„Międzynarodowe życie rzeczy” w świetle „międzynarodowego życia osób”
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Date
2014
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Wydawnictwo Naukowe WNPiD UAM w Poznaniu
Title alternative
‘International life of things’ in the light of the ‘international life of persons’
Abstract
The text emphasises that in European culture, the terms ‘thing’ and ‘person’, as
well as ‘subject and ‘object’, alongside their synonyms, have been changing their meanings,
or rather acquiring new ones. Particular attention is given to the presentation of
the following: 1. the transformation of the language used in the late Middle Ages
which was most likely to have facilitated the modern transformation in thinking about
the state and the individual (Ockham, nominalism); 2. parallelism of the modern concept
of the state as subject (Richelieu, the concept of sovereignty) and the modern concept
of the individual as subject (Descartes, the concept of autonomy). It is also
indicated that since the 17th century the belief in the sovereignty of the state has alternated
with the autonomy of the individual. Consequently, various types of objectification
(for example, when individuals’ powers are diminished for the sake of the state, or the
other way around). Describing the relations of subjectivity-objectivity and subjectification-objectification
their flagrantly dichotomous nature is emphasised, which has
entrenched itself as a consequence of European logic. It is also stressed, however, that
relentlessly contrasting ‘subjects’ with ‘objects’ and ‘things’ with ‘persons’ continues
to constitute one of the foundations of Europeanness.
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Citation
Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne, 2014, nr 4 , s. 33-53.
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ISBN
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1731-7517