Normatywne ujęcia antyprokreacji
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Date
2000
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Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM
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Normative interpretations of antiprocreation
Abstract
From the dawn of history, different ways of preventing human birth have belonged tomajor
normative problems. From the normative viewpoint, this prevention is usually called birth control that
embraces all the relevant biological, medical, chemical and other methods. From the medical standpoint,
birth control is based mainly on three methods: contraception, contra-gestation and abortion.
Already primitive peoples practiced their own methods of preventing pregnancy: avoidance of
intercourse at certain periods and various means of prevention: magic, medical, chemical, mechanical
and surgical.
One of the most controversial problems of anti-procreation is abortion. The practice of abortion is
presumaably as old as human history. Three solutions compete in the normative regulations an abortion:
ban, admissibility under strictly defined circumstances, and full admissibility. In legal regulations
concerning abortion three models can be distinguished: either giving preference to the protecition of the
pregnant woman’s interests, or the interests of the foetus, or seeking compromise between those two
adverse interests. The Polish law leans towards the third model.
Sterilization occupies a separate position in the vast issues of anti-procreation. The moral evalution
of and regulations concerning sterilization vary depending on its voluntary or compulsory character,
applied to men or women.
Speaking in most general terms, anti-procreation in all its manifestations, essentially striving for
infertility, is subject to highly diversified assessment and regulations that cannot claim to be universal.
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Roczniki Socjologii Rodziny, 2000, tom 12, s. 213-236.