. This model is called dual communion or dual allegiance. The idea of dual koinonia in a Ukrainian context envisions the simultaneous unity with the Roman Church, with the Church of Constantinople, and also with the Russian Orthodox Church. In this way, each of the Ukrainian Churches that would join the single Kyivan Church would continue to remain in communion with its Mother Church and would also retain the tradition which it possessed before uniting. In a certain sense, this would constitute a unity in diversity. The Bishop of Rome must remain the visible source of the unity of the Universal Church, the protector and spokesperson of faith for the whole Church, and the one who has pastoral authority in the Universal Church. The hope is that this authority not be expressed in jurisdictional terms with regards to other Sister Churches in communion with itself. In today’s day, the idea of dual communion proposed by the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church appears to be a long way from realization but still not completely utopian. The analysis of the question undertaken in this dissertation permit us to conclude that this idea should considered, refined, and perhaps modified according to the state of the dialogue between the Churches. Both sides should also take into consideration the difference in each others’ ecclesiology, in the ecclesiology of the East from that of the West.
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podwójna koinonia, dual communion, jedność, unity, unia, union, jedność Kościołów, unity of the Churches, koinonia