Materiały kompozytowe modyfikowane aminami i jonami miedzi oraz ich potencjalne wykorzystanie w procesach adsorpcji z fazy ciekłej
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2018
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Composite materials modified with amines and copper ions, and their potential application in adsorption from liquid phase
Abstract
Jedną z najskuteczniejszych metod oczyszczania ścieków jest adsorpcja. Wśród wielu sorbentów można wyróżnić materiały kompozytowe. Terminem kompozyty określa się materiały złożone z co najmniej dwóch komponentów o różnych właściwościach. Celem naukowym rozprawy doktorskiej była synteza i charakterystyka właściwości fizykochemicznych kompozytów polimerowych oraz węglowych jako efektywnych adsorbentów zanieczyszczeń z fazy ciekłej. W ramach pracy doktorskiej nanokompozyty polimerowe oraz kserożele węglowe zostały zsyntetyzowane w procesie polikondensacji rezorcyny i formaldehydu. Nanokompozyty polimerowe, będące produktem pośrednim w syntezie kserożeli węglowych, zostały modyfikowane metyloaminą oraz impregnowane chlorkiem miedzi(II). W przypadku kserożeli węglowych, przeprowadzono utlenianie roztworem nadsiarczanu amonu, funkcjonalizację grupami aminowymi oraz jonami miedzi(II). Modyfikacja jonami metalu odbywała się w oparciu o dwie metody, przy użyciu: chlorku miedzi(II) - na drodze impregnacji mokrej, a także octanu miedzi(II) - dodanego na etapie polikondensacji. Otrzymane materiały zostały szczegółowo scharakteryzowane za pomocą różnych technik badawczych i zastosowane w roli adsorbentów rodaminy B i żółcieni pomarańczowej FCF. Dodatkowo kserożele węglowe zostały poddane badaniom sorpcyjnym względem zieleni brylantowej, błękitu tymolowego i kofeiny z fazy ciekłej. W ramach realizowanej pracy doktorskiej wykazano, że przeprowadzone modyfikacje powierzchni materiałów kompozytowych powodują znaczny wzrost ich pojemności sorpcyjnych względem analizowanych zanieczyszczeń w odniesieniu do niemodyfikowanych próbek.
One of the most effective methods for wastewater purification is adsorption on a range of materials, including composites. Composite materials are by definition composed of at least two materials of different functions. The aim of doctoral dissertation presented was the synthesis and characterization of physicochemical properties of polymer and carbon composites that could be used as effective adsorbents of a wide range of pollutants from the liquid phase. The polymer nanocomposites and carbon xerogels were synthesized in the process of polycondensation of resorcinol and formaldehyde. The polymer nanocomposites, which are the intermediate products in the synthesis of carbon xerogels, were modified with methylamine and then impregnated with copper(II) chloride. The carbon xerogels obtained were at first oxidized with ammonium persulfate and then functionalized with amine groups. Finally they were modified with copper ions by two methods, i.e. using copper(II) chloride by wet impregnation or using copper(II) acetate added by polycondensation. The structures and textural properties of the materials obtained were characterized by different methods. The composites obtained were tested as adsorbents of rhodamine B and sunset yellow FCF. The xerogels obtained were also tested as adsorbents as brilliant green, thymol blue and caffeine from liquid phase. The modifications of composite materials were proved to significantly enhance the sorption capacities of the materials studied towards the pollutants tested.
One of the most effective methods for wastewater purification is adsorption on a range of materials, including composites. Composite materials are by definition composed of at least two materials of different functions. The aim of doctoral dissertation presented was the synthesis and characterization of physicochemical properties of polymer and carbon composites that could be used as effective adsorbents of a wide range of pollutants from the liquid phase. The polymer nanocomposites and carbon xerogels were synthesized in the process of polycondensation of resorcinol and formaldehyde. The polymer nanocomposites, which are the intermediate products in the synthesis of carbon xerogels, were modified with methylamine and then impregnated with copper(II) chloride. The carbon xerogels obtained were at first oxidized with ammonium persulfate and then functionalized with amine groups. Finally they were modified with copper ions by two methods, i.e. using copper(II) chloride by wet impregnation or using copper(II) acetate added by polycondensation. The structures and textural properties of the materials obtained were characterized by different methods. The composites obtained were tested as adsorbents of rhodamine B and sunset yellow FCF. The xerogels obtained were also tested as adsorbents as brilliant green, thymol blue and caffeine from liquid phase. The modifications of composite materials were proved to significantly enhance the sorption capacities of the materials studied towards the pollutants tested.
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Wydział Chemii
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materiały kompozytowe, composite materials, modyfikacje powierzchni, surface modifications, usuwanie barwników, removal of dyes, adsorpcja, adsorption, kofeina, caffeine