Charakterystyka związku między zdaniami opisowymi a zdaniami normatywnymi
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Date
2012
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Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza, Wydział Teologiczny
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Characteristics of the Relationship between Descriptive Sentences and Normative Statements
Abstract
The philosophical problem that is the focus of this article was polemically coined by David
Hume and expressed in a Latin phrase: ab esse ad obligare non valet illatio. Thanks to George
Moore, this statement entered into the history of philosophy as the naturalistic fallacy. Hume questioned
the possibility of deriving ethics from natural law. He was convinced that moral obligation
has its roots rather in human emotions. Subsequently both Immanuel Kant in his categorical imperative,
and Max Scheler in his material ethics of values, disputed Hume’s statement.
In the present article we will try to address the issue of the naturalistic fallacy, which denies
the possibility of deriving an „ought” from an „is”, first of all in the field of formal logic. Afterwards,
we will analyze the relationship of descriptive and normative statements philosophically,
psychologically and, in the end, neuroscientifically – all this in order to answer the question whether
there is any possible link between those two types of statements.
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Keywords
naturalistic fallacy, „is” and „ought”, descriptive sentences, normative sentences
Citation
Filozofia chrześcijańska, 2012, tom 9, s. 113-124